• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.529-540
• /
• 2019

The present study investigated the effect of forage sources and their inclusion levels in diet on the rumen fermentation of Korea traditional goat. Timothy and alfalfa were used as forage sources. Forages were mixed with concentrate diet in different ratios. The ratios of forage to concentrate diets were varied to 1:9, 5:5 and 9:1. The rumen fluid of goat was gathered from slaughter house. Dry matter digestibility was decreased and methane production was increased as forage levels in diet was increased. When forage sources, timothy and alfalfa, were compared, groups with timothy showed greater methane production than the groups of alfalfa. Molar ratio of produced acetate and valerate were increased when forage level in diet was increased. In the case of propionate and butyrate, they were decreased as elevated forage levels in diet. The result of this study provided a basic information for rumen fermentation of Korean traditional goat and these information could be applied in the development of nutritional and feeding strategy.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2006

This paper describes a naturally occurring case of meningoencephalitis associated with Listeria monocytogenes in a 4 month-old Korean native goat. The goat was raised in a herd consisting of seventy goats, and fed on straw and leftover vegetables including onions, cauliflower, and bean sprouts. The clinical symptoms of the goat were depression, in appetence, anorexia, circling, and recumbency before death. No conspicuous gross lesions were found except consolidation of the lung. Histopathologically, severe multifocal microabscesses and perivascular cuffings were observed in the brain stem and mid brain. In addition, mild nonsuppurative meningitis in the cerebrum were seen in this case. The organism isolated from the brain stem was confirmed as L. monocytogenes using the biochemical tests and PCR assay. Based on clinical signs, histopathology, and bacterial isolation; we confirmed that this case was a typical encephalitic listeriosis.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 1999

The distribution of glucagon-immunoreactive cells in the pancreas during various developmental stages (fetus, neonate, 1-month-old, 6-month-old and adult) of the Korean native goat was investigated by immunohistochemical methods. The varying distribution and frequency of glucagon-immunoreactive cells in the pancreas of the Korean native goat were observed. The glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in both exocrine and endocrine portions (pancreatic islets) at all developmental stages and also in ducts of the 6-month-old and adult. The relative frequencies of glucagon-immunoreactive cells increased in the pancreatic islets and ducts with age, but decreased in the exocrine portions. Generally, they were distributed in the interacinar spaces or marginal zone of the pancreatic islets during all stages of development. However, the cell distributions of the pancreatic islets in the neonate divided into two types: 1) ones which were distributed in the inner zone, and 2) others in the peripheral zone.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 1987

A survey was performed on the outbreak of listeriosis in a Korean native goat in Animal Breeding Station of Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, Korea. Clinical signs in the affected goat were fever, dullness, inappetence, nasal discharge, slobbering, dysphagia, circling, incoordination, recumbency, unilateral facial paralysis, torticollis, dyspnea, spasmodic paddling movement of the limbs and death at 6 days after onset. No significant gross lesions were seen. The histopathological lesions were consisted of perivascular edema and cuffs by round cells and microabscess with infiltration of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages in the cerebrum. Gram-positive organism was observed in the microabscess lesions. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated exclusively from the brain tissue by cultural examination and the lesions induced by experimental infection with the isolate were characterized by severe conjunctivitis in rabbit and hepatic necrotic foci in mouse. This seems to be the first report of listeriosis in Korean native goat.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.787-795
• /
• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of goat and cow milk yogurts containing high-exopolysaccharide fermented by Streptoccous thermophilus LFG isolated from kefir. The pH of cow milk yogurt was higher than that of goat milk yogurt. The contents of lactic acid was greater in goat milk yogurt (743.9-1043.8 mg/100 g) than in cow milk yogurt (441.6-709.9 mg/100 g). The numbers of survival lactic acid bacteria were the greatest in goat milk yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG. Viscosity was greater in cow and goat milk yogurts cultured by Str. thermophilus LFG than in yogurts by Str. thermophilus TH3. Syneresis of yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG was 9.6-16.1% and 28.2-31.8% in yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus TH3 after 10 d storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Flavor compounds identified from goat milk were acetone, ethylbutanoate, ethyl-3-methylbutyrate, ethyl-2-butenoate and ethylhexanoate, and those from cow milk were ethylbutanoate, acetone, 2-heptanone and acetoin. Flavor compounds detected from goat milk and cow milk yogurts were acetic acid, butanoic acid, butanol, diethylcarbinol, acetone, diacetyl, decane, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, hexanal, 2-heptanone, acetoin, benzaldehyde, dimethyldisulfide, and dimethyltrisulfide. In sensory evaluation, overall preference and texture values were higher in goat milk yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG than in cow milk yogurts and the yogurt fermented by mixed culture resulted in the highest score.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.411-417
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate protein hydrolysis and the amino acid ratio among different cuts of goat meat, such as the foreleg, hindleg, loin, and rib, using an in vitro digestion model. The corresponding cuts of beef and pork were used to compare with the goat meat. The hindleg (8.32%) and rib (8.32%) had the highest levels of protein hydrolysis among the goat cuts. There was no significant difference in protein hydrolysis between goat and pork (8.57%), ribs (P > 0.05), which had higher levels of protein hydrolysis than the beef ribs. Before digestion, the glutamine (53.44%) and glycine (11.03%) ratios were highest in the pre-digested goat foreleg and loin (P < 0.05). After in vitro digestion, goat ribs had the highest lysine ratio (17.54%) among the different cuts, and the lysine ratio was significantly higher in goat ribs than beef ribs (P < 0.05). This study provides basic data on protein hydrolysis and the amino acid composition of different cuts of goat meat, which may facilitate the evaluation of protein digestion patterns and bioavailability.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.69-71
• /
• 1999

