• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.29-33
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• 2005

This study aims to establish a speech corpus for Korean as a foreign language (L2 Korean Speech Corpus, L2KSC) and to examine the aspects of the foreign learners acquisition of the phonetic and phonological systems in the Korean Language. In the first year of this project, L2KSC will be established through the process of reading list organizing, recording, and slicing, and the second year includes an in-depth study of the aspects of foreign learners Korean acquisition and a contrastive analysis of phonetic and phonological systems. The expectation is that this project will provide significant bases for a variety of fields such as Korean education, academic research, and technological development of phonetic information.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 1996

방사선 사진상에서의 계측치 자체가 이차원적인 면만을 나타낼수밖에 없어 실제 삼차원적인 구조물인 두개안면부위의 특징을 정확히 묘사하기는 어려움이 있다. 이에 따라 한 평면과 다른 평면을 연계시켜 보다 3차원적인 측면의 많은 연구가 시행되어져 왔으며, 이들 두 평면간의 상호연관성에도 관심이 모아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 부정교합과 밀접한 영향을 가질뿐 아니라, 성장의 변화를 예측할수 있게하고 치료방법,예후 결정등에 중요한 영향을 미치는 안모유형지수와 이하두정 방사선 사진상에서의 여러 계측치간의 상호연관성을 평가하여 보았다. 골격성 ClassI의 양호한 안모를 가진 성인을 대상으로 측모두부방사선사진 이하 두정 방사선계측사진을 촬영하여 이들간의 상관관계를 알아보아 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 과두의 평균경사도에 영향을 주는 요소를 알아보기 위해 FACE,INT-CO-ANG, MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO, MX-RATIO를 변수로하여 다중회귀분석 결과, 아래의 회귀 방정식을 얻었다. CON-AVE는 .173(FACE) -0.322 (INT-CO-ANG) +36.34 (GON-RATIO)+0.420(MN-CORPUS)로 나타났다($R^2=.85451$) 2. 안모유형지수에 대해선 아래의 희귀방정식을 얻었다. FACE=.050(CON-ANG)+.023(INT-CO-ANG)-.075(MN-CORPUS) ( 2. 안모유형지수에 대해선 아래의 희귀방정식을 얻었다. FACE=.050(CON-ANG)+.023(INT-CO-ANG)-.075(MN-CORPUS) ($R^2=.31547$) 3. 이하두정 방사선사진상의 계측치들중 MN-CORPUS, CON-RATIO, GON-RATIO, MN-RATIO, MX-RATIO는 서로 밀접한 상관관계를 보였다.(P<0.05) 4. 하악과두의 평균경사도는 우측에선 $23.67^{\circ}$, 좌측에선 $20.71^{\circ}$로 나타났고, 좌,우측값에서 차이를 보이고 있다. FACE : 안모 유형지수. CON-ANG : 하악과두경사도의 평균값. CON-AVE : 좌,우 하악파두경사도의 평균값. INT-CO-ANG : 좌,우 하악과두장축이 이루는 각도. MN-CORPUS : 좌,우Gonion에서 Pog.까지 이은 선에 의해 형성되는 각도. CON-RATIO: intercondylar distance/mandibular body length. GON-RATIO: intergonion distance/mandibular body length. MN-RATIO : intermylohyoid distance/mandibular body length. MX-RATIO: intermaxillary tuberosity distance/ANS-PNS distance.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.863-869
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• 2011

The aim of the present study is to investigate whether an ethanol extract of Acorus gramineus Soland (EAG) augments penile erection in vitro and in vivo experiment. Preconstructed with phenylephrine (PE) in isolated endothelium-intact rabbit corpus cavernosum, EAG relaxed penile smooth muscle in a dose-dependent manner, which was inhibited by pretreatment with NG-nitro-L-argininemethylester (L-NAME), a nitricoxide synthase inhibitor, and 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazole-[4,3-${\alpha}$]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a soluble guanylylcyclase (sGC) inhibitor, respectively. EAG-induced relaxation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (TEA), a nonselective $K^+$ channel blocker. EAG increased cGMP levels of the rabbit corpus cavernosum in a concentration-dependent manner without changes in cAMP levels. In addition, EAG caused increase of peak intracavernous pressure (ICP), ICP/MAP ratio and area under the carve (AUC) in SD rats. Taken together, these results suggest that EAG augments penile erection via NO-cGMP system and $K^+$ channels in corpus cavernosum.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.339-343
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• 1996

