• ALGAE
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2004

This study was to clarify the variations in a marine ecosystem through examining the species composition of benthic algae in the coast of Dokdo Island during summer (June & August, 2003). The total number of species found in benthic algae was 45 composed of 11% green algae, 29% red algae and 60% brown algae. The dominant species were Enteromorpha linza, Cladophora spp. and Codium frgile for green algae, Ecklonia cave, Eisenia bicyclis, Sargassum confusum, S. patens, S. horneri, Myagropsis myagroides for brown algae and Amphiroa cphedrace. A pusilla, Lithophyllum okamurae, Corallina spp. Laurencia pinnata, L. hamata, Chondria crassicaulit, C. dasyphylla, Gelidium amansii, Neosiphonia yendoi and Polysiphonia yendoi for red algae. The number of benthic algal species decreased more in this study than in previous researches. The whitening of the rocky shore might provoke the decrease of benthic algal biomass and species.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1988

Study was conducted on how the phosphorus content of algae changed by the algal species and the algal growth conditions. Phosphorus contents were not so different by algal species if algae grow on the same phosphorus concentration. Phosphorus content of algae grown on higher P medium was higher than that of algae grown on lower P medium. Algae excrete P-compounds from cell to the medium when the dissolved reactive phosphorus is depleted in the medium, and the excreted P-compounds were decomposed by algae and used for the growth of algae. Phosphorus content of algae grown in the P-limited condition was about 5-1 $\mu$gP/mg dry wt., but that of algae grown in the condition not P-lirnited was above 10$\mu$gP/rng dry wt.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2008

Recently, sea algae cultivation as carbon sink and carbon dioxide fixation have been considered. Also, various researches on bioenergy derived from sea algae and the utilization of fibers, saccharide, and lipid of sea algae have been performing. Till now, algae fibers has been used for manufacturing of paper and reinforcing of polymer composites and the extracts of sea algae are used for cosmetics, pharmaceutical materials and food such as agar. Especially, algae fiber has so similar properties to cellulose in terms of crystallinity and functional groups that it can be utilized as reinforcements of biocomposites. Biocomposites as alternatives of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites are environmentally friendly polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers and are actively applying to the automobiles and construction industries. In this paper, characteristics of algae fiber and biocomposites reinforced with algae fiber as environmentally friendly energy materials have been introduced.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2003

Community structure and vertical distribution of benthic marine algae were investigated in the intertidal and subtidal rocky shore of Samyang, Jejudo Island. The total number of 62 algal species composed of 6 Cyanophyta, 6 Chlorophyta, 19 Phaeophyta, and 31 Rhodophyta were observed. The dominant species were melobesioidean algae, Sargassum thunbergii, Hizikia fusiformis, and Ulva pertusa in the intertidal zone and melobesioidean algae, Ulva pertusa, Corallina spp., and Undaria pinnatifida in the subtidal zone. The vertical algal distribution was represented by the melobesioidean algae in the whole rocky shore, Caulacanthus ustulatus in the upper intertidal zone, Sargassum thunbergii and Hizikia fusiformis in the middle and lower zone, Ulva pertusa in the lower zone and Ulva pertusa, Corallina spp., and Undaria prinnatifida in the subtidal zone. The composition of dominant species and pattern of the vertical distribution of algae in the present study were significantly different from the previous reports. Especially, distribution of crustose coralline algae was significantly extended.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.659-668
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• 2012

In Korea, almost every water treatment plant suffers from seasonal problem of algae and turbidity which result from eutrophication and heavy rainfall. To relieve this problem, experimental investigation was performed to study the applicability of a floating-media and sand filter to preliminary water treatment in terms of algae and turbidity removal. Experimental results using pure-cultured algae influent showed that the shape of algae species as well as filtration velocity affects the removal efficiency. From the experiments using natural river water, it was concluded that algae removal is more sensitive to floating-media depth but turbidity more sensitive to sand depth. As the filtration velocity increased, the removal of turbidity decreased but that of algae was not affected. The floating-media and sand filter removed more than 30 % of TP, TN, turbidity, Chl-a and CODcr, and less than 20 % of DOC and $UV_{254}$.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1980