A case of chronic cholangiohepatitis associated with Eimeria spp. is reported in a 6-month-old, male, native Korean goat. The goat died after having a 1-week history of diarrhea, anorexia and weight loss. At necropsy, numerous multifocal to coalescing, pale and mottled red foci were present throughout the liver. Histologically, numerous coccidian parasites in both sexual and asexual stages were found in the intrahepatic biliary epithelia and bile duct lumens. Based on the light microscopic and ultrastrastructural features, the parasites present in the liver were compatible with the genus Eimeria ; however, the species was not speciated.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.3-6
• /
• 1966

Because the tumor occured on the udder of the goat that we had Fed in attachment pasture of our college, we operated tile goat's udder and extracted one tumor. The tumor was 180gm in weight, length, 10cm, width ; 8cm, thick, 6cm, The consequence we have h

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2005

ACE-inhibitory peptides derived from goat's whey hydrolyzed by various proteolytic enzymes were separated and purified for antihypertension materials. The highest ACE-inhibitory activity of goat's whey hydrolysates was 85.5 % by pepsin for 72 hrs. Also the highest ACE-inhibitory activity of goat's whey hydrolysates was F-4 by pepsin for 72 hrs by Sephadex G-25 gel chromatograms. F-4e and F-4ed from F-4 by RP-HPLC to first and second purification were the highest in ACE-inhibitory activity, respectively. The most abundant amino acid was leucine(I 8.54 %) in F-4ed of ACE-inhibitory peptides after second purification. Amino acid sequence of F-4ed of ACE-inhibitory peptides showed Leu-Lys-Asp-Tyr-Gly-GlyVal- Ser-Leu and Leu-Gly-Asp-Gly-Ala-Gly- Asp-Val-Ala-Phe. $IC_{50}$ calibrated in peptic hydrolysates(72 hrs), F-4, F-4e and F-4ed from goat's whey hydrolysates by pepsin for 72 hrs were 33.93, 28.75, 11.74 and 1.09 mg/ml, respectively. From the results of this experiment, goat's whey hydrolysate by pepsin was shown to have ACE-inhibitory activity.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.46-60
• /
• 2022

In this study, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEI) activity was evaluated in fermented goat milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fermented foods and breast milk. Furthermore, the potential for ACEI peptides was identified in fermented goat milk with the highest ACEI activity. The proteolytic specificity of LAB was also evaluated. The 2% isolate was inoculated into reconstituted goat milk (11%, w/v), then incubated at 37℃ until pH 4.6 was reached. The supernatant produced by centrifugation was analyzed for ACEI activity and total peptide. Viable cell counts of LAB and titratable acidity were also evaluated after fermentation. Peptide identification was carried out using nano liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and potential as an ACEI peptide was carried out based on a literature review. The result revealed that ACEI activity was produced in all samples (20.44%-60.33%). Fermented goat milk of Lc. lactis ssp. lactis BD17 produced the highest ACEI activity (60.33%; IC₅₀ 0.297±0.10 mg/mL) after 48 h incubation, viable cell counts >8 Log CFU/mL, and peptide content of 4.037±0.27/mL. A total of 261 peptides were released, predominantly derived from casein (93%). The proteolytic specificity of Lc. lactis ssp. lactis BD17 through cleavage on the amino acid tyrosine, leucine, glutamic acid, and proline. A total of 21 peptides were identified as ACEI peptides. This study showed that one of the isolates from fermented food, namely Lc. lactis ssp. lactis BD17, has the potential as a starter culture for the production of fermented goat milk which has functional properties as a source of antihypertensive peptides.