The effect of ginseng on the reactivity of penile corpus cavernosal smooth muscle strips of rabbits was investigated to support the clinical application of ginseng for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, normal diet group (n=9) and ginseng saponin diet group (n=5). Then, each group was fed normal diet and Korean red ginseng saponin diet (50 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks. We measured concentration dependent relaxation of corporal smooth muscle to acetylcholine (10-8 M to 10-4M) in organ chamber. The degree of relaxation was expressed as percentage of maximal relaxation obtained by papaverine (10-4M). Dose dependent relaxation of corpus cavernosal smooth muscle to acetylcholine, at the concentration of 10-8 M to 10-4M by half log increment, was 4.06$\pm$0.00, 4.30$\pm$1.30, 5.32$\pm$0.68, 11.64$\pm$1.74, 16.24$\pm$1.61, 23.33$\pm$ 2.29, 26.45$\pm$2.25, 30.43$\pm$2.40 and 33.41 $\pm$2.48 (%), respectively in normal diet group and 9. 83$\pm$4.15, 20.60$\pm$4.62, 24.1815.12, 35.75$\pm$5.71, 43.35$\pm$6.11, 51.30$\pm$6.22, 56.33$\pm$6.22, 54.30$\pm$4.17 and 51.98$\pm$3.92 (Vc), respectively in ginseng group. These data suggest that ginseng enhances ondothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced relaxation of penile corpus cal.ernosal smooth muscle in rabbits.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.1142-1160
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• 2022

Text data plays a significant role in understanding and analyzing trends in consumer, business, and social sectors. For text analysis, there must be a corpus that reflects specific domain knowledge. However, in the field of fashion, the professional corpus is insufficient. This study aims to develop a taxonomy and thesaurus that considers the specialty of fashion products. To this end, about 100,000 fashion vocabulary terms were collected by crawling text data from WSGN, Pantone, and online platforms; text subsequently was extracted through preprocessing with Python. The taxonomy was composed of items, silhouettes, details, styles, colors, textiles, and patterns/prints, which are seven attributes of clothes. The corpus was completed through processing synonyms of terms from fashion books such as dictionaries. Finally, 10,294 vocabulary words, including 1,956 standard Korean words, were classified in the taxonomy. All data was then developed into a web dictionary system. Quantitative and qualitative performance tests of the results were conducted through expert reviews. The performance of the thesaurus also was verified by comparing the results of text mining analysis through the previously developed corpus. This study contributes to achieving a text data standard and enables meaningful results of text mining analysis in the fashion field.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.589-609
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to show that lexical equivalency in translation can be achieved when it is based on semantic prosodies of lexical items. This paper examines the semantic prosodies of two seemingly synonymous English adjectives ‘empty’ and ‘blank’ on the basis of the corpus given in Cobuild English Collocations on CD-ROM and proposes that they are different in terms of spatial dimensions. Thus when a Korean equivalent pin derived from the verb pita is translated into English, syntagmatic phraseological environments of the Korean adjective must be taken into account to attain the equivalency of the source and target languages. Relevant Korean corpus was taken from the 21st Century Sejong Plan (2002). Out of 12 examples of pin konggan, five appear to be equivalent to ‘blank’ and seven to ‘empty.’ The five to seven ratio in different usage indicates that the equivalency problem concerning the lexical item pin is not a trivial matter in translation.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.433-442
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to reveal the Korean learners' usage pattern of '의', the genitive particle, according to semantic classification, so that it can be referred to in determining the contents and methods of related education. The method of this study adopts a quantitative analysis using learners corpus established by National Institute of Korean Language. As a result of the analysis, as proficiency increases, the overall frequency of '의' increases and the number of meaning senses used increases. However, the frequency of errors also increases with it. As for the usage pattern of each sense, the meaning of 'ownership, belonging' is the most frequent, and followed by 'acting entity', 'kinship, social relations', and 'relationship(area)'. In conclusion, the meanings of 'acting subjects' and 'relationships(area) need to be supplemented with explicit education. Other meanings need to be discussed, and decisions should be made in consideration of learning purpose and proficiency.

