• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1096-1106
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• 1995

We experienced 7 cases of left single lung transplantation in 14 mongrel dogs and analyzed graft lung function by hemodynamics, blood gas analysis, chest X-ray, biopsy and perfusion lung scan. We performed right pulmonary artery cuff[PA cuff for analysis of graft lung function in 3 cases. The donor lungs were flushed with modified Euro-Collins solution[n=3 or low potassium dextran glucose solution[n=4 and preserved for 4 to 5 hours[n=4 or 24 hours[n=3 at 10o C and implanted to the dogs with similar weight . Assessment of left graft lung was done by occluding the right pulmonary artery for 10 minutes using PA cuff. Assessment for graft lung function was done immediately after an operation and after 3 days, 7days and 3 weeks postoperatively. Four dogs survived for 3days, 7days[2 cases and 3 weeks respectively. Other three dogs expired within 3 hours of reperfusion. Immediate perfusion scans of left lung in four survived dogs after reperfusion were 42.1%, 36% , 11% and 5.9% respectively, and another dog with 4.8% perfusion to left lung was dead due to left atrial thrombi after 3 hours reperfusion. In one case among three acute rejections follow-up perfusion scan was done on 3rd and 11th postoperative day and the result decreased from 36% perfusion immediate postoperatively to 21% and 15% respectively. Three expired dogs postoperatively couldn`t tolerate occlusion of right pulmonary artery with above 40 mmHg of mean pulmonary artery pressure. On the other hand, three survival dogs postoperatively tolerated occlusion of right pulmonay artery with less than 30 mmHg of mean pulmonary artery pressure. and one dog couldn`t tolerate same procedure immediate postopertively but in 2 hours reperfusion later tolerated with 29 mmHg of mean pulmonary artery pressure.In conclusion we couldn`t compare the effect of two flushing solutions but low potassium dextran glucose solution showed relatively safe preservation effect in cases with preservation of more than 20 hours. Also canine left single lung transplantation model with PA cuff indicated useful method for the assessment of graft lung function with effect of lung preservation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to establish reproducible ischemic infarction model using allogenic blood clot in beagle dogs and identify induced ischemic lesion after middle cerebral artery occlusion using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathologic findings. Twenty eight male beagle dogs with no evidence of neurologic disease were experimented. Allogenic embolus was made using a healthy beagle dog. After internal carotid artery (ICA) was exposure, 16G catheter was introduced through the ICA. The dog was administered 0.3 ml blood clot for 15 seconds followed by 3 ml of saline for 15 seconds. MRI scans were performed with 1.5T to evaluate ischemic lesion at 7 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion procedure. Evaluation parameters of MRI include location, distribution, infarction type, margin, shape, mass effect and intensity of T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). On MRI, all dogs (28/28) showed focal or multifocal lesion including telencephalon and thalamus lesions, especially caudate nucleus (24/28). These lesions had well-defined margin from adjacent brain parenchyma, none or mild mass effect and various shape. Most of dogs appeared hyperintensity on T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR, and DWI/ADC, corresponding to chronic infarction. These lesions were histopathologically confirmed atrophic changes and unstained lesion. In conclusion, MRI is the useful method to provide information about ischemic infarction in dogs and the best reproducible ischemic infarction model was developed by using allogenic blood clot.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the azygos vein to aorta diameter ratio (AV/AO ratio) in healthy dogs and dogs with diseases that may cause azygos vein dilation. The normal groups included eleven healthy beagle dogs and eleven small breed dogs. The abnormal group included 43 dogs that had diseases with high right atrial pressure (RA group), obstruction of cranial or caudal vena cava (CVC group) and porto-azygos shunt group (PSS group). The diameter of AV and AO were measured at three sites on thoracic CT images; the level of the cranial endplate of 12^th thoracic vertebra (TV level), the tracheal bifurcation (TB level) and the insertion to the cranial vena cava (CrVC level). The AV/AO ratio at the CrVC level had significantly higher values than those at the TV and TB levels in the normal groups. The AV/AO ratios of TV and TB levels in the CVC group and the values at all measurement sites of the PSS group were significantly higher than the normal groups. AV/AO ratio will be a useful factor for the evaluation of various clinical conditions that change the AV diameter with respect independent to the body weight in dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2001

