• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.648-654
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• 2014

포도는 전 세계적으로 가장 많이 재배되는 과수 중의 하나로 포도 및 포도 가공제품에 대한 성분분석, 항산화, 항암 등 다양한 생물학적 효능 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 겨울처 전정되어 버려지는 전정가지에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 포도전정가지 추출물(GPSE)의 총 폴리페놀함량, 항산화활성, 미백 및 주름개선효과를 검증하였다. 먼저 HPLC분석에는 GPSE는 614.05 ug/g의 trans-resveratrol을 함유하고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. DPPH 라디칼소거능, ABTS 라디칼소거능 등의 항산화 실험을 통해서 대조군으로 사용된 BHA와 L-ascrobic acid에 비교하여 GPSE은 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 미백활성 측정을 위한 tyrosinase 저해활성 실험에서도 GPSE는 15.35%, arbutin은 1.48%로 GPSE의 미백효과가 높게 나타났으며, 주름개선 실험에서는 대조군과 비슷한 효과를 가지고 있는 것을 확인 하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 보아 GPSE는 trans-resveratrol 함량이 높은 천연항산화제로 기능성 화장품 및 식품으로의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 초임계 ASES 공정을 이용하여 인체내 및 피부에 여러 가지로 유익한 대표적 생리활성물질인 Vitamin-C의 불안정성을 극복하기 위하여 HP-${\beta}$-CD와의 포접복합체를 제조하여 수용액상에서의 안정성을 분석하였다. X-선 회절을 이용한 Vitamin-C와 HP-${\beta}$-CD의 결정성 분석으로 초임계 ASES 공정을 통하여 포접복합체가 용이하게 형성될 수 있음을 확인하였다. HP-${\beta}$-CD가 Vitamin-C의 안정성을 향상시키는 방법으로 이용될 수 있음을 확인하였으며, $25{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$의 온도를 유지한 pH 7.0의 50 mM 인산완충용액 상에서 순수한 Vitamin-C, 물리적인 혼합물 및 용매증발법과 초임계 ASES 공정을 이용하여 제조된 포접복합체의 Vitamin-C 겉보기 1차 분해 속도 상수는 각각 $1.45{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;1.41{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;1.34{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;0.20{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1}$로 초임계 ASES 공정으로 제조된 포접복합체의 경우 Vitamin-C의 안정성이 매우 크게 향상되는 것을 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 용매증발법을 이용하여 대표적 생리활성 물질인 Vitamin-C의 불안정성을 극복하기 위하여 HP-${\beta}$-CD와의 포접복합체를 제조하고 수용액상에서의 안정성을 분석하였다. Vitamin-C와 HP-${\beta}$-CD 간의 몰비를 변화시켜 제조한 포접복합체의 안정성 시험 결과 포접 몰비는 1:1로 추정되며, 포접복합체 제조에 사용된 용매의 유전상수가 커질수록 Vitamin-C의 안정성이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 3차 증류수를 용매로 하여 제조된 포접복합체의 경우 순수한 Vitamin-C보다 Vitamin-C의 겉보기 1차 분해속도 상수 값이 감소하는 것을 확인하였는데 이는 결과적으로 Vitamin-C의 안정성이 향상되었음을 의미한다. 따라서 HP-${\beta}$-CD와의 포접복합체 형성은 Vitamin-C의 안정성을 향상시켜 생체이용률을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였으며 불안정한 여러 생리활성물질에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 2002

본 연구는 제지류를 소각 처리할 때 발생하는 각종 휘발성 유기화합물에 대한 배출농도를 분석하였다. 실험대상으로는 일상생활에서 다양한 용도로 사용되는 제지류를 A4용지류 (A4 새종이, A4 잉크젯, A4레이져), 신문용지류 (콩기름 신문, 일반 신문), 포장용 Box지, 서류봉투류, 일회용 종이컵류, 화장지류로 분류하였고, 분류된 제지류의 수분함량과 소각시 발생하는 휘발성 유기화합물농도와 소각 재 함량을 분석하였다. 제지류 소각시 발생되는 휘발성 유기화합물을 Furan계, Aldehyde계, Aromatic계, Aliphatic Alkene계, Aliphatic Alkane계, Chlorine계, Ketone계로 분류할 때 가장 많이 발생하는 VOCs로는 Furan계로서 전체 배출농도의 57.4%였고, 그 다음으로 Aromatic계 (22.8%), Aliphatic Alkene계 (14.9%)의 순으로 놀은 평균농도를 나타냈다. 발생되는 휘발성 유기화합물 중 이중 결합을 포함하는 화합물 (Aromatic계, Aliphatic Alkene계, Ketone 및 Aldehyde계)틀의 상대적인 배출비중은 전체 배출농도에 대해 약 40.8%로써, 제지류의 소각에서 발생되는 휘발성 유기화합물의 40% 이상이 대기 중의 오존, 광화적 산화물 및 스모그의 전구체로써 작용할 수도 있을 것이다. 연구 사용된 전체 혼합 제지류 소각시 휘발성 유기화합물중 대표적인 발암성 물질인 Benzene, dichlorornethane, chloroform도 각각 60.5 ug/g, 0.8 ug/g 및 0.1 ug/g 정도 발생될 수 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서, 소형 소각로에서의 제지류의 소각시 상당량의 발암성물질도 배출되므로, 소형 소각로에서도 적절한 VOCs의 제어장치가 꼭 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 사용된 10가지의 제지류가 가지고 있는 평균 수분함량은 7.2% 정도로써 일반적인 도시폐기물의 제지류 수분함량 (4.5~10%)에 속하는 결과를 보였으며, 평균 9.0 %의 소각잔재 (BottomAsh) 함유량을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 제지류를 소형 소각로에서 소각시 유해 휘발성유기화합물의 발생에도 불구하고, 적절한 대기오염 방지시설을 설치한다면 소각처리가 폐기물 부피감소 측면으로는 상당한 경제적 타당성을 가지고 있음을 암시한다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.459-464
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• 2011