1976년(年) 6월(月)부터 10월(月)사이에 경남(慶南) 충무(忠武) 일원(一圓)에서 비교적(比較的) 이용도(利用度)가 높고 생산량(生産量)이 많은 해조류(海藻類) 16종(種)을 채집(採集)하여 중금속(重金屬)을 중심(中心)으로 한 무기성분(無機成分)을 분석(分析)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 일반적(一般的)으로 녹조류(綠藻類)에는 철, 니켈 등의 함량(含量)이 높은 반면 갈조류(褐藻類)에는 납, 니켈 및 망간 등이 낮은 함량(含量)을 보였으며 카드뭄, 구리, 니켈 및 마그네슘등에서도 몇 가지 해조류(海藻類)가 특별(特別)한 함량차이(含量差異)를 나타내었다. 2) 카드뭄함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $0.58{\sim}1.04ppm$(평균(平均) : 0.85ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $0.32{\sim}2.10ppm$ (평균(平均) : 1.08ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $0.54{\sim}1.70ppm$ (평균(平均) : 1.04ppm) 이었는데 김, 미역, 다시마 등은 $0.3{\sim}0.6ppm$의 분포(分布)로써 예상외로 낮은 함량(含量)을 나타내었다. 3) 납의 함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $0.67{\sim}1.40ppm$(平均 : 1.03 ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類)$0.60{\sim}1.00ppm$(平均 : 0.82ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $0.56{\sim}2.40ppm$(平均 : 1.28ppm)으로써 어패류(魚貝類)에 비(比)해서 상당히 낮은 함량(含量)이었다. 4) 구리의 함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $10.8{\sim}24.2ppm$ (평균(平均) : 18.95ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $7.4{\sim}24.6ppm$ (평균(平均) : 18.16ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $6.4{\sim}31.2ppm$ (平均 : 19.94ppm)의 분포(分布)이었는데 몇 종(種)의 해조(海藻)를 제외(除外)하고는 전반적(全般的)으로 높은 함량(含量)을 보이고 있다. 5) 철의 함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $686.4{\sim}1,159.0ppm$(평균(平均) : 916.5ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $131.0{\sim}499.2ppm$ (平均 : 310.16ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $156.0{\sim}530.4ppm$(平均 : 248.2ppm)으로써 녹조류(綠藻類)는 다른 해조류(海藻類)에 비(比)하여 특(特)히 높은 값을 나타내었다. 6) 망간의 함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $48{\sim}221ppm$ (평균(平均) : 157.25ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $12{\sim}65ppm$ (평균(平均) : 41ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $72{\sim}162ppm$ (평균(平均) : 121 ppm)의 분포(分布)로써 갈조류(褐藻類)는 특(特)히 낮은 함량(含量)을 나타내었다. 7) 아연의 함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $191.3{\sim}451.1ppm$(평균(平均) : 290.05ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $89.9{\sim}374.2ppm$(평균(平均) : 202.64ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $106.4{\sim}281.4ppm$ (평균(平均) : 188.93ppm)이었다. 8) 마그네슘함량(含量)은 녹조류(綠藻類) $0.48{\sim}1.83%$ (평균(平均) : 1.27%), 갈조류(褐藻類)$1.04{\sim}1.71%$(평균(平均) : 1.21%), 홍조류(紅藻類) $0.42{\sim}1.24%$(평균(平均) : 0.97%)이었다. 9) 불소는 해조류중(海藻類中)에 특(特)히 많이 함유(含有)되어 있어서 녹조류(綠藻類) $29.2{\sim}92.7ppm$(평균(平均) : 53.03ppm), 갈조류(褐藻類) $33.3{\sim}43.5ppm$(평균(平均) : 39.18ppm), 홍조류(紅藻類) $32.4{\sim}59.0ppm$(평균(平均) : 44.84ppm) 이었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1980

The quantity of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) contained in marine algae collected in Onsan-myon on the east coast of Korea from March to December 1978 was determined as a part of the environmental base line survey of the Onsan Industrial Base. In general, green algae have a higher Cu content than either brown or red algae, and brown algae have higher As and lower Cu contents, while red algae have a higher Zn content. Significant differences between algal species in either Cd or Pb content were however not found.

• ALGAE
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2004

Farmed kelp gametophytes were previously observed to be living endophytically in filamentous red algae. The interactions of two farmed kelp species and six red algae were examined in laboratory culture. Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar and Laminaria religiosa Miyabe demonstrated the differing abilities of zoospores to become endophytic in four host red algae and neither kelp became endophytic in two non-filamentous red algae. There was a strong seasonal component regarding infectiousness that is associated with the changes in fron erosion in U. pinnatifida from April to June. At the same time, L. religiosa showed no significant changes in frond erosion, and there were no apparent changes in infection levels in the two species they were able infect. This study indicated clear differences between two keip species with regard to their symbiotic relationship to red algae in terms of host specificity and preference of kelp gametophytes.

• ALGAE
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.463-470
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• 2006

Studies have been made of the species composition and variation of benthic marine algae at subtidal zone of Uljin on the east coast of Korea. Destructive method was employed to measure biomass over four seasons (2000-2002). Of 87 marine algae species identified, 11 were Chlorophyta, 29 were Phaeophyta and 47 were Rhodophyta. Dominant species in biomass were Ulva pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum piluliferum in summer, Laminaria religiosa, Sargassum fulvellum and Gigartina tenella in autumn, Codium fragile, Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum horneri, S. piluliferum and S. ringgoldianum in winter, and Undaria pinnatifida, Dictyopteris divaricata, Sargassum confusum and S. horneri in spring. In general, green algae (Ulva pertusa, Codium fragile) and brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum fulvellum, S. horneri, S. piluliferum) appeared predominantly in the 3, 6 m depths and red algae (Gelidium amansii, Plocamium telfairiae) in the 9, 12 m depths. The barren ground of the rocky shore might provide the decrease of benthic marine algae biomass and species.

• ALGAE
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2023

Oomycete pathogens are one of the most serious threats to the rapidly growing global algae aquaculture industry but research into how they spread and how algae respond to infection is unresolved, let alone a proper classification of the pathogens. Even the taxonomy of the genera Pythium and Olpidiopsis, which contain the most economically damaging pathogens in red algal aquaculture, and are among the best studied, needs urgent clarification, as existing morphological classifications and molecular evidence are often inconsistent. Recent studies have reported a number of genes involved in defense responses against oomycete pathogens in red algae, including pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Accumulating evidence also suggests that calcium-mediated reactive oxygen species signaling plays an important role in the response of red algae to oomycete pathogens. Current management strategies to control oomycete pathogens in aquaculture are based on the high resistance of red algae to abiotic stress, these have environmental consequences and are not fully effective. Here, we compile a revised list of oomycete pathogens known to infect marine red algae and outline the current taxonomic situation. We also review recent research on the molecular and cellular responses of red algae to oomycete infection that has only recently begun, and outline the methods currently used to control disease in the field.