• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.555-567
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effects of self-esteem and empathy on university students' motivation for parenthood and their definition of parenthood. Participants were 1,492 students (male 581, female 898) from 19 universities throughout Korea. Results were: (1) The definition of parenthood was explained for motivation of parenthood (male $7{\sim}27%$, female $4{\sim}24%$) and empathy was explained for all the subfactors of motivation of parenthood except 'motivation for traditional norms' (male $4{\sim}16%$, female $2{\sim}13%$). Self-esteem was not explained as motivation of parenthood. (2) There was no mediating effect from self-esteem on motivation for parenthood or the definition of parenthood in any of the students. (3) There was a partial mediating effect of empathy on motivation of parenthood and the definition of parenthood. In male students, there were mediating effects in 'motivation for strengthening biological family ties', 'altruistic emotional motivation', and 'motivation for deepening marital bonds and perpetuating one's self'. In female students, there were mediating effects in 'motivation for strengthening biological family ties' and 'motivation for deepening marital bonds and perpetuating one's self'.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.749-761
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• 2014

Improving spectrum utilization efficiency is a fundamental goal of dynamic spectrum access technology. The definition of spectrum holes determines how to detect and exploit them. Current definitions of spectrum holes are ineffective in exploiting spatial-temporal spectrum holes. In this paper, a novel definition of spectrum holes is proposed, in which throughput loss indicates the impact of secondary users on primary users. The definition specifies spectrum holes, unifies the impact of secondary users on primary users and is effective exploiting spatial-temporal spectrum holes. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the new definition proposed in this paper significantly improves the spectrum utilization efficiency.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1958-1968
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• 2015

In this paper, a new definition of short-circuit ratio concept for multi-converter HVDC systems is proposed. Analysis results of voltage interaction between converters show that the reactive power-voltage characteristic of a converter has a dominant effect on voltage interaction level compared with its active power-voltage characteristic. Such a relation between converter reactive power and voltage interaction level supports taking the former into account in the definition of short-circuit ratio concept for multi-converter systems. The proposed definition is verified by the method of maximum power curve for various system configurations. Furthermore, a formula to calculate transient overvoltage for multi-converter systems is derived based on the proposed definition, and the efficiency of the derived formula is verified.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2001

In the western culture, the definition of infinity and finiteness developed into various features, being combined with classical Hebraism and Hellenism, and after modernism, it has been paralleled with natural sciences within the circle of its tradition, whereas the definition of infinity has been showed in Buddhism, the traditional religion, which has been handed down without scientific consideration, in the eastern culture. This is the most notable characteristics between two hemispheres. In this paper, I will show sameness and differences of these two cultures in terms of defining infinity. Also in terms of examining the definition of infinity and finiteness in the Buddhist principles which has been handed down since 600∼500 B.C. I will show how the definition of Buddhist infinity connect with the mathematical definition of today.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Phosphoric acid was used as etching agent instead of conventional peroxide - based chemicals for forming pattern of ultra definition display. Etchant was synthesized by mixing etching agent, oxidation agent, buffer solution, and additive into solvent, deionized water. Thicknesses of copper, main metal of ultra definition display, for etching, were 10,000 and $30,000{{\AA}}$. Etch stop of good low skew for proper pattern formation has been occurred at the content ratio of phosphoric acid 60 - 64%, nitric acid 4 - 5%, additive(potassium acetate) 1 - 3%. Buffer solution(acetic acid) decreased the metal contact angle $63.07^{\circ}$ to $42.49^{\circ}$ for benefiting pattern formation. Content variations on four components (phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, potassium acetic acid) of the etchant with storage time were within 3 wt% after 24 hrs of etching work.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.213-214
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• 2014

This paper compares two instantaneous reactive power definitions in DFIG wind turbine with a back-to-back three-level neutral-point clamped voltage source converter under unbalanced grid conditions. In general, conventional definition of instantaneous reactive power is obtained by taking an imaginary component of complex power. The other definition of instantaneous reactive power can be developed based on a set of voltages lagging the grid input voltages by 90 degree. A complex quantity referred as a quadrature complex power is defined. Proposed definition of instantaneous reactive power is derived by taking a real component of quadrature complex power. The characteristics of two instantaneous reactive power definitions are compared using the ripple-free stator active power control algorithm in DFIG. Instantaneous reactive power definition based on quadrature complex power has a simpler current reference calculation control block. Ripple of instantaneous active and reactive power has the same magnitude unlike in conventional definition under grid unbalance. Comparison results of two instantaneous reactive power definitions are verified through simulation.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.53-77
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• 2008