• 중국학논총
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• 제62호
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• pp.49-69
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• 2019

This study refers to the methodology of study of usage patterns by dissolving the study of Korean auxiliary particle '만, 밖에, 뿐' and Chinese range adverb '只, 光, 僅', and uses the actual language data of Korean native speakers and Chinese native speakers Using the constructed corpus, we looked at the usage patterns of auxiliary particles '만, 밖에, 뿐' and range adverb '只, 光, 僅' respectively. In the Korean and Chinese corpora, the Korean auxiliary particle '만, 밖에, 뿐' and Chinese range adverb '只, 光, 僅' are each 300 sentences, and a total of 1800 are used as analytical corpus. through the analysis of the examples, the features and differences such as the appearance ratio of Korean and Chinese, appearance environment are revealed. the analysis results of Korean and Chinese are compared to find common points and differences.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2007

본 연구는 복강경을 이용하여 한국흑염소의 난소를 연속적으로 관찰하여 그 형태적 변화를 확인함으로써 한국흑염소의 성주기를 판정하고 그 결과를 한국흑염소의 수정란 이식시에 활용하고자 하는 목적으로 수행하였다. $CIDR^(R)$ 제거 2일 후부터 복강경 수술을 통해 난소의 형태적 변화를 관찰하였다. 난소의 크기와 황체의 변화를 관찰하였으며, 황체는 그 성숙과 퇴축 과정에 따라 corpus hemorrhagicum(CH), corpus luteum(CL), corpus albicans(CA)로 나누었다. 배란 전일(Day 0)에는 배란 직전의 대형난포(Graafian follicle)가 존재하였고, 배란일(Day 1)에는 배란 직후의 함몰 부위(OD)를, 그리고 배란 2일째(Day 2)에는 초기 출혈체$(CH_1)$가 관찰되었다. 배란 3일 및 4일째에는 배란된 자리로부터 형성된 출혈체가 성숙하여 $CH_2,\;CH_3$로 발육되며 점차 그 크기가 커지고 주위에 잘 발달된 혈관의 분지들을 관찰할 수 있었다. 배란 5일째와 6일째에는 완전히 성숙하여 난소의 절반 이상을 차지하는 성숙 황체$(CL_3)$를 관찰하였다. 배란 10일째에는 더욱 발달한 성숙 황체와 함께 같은 쪽 또는 반대편 난소에 작은 난포가 생성된 것을 확인하였고, 배란 15일째에는 10일째 생성된 난포와는 다른 새로운 난포가 나타나 발육되는 것을 확인하였다. 배란 17일과 18일째에는 점차 황체의 크기가 작아져 $CL_2,\;CL_1$의 단계로 퇴행하였고, 배란 20일과 22일째에는 완전히 퇴행된 황체, 즉 백체(CA)의 존재와 함께 같은 쪽 또는 반대편 난소에 발육된 우세난포를 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 복강경을 통한 난소의 변화상을 관찰한 결과, 한국흑염 소의 발정주기는 estrus기(성숙 난포기)가 1일(성주기제 0일), metestrus기(배란 및 황체 발육기)는 4일(성주기 제 $1{\sim}4$일), diestrus기(황체기)는 $12{\sim}13$일(성주기 제$5{\sim}16/17$일), proestrus기(황체퇴행 및 난포 형성기)는 5일(성주기 제 $17/18{\sim}21/22$일)인 것으로 확인되었다. 난소의 육안적 관찰을 위해 사용한 복강경 시술은 개복술에 비래 수술 상처와 감염이 적고 수술 후 회복도 빨랐으며 최소한의 유착과 수술 시간의 단축 등 많은 장점을 가지고 있어 한국흑염소의 수정란이식 등에 그 활용 가치가 클 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2002년도 11월 학술대회지
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• pp.209-213
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• 2002

This paper describes the reduction of DB without degradation of speech quality in Corpus-based Speech synthesizer of Korean language. In this paper, it is proposed that the frequency of every unit in reduced DB should reflect the frequency of units in Korean language. So, the target population of every unit is set to be proportional to their frequency in Korean large corpus(780K sentences, 45Mega phonemes). Second, the frequent instances during synthesis should be also maintained in reduced DB. To the last, it is proposed that frequency of every instance should be reflected in clustering criterion and used as criterion for selection of representative instances. The evaluation result with proposed methods reveals better quality than using conventional methods.