• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.261-282
• /
• 2024

This study proposed and evaluated electroencephalography (EEG)-based and eye-tracking-based methods to determine relevance by utilizing users' implicit relevance feedback while navigating content in a digital library. For this, EEG/eye-tracking experiments were conducted on 32 participants using video, image, and text data. To assess the usefulness of the proposed methods, deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) techniques were used as a competitive benchmark. The evaluation results showed that EEG component-based methods (av_P600 and f_P3b components) demonstrated high classification accuracy in selecting relevant videos and images (faces/emotions). In contrast, AI-based methods, specifically object recognition and natural language processing, showed high classification accuracy for selecting images (objects) and texts (newspaper articles). Finally, guidelines for implementing a digital library interface based on EEG, eye-tracking, and artificial intelligence technologies have been proposed. Specifically, a system model based on implicit relevance feedback has been presented. Moreover, to enhance classification accuracy, methods suitable for each media type have been suggested, including EEG-based, eye-tracking-based, and AI-based approaches.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.59 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of digital scans of implants according to different shapes of scanbodies, and to compare the accuracy of library merging according to different oral exposure height. Materials and methods: A master model with a single tooth edentulous site was prepared. For the first experiment, three types of intraoral scanbodies were prepared, divided into three groups, and the following experiments were conducted for each group: An internal hex implant was placed. The master model with the scanbody connected was scanned with a model scanner, and a master reference file (control group) was created. 10 files (experimental group) were created by performing 10 consecutive scans with an intraoral scanner. After superimposing the control and experimental groups, the following values were calculated: 1) Distance deviation of a designated point on the scanbody 2) Angle deviation of the major axis of the scanbody. For the second experiment, the scanbody scan data were prepared in 6 different heights. Library files were merged with each of the scan data. The distance and angular deviation were calculated using the 7 mm scan data as control group. Results: In the first experiment, there were no significant differences between A and B (P=.278), B and C (P=.568), and C and A (P=.711) in the distance deviations. There were no significant differences between A and B (P=.568), B and C (P=.546), and C and A (P=.112) in the angular deviations. Also, the scanbody showed significantly higher library merging accuracy in the groups with high oral exposure height (P<.5). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in scan accuracy according to the different shapes of scanbodies, and the accuracy of library merging increased according to exposure height of the scanbody in the oral cavity.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.42
• /
• pp.151-175
• /
• 2016

The game industry has evolved from mobile games to PC online games after the smart-phone industry was opened up. In this environment, the game industry has rather been negatively developing its commercials means than the sufficient fundamental entertainment to the users. Especially, many games were released with better graphic qualities yet poor originality, continuing to be popular without enhancing the market itself. Moreover, the user's recognition level has improved. The users share their online gaming experience easily with the development of network environment. They receive the feedbacks on the quality of the game through the online channels and media by sharing them together. The high margin of the game industry will lead to the negative feedbacks of the users, effecting them to critique the content although the market looks good for now. The game industry's evolution has to be reviewed in the perspective of users, to look back at the successful cases of the past before the mobile era by analyzing and indicating the quality of the games and content's direction. This research is focused on the success factors of from the user's point of view, which has been widely claimed as a popular game franchise publicly before the mobile games had risen. WOW has been the most successful MMORPG game with its user record of 1.2 million till now. For these reasons, this study analyzes 's success factors from the user's point of view by configuring five expert groups, sequentially applying expert group survey, interview, Jobs-to-be-done and Fishbein Model as UX methodologies based on the business model to see through its long term rein in the industry. Consequently, The success factors from the user side of MMORPG provides an opportunity for the users to interact deeply with the game by (1) using well designed 'world view' over 10 years, (2) providing 'national policy' that is based on the locations of the users' culture and language, (3) providing 'expansions' with changes in time to give the digging elements to the users.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.42-56
• /
• 2002

It is possible but not efficient to model and simulate asynchronous microprocessors with the existing HDLs(HARDware Description Languages) such as VHDL or Verilog. The reason it that the description becomes too complex. and also the simulation time becomes too long to explore the design space. Therefore it is necessary to establish a methodology and develop a tool for modeling the handshake protocol of asynchronous microprocessors very easily and simulating it very fast. Under this objective an efficient CAD(Computer Aided Design) tool SLEDS(System Level Event-Driven Simulator) was developed which can evaluate performance of a processor through modeling with a simple description an simulating with event driven engine in the system level. The ultimate goal in the tool SLEDS is to fin the optimal conditions for a system to produce high performance by balancing the delay of each module in the system. Besides SLEDS aims at verifying the design through comparing the expected results with the actual ones by performing the defined behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
• /
• v.31B no.11
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 1994

In recent days low cost, high performance microprocessors have led to construction of medium scale shared memory multiprocessor systems with shared bus. Such multiprocessor systems are heavily influenced by the structures of memory systems and memory systems become more important factor in design space as microprocessors are getting faster. Even though local cache memories are very common for such systems, the latency on access to the shared memory limits throughput and scalability. There have been many researches on the memory structure for multiprocessor systems. In this paper, an asynchronous memory architecture is proposed to utilize the bandwith of system bus effectively as well as to provide flexibility of implementation. The effect of the proposed architecture if shown by simulation. We choose, as our model of the shared bus is HiPi+Bus which is designed by ETRI to meet the requirements of the High-Speed Midrange Computer System. The simulation is done by using Verilog hardware decription language. With this simulation, it is explored that the proposed asynchronous memory architecture keeps the utilization of system bus low enough to provide better throughput and scalibility. The implementation trade-offs are also described in this paper. The asynchronous memory is implemented and tested under the prototype testing environment by using test program. This intensive test has validated the operation of the proposed architecture.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.48-58
• /
• 2001

