• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2010

Purpose: This study compared stress, self-esteem and perception of parents' nurturing attitudes perceived by school-age children between Korea and China in order to supply information for health promotion of the children. Methods: The subjects of the study consisted of 287 elementary students in Korea, and 185 elementary students in China. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation analysis. Results: The comparisons showed that Chinese children reported higher stress than that of Korean children. The Korean children perceived more receptive, more self regulative, and less accomplishment pressure about their parents' nurturing attitudes compared to the Chinese children. Correlation analysis showed significant relationships among total stress, self-esteem and the perception of parents' nurturing attitude in Korean and Chinese children. Conclusion: From the results of this study in order to promote the health of school-age children, it is necessary to develop a program which helps School-age Children reduce stress and increase self-esteem.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 2012

In this paper, we have investigated effects of two specific meditations (Chinese qigong meditation and Kundalini yoga meditation) on the heart rate variability (HRV), which is a well-known quantitative measure of autonomic balance, of skilled students. To analyze the effects, the MIT/BIH physionet database was utilized. The database includes RR intervals of eight skilled Chinese qigong meditators (5 women and 3 men; age range 26-35) and four skilled Kundalini yoga meditators (2 women and 2 men; age range 20-52). RR intervals of each subject were measured before and during the meditations. For HRV analysis, we have used typical four HRV parameters - the low frequency to high frequency power ratio (LF/HF ratio), SD2/SD1 ratio, sample entropy, and fractal dimension. The LF/HF ratio was calculated by the autoregressive spectrum and the SD2/SD1 ratio was derived from the Poincar$\grave{e}$ plot. The sample entropy was computed from the phase space plot and the fractal dimension was estimated by the Higuchi's algorithm. In the experiments, the Wilcoxon signed rank test was employed because we used small datasets and compared HRV parameters before and during the meditations. As a result, we have found increment of the LF/HF and SD2/SD1 ratios in both meditations; whereas the sample entropy is decreased during the meditations. In addition, the fractal dimension is increased during the Chinese qigong meditation; whereas it is decreased during the Kundalini yoga meditation. The results show that the sympathetic nervous system is generally more activated in skilled Chinese qigong and Kundalini yoga meditators, but the activation of the parasympathetic nervous tone is suppressed.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.151-158
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• 2016

The 21st century is an era of knowledge innovation. Under the era background of knowledge explosion and information explosion, the competition among countries is ultimately talent competition. High-end talents are the core element of national competitiveness. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology and knowledge changing with each passing day, the cultivation of students' creativity is the requirement of social development and national progress. This paper makes a comparison between the creativity of business school students in China and Korea with questionnaire survey. Empirical study and comparative study with university students by grade in China and Korea are performed. The test results indicates that there are differences between Korean and Chinese students. Also, university students' creativity are different by grade. This study finds internal reasons for creativity differences and puts forward counter measures and methods for improving students'creativity.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.761-774
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• 2015

This study examines the dietary life, weight control, perceived body image, self-esteem, and eating disorder of female college students residing in Korea and China. With approval by the IRB of Pusan National University, a survey was conducted in Korea and China. A total of 574 subjects participated in the survey, and they were divided into three groups: 153 Korean female college students residing in Korea (KSK), 180 Chinese female college students residing in Korea (CSK), and 241 Chinese female college students residing in China (CSC). The group of underweight subjects far exceeded the overweight and obese groups, but there was no significant difference (p<0.05). The CSC group showed the highest food intake frequency and eating habit scores, and the KSK group, the lowest (p<0.05). However, the KSK group showed the highest daily life habit score, followed by the CSK and CSC groups, in that order. All groups showed high weight control experience rates mainly for losing weight. In particular, the KSK group showed a much higher rate than the CSC and CSK groups. All groups wanted much thinner body shapes than their actual shapes, resulting in high percentages of body image dissatisfaction. The KSK group showed a higher self-esteem score than the CSC group. The average EAT-26 score was similar across the three groups, but the percentage of eating disorders was much higher in the KSK group than in the CSC and CSK groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to assess dietary intake obtained by easy method and to compare dietary behavior of house wife and female college students in Yanbian. The subjects consisted of 276 house wives and 228 female college students. Mean daily energy intake of house wives was 1926.0kcal and that of female college students was 1949.0kcal. Calcium intake as NAR(Nutrient adequacy ratio) was lowest in house wife and female college student. Iron intake was also low in subjects and lower in female college student than in house wife. Meal frequency per day was regular in subjects. Skipping meal time in subjects was breakfast and snaking time was late evening generally. Frequency of eating out was rare in most subjects and 60.6% of subjects preferred chinese food in eating out, while house wives preferred Korean food than female college student in eating out. The vegetables were preferred than meat or fish and used by fried in sauces. Hot and sour tastes were more like than greasy taste in subjects. Nutrient intake levels and dietary behaviors of house wife were to be like as those of female college students in general. BMI(Body mass index) was lower in female collage students than house wives, similarly in Korean. According to these results, house wives and female college students in Yanbian had similar dietary patterns. Calcium intake was tend to be low and dietary pattern was regular, dietary qualifies of subjects were adequate. Nutrient intake and dietary pattern in Yanbian were to be like as in Korean, and the Korean-Chinese in Yanbian maintained traditional dietary pattern.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.347-357
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• 2010