이 연구는 정 다면체를 학습한 경험이 없는 초등학교 5학년 수학영재 21명을 대상으로 정 다면체의 정의를 구성한 결과를 분석한 것이다. 학생들은 조별로 교구를 사용하여 정 다면체를 직접 제작하고(활동1), 이들을 관찰하면서 그 특징을 기술한 뒤(활동2), 탐구한 내용을 토대로 정 다면체의 정의를 구성하였다(활동3). 학생들이 구성한 정 다면체의 정의를 분석하여 정다면체에 대한 완전한 정의를 구성한 경우와 불완전한 정의를 구성한 경우로 구분하고 각 경우들이 수학적 정의의 필수 조건에 어떻게 부합하는지를 확인하였다. 특히, 학생들이 정 다면체를 관찰할 때 주목하는 요소와 학생들이 구성한 정다면체의 정의를 통합 분석하여 정의 구성 활동에 미치는 수학적 사고 요소와 수학영재 교육에의 시사점을 확인하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.21-39
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• 2021

본 연구는 유리수 지수 정의에 대한 교사의 이해 특징을 분석하여 교사 교육에의 시사점을 구체화하고, 지수의 확장을 지도하는 수업에서 정의의 본질 및 그 이면의 사고를 다루기 위해 고려할 필요가 있는 교수학적 쟁점을 밝히는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 지필검사 도구를 개발하여 현직 고등학교 교사 50명의 답변을 분석하였으며, 이를 토대로 유리수 지수 정의에 대한 교사의 이해 특징이 교사 교육에 주는 시사점 및 교수학적 쟁점을 기술하였다. 또한 이러한 시사점 및 교수학적 쟁점을 국내 교과서 전개 방식에 비추어 해석하여 수업을 통해 지수의 확장과 관련된 정의의 본질을 의미있게 다루기 위해 교사 및 교과서가 좀 더 주목할 필요가 있는 측면을 제언하였다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting family functioning of stroke patients. A descriptive survey research was conducted in which 65 stroke patients and their primary caregivers were conveniently sampled. Data were collected from July to September, 1998 through interviewing using a structured questionnare. The measuring instruments used were Barthel Index by Mahoney and Barthel(15 items), Quality of Relationship Scale by Archbold and Stewart(15 Items), Role Stress of Caregiver Scale by Yang(14 items), Situational Definition Scale by Lee(9 items), Family Hardiness Index by McCubbin, McCubbin. and Thompson(20 items), and Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACES-III) by Olson, Portner, and Lavee(20 items). The obtained data were analyzed using percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson coefficients correlation by SAS/PC program. The results were as follows; 1. Role Stress of Caregiver was not severe and Quality of Relationship was moderate. The level of Situational Definition of primary caregivers was not high but Family Hardiness and Family Functioning were rather high. 2. The following relationships between research variables and demographic characteristics of the primary caregivers of stroke patients were significantly different; occupation of caregiver between Quality of Relationship, occupation of caregiver between Situational Definition, family type between Role Stress, caregiving duration between Family Hardiness, caregiving duration between Family Functioning, and hospitalization days between Family Functioning. 3. The correlations between research variables were as follows; There was positively correlated between patient's ADL and Quality of Relationship. The relationship of the patient's ADL between Role Stress was negatively correlated. Quality of Relationship between Situational Definition, Family Hardiness, and Family Functioning were significantly correlated. The correlation of Situational Definition between Family Hardiness, and Situational Definition between Family Functioning were very high. As a result of these findings, Quality of Relationship, Role Stress, Situational Definition. and Family Hardiness were useful variables for identifying Family Functioning of stroke patients. It is important for the rehabilitation nurse to be knowledgeable about family functioning of stroke patients to promote rehabilitation process.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2004

This study describes process and method to establish concurrent and/or sequential schedule planning for the system design process of the EIA632 standard. For this purpose, the study suggest Process and method that are context analysis of standard process, interface definition from activity decomposition, integration of related activities, and definition of concurrent and/or sequential work flow. The proposed process and method will contribute to minimize time loss that is emerged from activities iteration.