After performing mandibular setback surgery, we found some changes in patterns and organs of speech. This investigation was undertaken to investigate the aspect and degree of speech patterns according to the amount of surgical setback in mandibular prognathic patients. Thirteen patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion were studied preoperative and postoperative over 6 months. They had undergone the mandible setback operation via bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO). We split the patients into two groups. Group 1 included patients whose degree of mandibular setback was 6mm or less, and Group 2 above 6mm. Control group was two adults wish normal speech patterns. A phonetician performed narrow phonetic transcriptions of tape-recorded words and sentences produced by each of the patients and the acoustic characteristics of the plosives, fricatives, and flaps were analyzed with a phonetic computer program (Computerized Speech Lab(CSL) Model 4300B(USA)). The results are as follows: 1. Generally, Patients showed longer closure duration of plosives, shorter VOT(voice onset time) and higher ratio of closure duration against VOT. 2. Patients showed more frequent diffuse distribution than the control group in frication noise energy of fricatives. 3. In fricatives, frequency of compact from were higher in group 1 than in group 2. 4. Generally, a short duration of closure for /ㄹ/ was not realized in the patient's flaps. Instead, it was realized as fricatives, sonorant with a vowel-like formant structure, or trill type consonant. 5. Abnormality of the patient's articulation was reduced, but adaptation of their articulation after surgery was not perfect and the degree of adaptation was different according to the degree of surgical setback.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
• /
• v.36C no.11
• /
• pp.64-74
• /
• 1999

A new clock skew optimization for clock routing using link-edge insertion is proposed in this paper. It satisfies the given skew bound and prevent the total wire length from increasing. As the clock skew is the major constraint for high speed synchronous ICs, it must be minimized in order to obtain high performance. But clock skew minimization can increase total wire length, therefore clock routing is performed within the given skew bound which can not induce the malfunction. Clock routing under the specified skew bound can decrease total wire length Not only total wire length and delay time minimization algorithm using merging point relocation method but also clock skew reduction algorithm using link-edge insertion technique between two nodes whose delay difference is large is proposed. The proposed algorithm construct a new clock routing topology which is generalized graph model while previous methods uses only tree-structured routing topology. A new cost function is designed in order to select two nodes which constitute link-edge. Using this cost function, delay difference or clock skew is reduced by connecting two nodes whose delay difference is large and distance difference is short. Furthermore, routing topology construction and wire sizing algorithm is developed to reduce clock delay. The proposed algorithm is implemented in C programming language. From the experimental results, we can get the delay reduction under the given skew bound.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.151-169
• /
• 2015

Social enterprises that are solving pressing global issues and providing services such as micro-finance, affordable housing, appropriate technology and education for the 'bottom of the pyramid' as well as cultural and community-related businesses that improve the 'quality of life' within a society are the target of impact investments. Among them, a capital financing is one of the most important factor in founding and fostering of social enterprise. However, the capital market for social enterprises in South Korea are not yet sufficiently developed. The Britain and U.S.A. attempted to solve the social problem by the introduction of the social innovation credit model, for example, social impact bonds(SIB), Big Society Capital, DBLIF, and ACCION International, which are considered as an innovative new financing instrument for social program. Instruments are being attempted for the first time in Britain and America. This study have two purposes. The first purpose is abstracting the institutional mechanism for introduction of impact investment such as SIB and DBLIF case in Britain and U.S.A.. Second, analyzing type and mix of policy instrument on impact investment from the perspective of policy instrument.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 1993

Radiosurgery requires integral procedure where special devices and computer systems are needed for localization, dose planning and treatment. The aim of this work is to verify the overall mechanical accuracy of our LINAC and develop dose calculation algorithm for LINAC radiosurgery. The alignment of treatment machine and the performance testing of the entire system were extensively carried out and the basic data such as percent depth dose, off-axis ratio and output factor were measured. A three dimensional treatment planning system for stereotactic radiosurgery has been developed. We used an IBM personal computer with C programming language (IBM personal system/2, Model 80386, IBM Co., USA) for calculating the dose distribution. As a result, deviations at isocenter on gantry and table rotation for our treatment machine were acceptable since they were less than 2 mm. According to the phantom experiments, the focusing isocenter were successful by the error of less than 2 mm. Finally, the mechanical accuracy of our three dimensional planning system was confirmed by film dosimetry in sphere phantom.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.240-248
• /
• 2009

Purpose: To provide a simple research tool that may be used to analyze a dose volume histogram from different radiation therapy planning systems for NTCP (Normal Tissue Complication Probability), OED (Organ Equivalent Dose) and so on. Materials and Metohds: A high-level computing language was chosen to implement Niemierko's EUD, Lyman-Kutcher-Burman model's NTCP, and OED. The requirements for treatment planning analysis were defined and the procedure, using a developed GUI based program, was described with figures. The calculated data, including volume at a dose, dose at a volume, EUD, and NTCP were evaluated by a commercial radiation therapy planning system, Pinnacle (Philips, Madison, WI, USA) for comparison. Results: The volume at a special dose and a dose absorbed in a volume on a dose volume histogram were successfully extracted using DVH data of several radiation planning systems. EUD, NTCP and OED were successfully calculated using DVH data and some required parameters in the literature. Conclusion: A simple DVH analyzer program was developed and has proven to be a useful research tool for radiation therapy.