위내 Helicobacter 균속에 자연 감염된 개에서 삼중요법의 효과를 알아보기 위해 Helicobacter 균속에 자연 감염된 것으로 판명된 7두의 개를 대상으로 amoxicillin, metronidazole을 14일간 경구투여하였다. 삼중요법 실시에 따른 Helicobacter 균속 감염상태 변화를 평가하기 위해 투여 7일째, 14일째 그리고 투여 중지후 30일째의 위생검 조직에 대한 요소검사, Helicobacter 균속에 대한 중합효소 연쇄반응 검사와 함께 분변시료를 이용한 중합효소 연쇄반응 검사를 실시하였다. 삼중요법 14일째 위생검 조직의 요소검사에서는 7두중 6두가 음성이었으나 위생검조직과 분변시료의 중합효소 연쇄반응 검사에서는 각각 3두와 4두만이 음성이었다. 삼중요법 중지후 30일째 검사에서는 각 검사법이 모두 동일한 결과를 나타내었는데 7두중 3두에서 음성으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 위내 Helicobacter 균속에 자연 감염된 개에서 amoxicillin, metronidazole과 omeprazole을 이용한 삼중요법은 Helicobacter 균속 감염 정도를 낮추거나 때로는 완전 박멸할 수 있을 것으로 보여지기에 만성위염의 임상증상을 나타내는 개의 Helicobacter 균속 감염증에 적용할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare the long term prognosis of Ahmed valve implantation and medical therapy in dogs with early primary glaucoma. The medical records of dogs with early primary glaucoma from the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University between January 2005 and May 2008 were reviewed. Five dogs underwent Ahmed valve implantation and medical therapy was performed in six dogs. Breeds of the dogs included Shih Tzu(n = 7), American cocker spaniel(n = 2), and miniature poodle(n = 2). Adequate intraocular pressure(IOP) was better maintained in the Ahmed valve implantation group than in the medical treatment group throughout the follow-up period. Mean time for vision loss to develop after treatment in the Ahmed valve implantation group($198.0{\pm}115.4$ days) was significantly longer than that in medical treatment group($43.2{\pm}30.4$ days, p < 0.05). Post-operative complications included occlusion of the tube by fibrin in the anterior chamber (n = 1), fibrous capsule about the episcleral base of the device(n = 1), and dislocation of the valve body(n = 1). It is considered that Ahmed valve implantation is more effective strategy to control IOP and maintain vision than medical treatment in early glaucomatous dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.328-331
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• 2011

간헐적 전지 파행을 보이는 두 마리 개가 내원하였다. 신체 검사에서 약 $90^{\circ}$ 외측 회전을 동반한 전완 기형을 두 마리 모두에서 확인 하였다. 일반 방사선 사진에서 척골 원위부 아탈구, 요골 앞쪽 휨 현상, 짧아진 요골 척골, 및 앞발의 외측 회전을 확인하였다. 외측 회전을 동반한 전완 기형의 교정을 위해 척골 원위부 골절제와 요골 원위부 쐐기형 절골술 및 요골 원위부 내측 회전을 실시 하였다. 관절 부조화를 예방하기 위해 척골 근위부 절골술을 첫 번째 개에서 실시 하였다. 수술 후 정기 검진은 수의사의 신체 검사를 통해 실시 되었으며 두 마리 모두에서 수술과 관련한 합병 증상 및 파행이 없음을 확인하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2013

본 연구는 개의 이첨판 폐쇄부전증(CMVI) 환자군에서 혈장 NT-proBNP농도를 평가한 연구이다. 본 연구를 위해 CMVI에 이환된 50마리와 건강한 대조군 7마리를 대상으로 일반적인 심초음파 검사와 혈중NT-proBNP농도를 측정하였다. 심부전의 심하기에 따라 분류된 환자군에서 측정된 NT-proBNP농도와 심초음파 인덱스의 상호관련성을 평가하였다. 혈중 NT-proBNP 농도는 심부전의 심하기에 따라 상승하였다. 또한 심초음파 인덱스중 left atrium/aorta (LA/AO), early diastolic transmitral flow (E) velocity, late diastolic transmitral flow (A) velocity, end diastolic volume index (EDVI) 등과 밀접한 관련성이 관찰되었다. 본 연구는 이첨판 폐쇄부전증 환자의 예후를 평가하는데 중요할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.416-424
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• 1989