In this study, the canadian peat moss extract was purified by a supercritical ₂ using three different conditions and assessed its biological activities. Peat moss was extracted by acid-alkaline extraction method (sample 1) and purified by a supercritical $CO_2$ at $40^{\circ}C$ under pressure of 100 bar (sample 2), 120 bar (sample 3) or 150 bar (sample 4). We evaluated the antioxidant activities of the samples by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging, $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate (FTC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. The antioxidant activities were examined by comparing the results with that of ascorbic acid as a positive control. Sample 3 showed relatively higher DPPH radical-scavenging activities than other samples. The antioxidant activity by FIC method exhibited similar results as the DPPH radical-scavenging activities. On the other hand, sample 2 showed higher antioxidant activity measured by TBA method of all. The whitening effects of the samples were examined using mushroom tyrosinase and B16F10 melanoma cells. Sample 3 exhibited overall significant whitening effects, however, other samples showed relatively lower effects. These results suggest that the peat moss extract purified by a supercritical ₂ could be used as a cosmetic ingredient for the anti-aging and whitening effects.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2017

Background: Surgery for reconstruction of defects after surgery should be performed selectively and the many points must be considered. The authors conducted this study to compare the local flap and skin graft by facial location in the reconstruction after resection of facial skin cancer. Methods: The authors performed the study in patients that had received treatment in Department of Plastic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University. The cases were analyzed according to the reconstruction methods for the defects after surgery, sex, age, tumor site, and tumor size. Additionally, the authors compared differences of aesthetic satisfaction (out of 5 points) of patients in the local flap and skin graft by facial location after resection of facial skin cancer by dividing the face into eight areas. Results: A total of 153 cases were confirmed. The most common facial skin cancer was basal cell carcinoma (56.8%, 87 cases), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (37.2%, 57 cases) and bowen's disease (5.8%, 9 cases). The most common reconstruction method was local flap 119 cases (77.7%), followed by skin graft 34 cases (22.3%). 86 patients answered the questionnaire and mean satisfaction of the local flap and skin graft were 4.3 and 3.5 (p=0.04), respectively, indicating that satisfaction of local flap was significantly high. Conclusion: When comparing satisfaction of patients according to results, local flap shows excellent effects in functional and cosmetic aspects would be able to provide excellent results rather than using a skin graft with poor touch and tone compared to the surrounding normal skin.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.627-635
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• 2011

Purpose: Advanced breast cancer traditionally has been perceived as a contraindication to immediate breast reconstruction, because of concerns regarding adjuvant treatment delays and the cosmetic effects of radiotherapy to breast reconstruction, so delayed reconstruction is usually preferred in advanced breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. However, with the improved outcome using multimodality therapy, consisting of perioperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, immediate breast reconstruction is now being performed as surgical option for selected advanced breast cancer patients. Additionally, advanced breast cancer patients may be needed soft tissue coverage of an extensive skin and soft tussue defect after mastectomy. Current authors have experienced several types of immediate breast and chest wall reconstruction for advanced breast cancer. Methods: From December of 2007 to June of 2009, 14 women performed for immediate breast and chest wall reconstruction for advanced breast cancer. They had been treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by modified radical mastectomy or radical mastectomy. Four different techniques were used immediate breast and chest wall reconstruction, which are pedicled TRAM flap (4 cases), extended LD flap with STSG (3 cases), thoracoabdominal flap (4 cases) and thoracoepigastric flap (3 cases). Results: The mean age was 53 years and mean follow up period was 9 months. Patients' oncologic status ranged stage IIIa to stage IV. Two patients had major complications: partial flap necrosis of TRAM flap and one distal necrosis of thoracoabdominal flap. Three patients with stage IV disease died from metastases. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that immediate breast and chest wall reconstruction can be considered as surgical option for advanced breast cancer. But we need long term follow up and large prospective studies for recurrence and survival.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2009