This study was assessed the menu satisfaction and preferences of high school boarding students in Gyeongggido. Data collection was carried out through surveys given to 300 high school boarding students; a total of 274 were usable. Statistical analyses were done using the SAS package program (version 8.2 for Windows). The results of this study are summarized as follows: 54.0% of respondents were freshman and 46.0% were sophomores: and 52.9% of respondents were male and 47.1% were female. According to the results of the menu satisfaction survey, males and females significantly differed on appropriate food temperature, freshness of food, harmonic combination of menu, menu variety, quality of ingredients, appearance of food, and frequency of supplied nutrition information. A significant difference regarding menu satisfaction was also found between grade level. First grade students were more satisfied than second grade students. Moreover, menu preferences were significantly high for omelet-rice, fried rice, pork-on-the-bone soup, deep-fried chicken, fruit salad, spicy chinese cabbage salad kimchi, chinese cabbage kimchi, and all desserts. On the other hand, pumpkin and rice porridge, beef and rice porridge, barley rice, soft tofu stew, soybean paste soup, braised japanese spanish mackerel, and sauteed squash were not significantly preferred. The results showed that high school boarding students' menu preferences differed depending on gender, grade, and boarding period. In conclusion, the results of this study should provide dieticians information for improving menu planning. In addition, foodservice satisfaction of the boarding school students can be improved by continuous menu improvement.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

Country images of Korea and Japan based on economic development, education level, goods' quality, R&D, political democratization and quality of life, perceived by Chinese university students in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong province of chinese emerging markets as the representative of a potential buying power group, are surveyed, which, then are used to study how the perceived country images effect on their purchasing intention for Korean and Japanese products, such as, foods, cars, fashions, music CDs, electronic products and living goods. The study shows that, in chinese emerging markets, country image affects on the purchase intention of each products differently. The country image of Korea was less influential than that of Japan on the Chines students' purchasing intention for the goods other than the electronic goods. Despite the small number of the sample, this study showed the importance of country image in the in chinese emerging markets and suggested the need for both the government and private sector to take a strategy to enhance the country image by finding the relation between the elements of country image and the intention to purchase certain product.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.53-65
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to a comparison of physical fitness according to the body mass index (BMI) of Chinese college students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: According to the BMI, the research objects are divided into four types: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. This research took 26,976 college students who participated in Jiujiang College. It examines BMI, 50m, vital capacity, standing long jump, sitting forward bend, sit-up (female), pull-up (male), 800m (female), 1000m (male) which is to research the correlation between different BMI and other indicators. Results: The physical qualities of students with normal weight are significantly better than those with other BMI groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that male BMI was positively correlated with vital capacity (r=0.07, p<0.01), 50m (r=0.15, p<0.01) and 1000m (r=0.14, p<0.01), and negatively correlated with standing long jump (r=-0.12, p<0.01), sitting forward bend (r=-0.06, p<0.01) and pull-up (r=-0.13, p<0.01); Female BMI was positively correlated with vital capacity (r=0.03, p<0.01), 50m (r=0.21, p<0.01) and 800m (r=0.18, p<0.01), and negatively correlated with standing long jump (r=-0.07, p<0.01), sitting forward bend (r=-0.11, p<0.01) and sit-up (r=-0.10, p<0.01). Conclusion: Overweight and underweight will affect the physical quality of college students. Students should keep their BMI within the normal range for their health.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to scientifically examine Kuhl's (2011), originally Johnson and Newport's (1989) critical period graph, from a perspective of auditory perception and linguistic discrimination. This study utilizes two types of experiments (auditory perception and linguistic phoneme discrimination) with five different age groups (5 years, 6-8 years, 9-13 years, 15-17 years, and 20-26 years) of Korean English learners. Auditory perception is examined via ultrasonic sounds that are commonly used in the medical field. In addition, each group is measured in terms of their ability to discriminate minimal pairs in Chinese. Since almost all Korean students already have some amount of English exposure, the researchers selected phonemes in Chinese, an unexposed foreign language for all of the subject groups. The results are almost completely in accordance with Kuhl's critical period graph for auditory perception and linguistic discrimination; a sensitive age is found at 8. The results show that the auditory capability of kindergarten children is significantly better than that of other students, measured by their ability to perceive ultrasonic sounds and to distinguish ten minimal pairs in Chinese. This finding strongly implies that human auditory ability is a key factor for the sensitive period of language acquisition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.754-760
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese university students' in Beijing perception for Korean Kimchi. The results were as follows: A questionnaire was examined on male 145 (45.7%) and female 172 (54.3%) college students of residing in Beijing. Nationality of Kimchi answered Korea 83.3% of all the participants, and have eaten Kimchi was 59.0%. Male purchased commercial Kimchi 39.7%, and female restaurant 44.9% (p< .05). The first answered 'it was taste' 52.1% when commercial Kimchi purchased, and packing size of commercial Kimchi was 50g 50.0%. Among the intake experience have eaten Kimchi was the highest Baechu Kimchi 79.1%, Mu Kimchi 68.4% and Oi Kimchi 63.6%, also preference of Kimchi was Baechu Kimchi 44.3%, Mu Kimchi 29.3% and Oi Kimchi 19.2% in order. After have eaten Kimchi answered good 64.6% (p< .05), Kimchi liked reason were the highest 'refreshing taste' 42.4%, unliked were 'oder (of garlic, ginger and anchovy juice, etc)' and 'too spicy' 33.3%, respectively. Improvement on consumption extention of Kimchi answered 'not too salty' 30.2%, 'not too hot' 28.5% and 'not too strong seasoning' 22.7%. Perception for Kimchi answered the highest mean (3.95) 'Kimchi is a good side dish with cooked rice'.