We have performed eight, single transplantations of right lung in dogs from September, 1988 to March 1989 at the Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgical department, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. We wrapped bronchial anastomosis site with great omentum and used cyclosporin in preoperative and postoperative periods in seven cases except one. The one without wrapping the bronchial anastomotic site with omentum and using cyclosporin died due to bronchial anastomotic site rupture in postoperative fourth day. If there is no reason to choose one side over the other, we would generally choose to do left-sided transplant as this is technically somewhat easier because of the long length of recipient bronchus and the ease of clamping the left atrium proximal to the pulmonary veins. The right atrium limits the amount of left atrium that can have incorporated into the clamp proximal to the pulmonary veins on the right side. But we had chosen to do right-sided transplant of lung because we must take variable technical experiences on right sided lung transplant in dogs. We have to anastomose one of pulmonary vein and left atrial wall on right-sided transplant easily only with double ligation of one pulmonary vein because right atrium limited the clamp of left atrium proximal to pulmonary veins with decreased venous return and cardiac output in some dogs. All seven dogs with right-sided lung transplant had survived more than one day with good condition except one. The one dog have to be sacrificed to evaluate the difference between the gas analysis in pulmonary venous and arterial blood in post-operative eight hours. We found hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of contralateral left lung in this dog. And also all dogs have to be sacrificed for the evaluation of surgical problems, anytime in post-operative periods without any cardiopulmonary resuscitative efforts when the general condition would be worse progressively. We found no any surgical technical errors in seven dogs except one with thrombi in suture site of left atrium. There were hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of transplanted right lung in one, of contralateral left lung in one, of contralateral left lung with double ligation of its pulmonary artery in one, thrombi around left atrial sutures sites in one, multiple air leakage in one bronchial rupture in one due to rejection or infection. There were accidental extubation and delayed intubation in one and unknown cause of death in one.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.345-352
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• 1994

We have performed left lung transplantation followed by ligation of right pulmonary artery in 14 dogs at the Chest Disease Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine from May 1992 to February 1994. Excised left lung was perfused with 1500cc of 4$^{\circ}$C cold Euro-Collin`s[E-C] solution at a pressure of 30cmH2O through main pulmonary artery and preserved in 4$^{\circ}$C cold E-C solution for one hour. Left lung transplantation were proceeded in order of left atrium, left main bronchus, left pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery ligation as usual method. The femoral artery and pulmonary artery pressures were monitored for more than 5 hours after the transplantations in 14 dogs. Six recipient dogs had elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure to greater than 30mmHg after the left lung transplantation and ligation of right pulmonary artery. The cause of elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure was due to inadequate preservation resulting in ischemic damage to donor lungs in 3 cases, and inadequate surgical techniques in 3 cases. Two recipient dogs without surgical complications died immediate post-operatively due to hemorrhagic shock. The bleeding focuses were LA anastomotic site in one case and femoral artery puncture site in another case. The remaining 6 recipient dogs showed mean pulmonary arterial pressure less than 30mmHg. However, one dog had spontaneous pneumothorax in post-operative 4 days, and another dog had rejection phenomenon in post-operative 5 days which was confirmed by pathologic findings of extracted transplanted lung. One dog succumbed of severe hemoptysis which was due to lung abscess with pin point stenosis of bronchial anastomosis in post-operative 38 days. In conclusion, elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 30mmHg in immediate postoperative period can be due to inadequate preservation of extracted lung or poor surgical techniques. And the two dogs succumbed of hemorrhagic shock even though the mean pulmonary arterial pressure was less than 30mmHg. It is thought that careful preservation of the extracted donor lung in 4oC E-C solution and complete surgical techniques are the most important factors early and late complications.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1993

To investigate the availability of hamster test in assaying the fertilizing capacity of dog sperm and the effect of canine sperm motility on sperm binding and penetration, semen were collected from four dogs(three dogs had been proven to be fertile and one dog to be subfertile during the past two years) and then preserved in BWW(Biggers, Whitten, Whittingham) medium for about 20 hours. The semen were given each different treatment according to the experimental design and coincubated with zona-free hamster ova for 5 hours. The ova were stained by lacmoid and examined under phase contrast microscope to investigate the rates of ova bound with sperm(sperm binding) and ova penetrated by sperm(penetration), and also numbers of both bound and penetrated sperm per ovum. In comparison between fertile dogs and a subfertile dog, the rate of sperm binding was higher in fertile dogs than the subfertile dog(p<0.01, p<0.05). The number of bound sperm per ovum was considerably higher in a fertile dog than the subfertile dog((p<0.01), and also difference of number of the bound sperm was obtained among the fertile dogs(p<0.01, p<0.05). The rate of penetration as well as the number of penetrated sperm per ovum was higher in the fertile dogs than the subfertile dog(p<0.01, p<0.05). In fertile dogs. the canine semen preserved at 4$^{\circ}C$ for 18 to 22 hours showed from 30 to 80% motility at Insemination, however, no difference in hamster test was obtained according to different degree of sperm motility. These results indicated that hamster test would be of avail in assaying the fertilizing capacity of dog sperm.