Purpose: Substantial tissue necrosis after snake bites requiring coverage with flap surgery is extremely rare. In this article, we report 7 cases of soft tissue defects in the upper and the lower extremities caused by snake bites, which needed to be covered with flaps. Among the vast mass of publications on snake bites there has been no report that focuses on flap coverage of soft tissue defects due to snake bite sequelae. Methods: Seven cases of soft tissue defects with tendon, ligament, or bone exposure after snake bites were included. All patients were males without comorbidities, the average age was 35 years. All of them required coverage with a flap. In 6 cases, the defect was localized on the upper extremity, in one case the lesion was on the lower extremity. Local flaps were used in 6 cases, one case was covered with a free flap. The surgical procedures included one kite flap, one cross finger flap and digital nerve reconstruction with a sural nerve graft, one reverse proximal phalanx island flap, one groin flap, one adipofascial flap, one neurovascular island flap, and one anterolateral thigh free flap. The average interval from injury to flap surgery was 23.7 days. Results: All flaps survived without complication. All patients regained a good range of motion in the affected extremity. Donor site morbidities were not observed. The case with digital nerve reconstruction recovered a static two point discrimination of 7 mm. The patient with foot reconstruction can wear normal shoes without a debulking procedure. Conclusion: The majority of soft tissue affection after snake bites can be treated conservatively. Some severe cases, however, may require the coverage with flap surgery after radical debridement, especially, if there is exposure of tendon, bone or neurovascular structures. There is no doubt that definite coverage should be performed as soon as possible. But we also want to point out that this principle must not lead to a premature coverage. If the surgeon is not certain that the wound is free of necrotic tissue or remnants of venom, it is better to take enough time to get a proper wound before flap surgery in order to obtain a good functional and cosmetic result.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.583-590
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• 2009

Purpose: In the cases of a vascular compromised condition in an injured lower extremity, soft tissue coverage with free tissue transfer presents a challenging problem to the reconstructive surgeon. For this reason, cross - leg flaps are still used in unusual circumstances. Advances in surgical technique has made the cross - leg free flap possible although it may require long operation time along with significant donor site morbidity. Therefore, a pedicled cross - leg muscle flap may be an alternative treatment modality when local flap or free flap is not possible. Methods: Twelve patients(9 males and 3 females) underwent the operation between October of 2001 and December of 2008. The patients' age ranged from 6 to 82 years. The unusual defects included the regions such as the knee, popliteal fossa, distal third of the tibia, dorsal foot, and the heel. Indications for the cross - leg gastrocnemius flap are inadequate recipient vessels for free flap(in eight cases), extensive soft tissue injuries(in three cases) and free flap failure(in one case). The muscle flap was elevated from contralateral leg and transferred to the soft tissue defect on the lower leg while both legs were immobilized with two connected external fixator systems. Delay procedure was performed 2 weeks postoperatively, and detachment was done after the establishment of the adequate circulation. The average period from the initial flap surgery to detachment was 32 days (3 to 6 weeks). Mean follow - up period was 4 years. Results: Stable coverage was achieved in all twelve patients without any flap complications. Donor site had minimal scarring without any functional and cosmetic problems. No severe complications such as deep vein thrombosis or flap necrosis were noted although mild to moderate contracture of the knee and ankle joint developed due to external fixation requiring 3 to 4 weeks of physical treatment. All patients were able to walk without crutches 3 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Although pedicled cross - leg flaps may not substitute free flap surgery, it may be an alternative method of treatment when free flap is not feasible. Using this modification of the gastrocnemius flap we managed to close successfully soft tissue defects in twelve patients without using free tissue transfers.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 많은 생리활성 기능을 갖는 한천올리고당과 네오한천올리고당을 생산할 수 있는 agarase를 생성하는 신규 해양성 세균을 분리하고, 이 균주가 생성하는 한천분해효소의 특성을 조사하였다. 한천분해활성을 가진 신규의 SH-2 균주는 경상남도 남해군 연안에서 채취한 해수에서 분리하였으며, 16S rDNA 염기서열분석을 통해 Marinomonas 속 세균과 약 99% 유사하여 Marinomonas sp. SH-2로 명명하였다. Agarase는 Marinomonas sp. SH-2 균주의 배양액으로부터 추출하였으며, 한천분해활성을 측정한 결과, pH 6.0의 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer를 사용할 경우 30℃에서 최고 활성(170.2 units/l)이 나타났다. 하지만, 40℃ 이상의 온도에서 0.5시간 이상 처리할 경우 효소의 잔존활성이 40% 이하로 감소하는 것으로 보아 이 효소는 내열성을 가지지 않는다고 판단되었다. 효소의 가수분해산물을 TLC로 분석한 결과, Marinomonas sp. SH-2으로부터 생성되는 효소는 아가로스를 분해하여 neoagarohexaose와 neoagarotetraose를 생성하여 β-agarase로 확인되었다. 따라서 Marinomonas sp. SH-2와 이 균주의 한천분해효소는 식품, 화장품, 의약품 연구 등에 실용적으로 적용할 수 있을 것이다.