• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.531-540
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• 2008

This study, based on the college life style and the courage to make that the purpose of the design process of finding out the correlation. Chinese students study the life style can be categorized into 4 kinds. The courage to top a crowded bottom with a broad form of courage prefer to be brought down, getting smaller and smaller. Regular and relevant inclination stores are independent of trust. 2 as a whole are crowded with smooth curves and the courage to the asymmetric shape is preferred. Active investment, emphasis on foreign languages, tends to prefer shopping on the Internet were related.3 outstanding courage, just a little crowded in the cylindrical form is preferred. Trust the big stores, stores see the taste, his taste for products that are relevant to the tendency of pursuing said. 4, a lot of the colony gradient technique Protruding prefer to be in the form of courage. Home will, that tends to emphasize the brand and design were related. Home will, that tends to emphasize the brand and design were related. To recap the contents of the consumer lifestyle, based on the characteristics of their favorite cosmetics containers vary designs. Different forms, depending on their courage to feel emotions that can see the image. Therefore, the design in courage cosmetics on the characteristics of these granular for consumer research, the granular form of product research and the relationship between the elements in their care are made. The marketing strategy is in the consumer market, but needs more fine-grained analysis methods that can tell people.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.943-949
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• 2012

The content phenolic compounds in extracts from Rehmannia glutinosa was the highest in 40% ethanol extracts as $5.1{\pm}0.2mg/g$. DPPH scavenging activity of R. glutinosa extracts was high in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 85~93%, ABTS radical cation decolorization of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts was about the same as 55~62%, antioxidant protection factor (PF) was confirmed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 1.6~1.9 PF, and TBARs of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts were concluded to have the similar antioxidant effects. The hypertension inhibitory activity of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts from R. glutinosa indicated the activities as 87.2% and 81.1%, anti-gout activity was determined very low in R. glutinosa extracts and antimicrobial activity against skin microorgasm was confirmed, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was determined as 70.2% in 40% ethanol extracts, it was expected the whitening effects in 40% ethanol extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity which are related to the wrinkle cause was observed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 76.2% and 57.2%. The hyaluronidase inhibitory activity to R. glutinosa extracts was observed weakly in only 40% ethanol extracts of $200{\mu}g/ml$ phenolic content as 5.1%.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.783-790
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• 2020

The present study investigates the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Mangifera indica L. leaf extract. The total polyphenol content was measured using the Folin-Denis method. Results showed that the M. indica L. leaf extract of water and 70% ethanol showed a content of 440.83±1.02, 475.63±1.3 mg/100 g tannic acid equivalent. To assess antioxidant activity and electron-donating ability, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activity were measured, and all extracts were found to be highly efficacious. To assess cell viability of the extract from M. indica L. leaf on macrophage cells (RAW 264.7), a 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2- yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide assay was performed. The following experiments were conducted in section where cells was not shown of toxicity. In order to effectively determine anti-inflammatory activity, inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells was examined using a Griess assay. The result showed that M. indica L. leaf extract concentration-dependently inhibited NO production. M. indica L. leaf extract was measured using Western blot, reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that to find the production of pro-inflammatory factor on stimulated RAW 264.7 cells of LPS. According to the results of this study, the M. indica L. leaf extract showed excellent effectiveness in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, thus confirming its usability as a natural material and a functional raw material for cosmetics.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.338-345
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• 1993

Mandibular discontinuity defect due to benign tumor, malignant tumor, infection, or truma results in major esthetic and biologic compromise. The primary goal of reconstruction is full restitution of function, which secondarily lead to normalization of the cosmetic deformity. The authors make a clinical study of 61 consecutive bone graft cases for mandibular reconstruction of discontinuity defect which were studied retrospectively using clinical data and radiographic findings. The cases were reviewed to evaluate the clinical success in the period from 1981 to 1990 in the Dept. of Oral & maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The criteria of the success in bone graft, are no residual infection, graft in with maintain its integrity, and remain over a half of its original size of graft in the radiographic features. The purpose of this clinical survey is to study of the mandibular discontinuity defects and success rate of free bone graft in mandibular defects. To summarize the clinical study of free bone graft, the main type of autogenous bone graft is iliac bone and corticocancellous type. Overall success rate is 80.3% in 61 followup cases over 6 months. Wire fixation and Extraoral approach has realtively better prognosis than other methods. It showed relatively poor prognosis in symphysis defects than other recipient site.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.278-284
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• 2020

Magnolia kobus is known to exert various biological effects, such as antioxidant and hypnotic activity. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of M. kobus essential oil extracted using steam distillation. Its antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the paper disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Its anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring its inhibition ratio on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and PGE₂ in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Its composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that M. kobus essential oil exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus, with a clear zone of 18 mm and an MIC value of 0.25 mg/ml. Its clear zones against P. aeruginosa and E. coli were 14 mm and 17 mm, respectively, while its MIC values were 1 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The essential oil exhibited no cytotoxicity to the RAW264.7 cells at a concentration of 500 ㎍/ml while showing NO (37.7%) and PGE₂ inhibition (24.0%). Its three main fragrance ingredients identified were 3-carene (77.07%), β-elemene (6.92%), and caryphyllene (2.86%). The results suggest that M. kobus essential oil has potential as a cosmetic functional material with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

The rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloide was extracted with 100% ethanol and concentrated subfractions were separated with medium pressure liquid chromatography-based activity profiling. One compound was isolated from the subfraction 10 through the repeated preparative high performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC). According to physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including NMR and MS, the chemical structures of the compound was determined as nyasol (1). Nyasol was exhibited potent inhibitory activity for NO ($IC_{50}:12.5{\mu}g/mL$), tyrosinase ($IC_{50}:12.5{\mu}g/mL$), melanin contents ($IC_{50}:12.5{\mu}g/mL$), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) production ($IC_{50}:6.25{\mu}g/mL$). As a result, nyasol has an excellent inflammation-dependent anti-whitening and TARC production activity. It could be used to a large range of functional cosmetics.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2015

This study examined whether any differences were found in body comparison, body satisfaction, and appearance management behaviors according to socialcultural attitudes toward appearance among male and female adolescents in Gwangju and Jeolla province. It was conducted by a self-report survey of 598 male and female students in eigth and eleventh grades in Gwangju and Jeonnam province, South Korea. The collected survey data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Factor analysis, ${\chi}^2$ test, K-means cluster analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's grouping using SPSS/PC WIN 19.0 statical program. The results were as the following: Adolescents perceived and internalized more highly than the common level the socialcultural value toward appearance, especially for female, and by age, juniors in high school than in middle school. Socialcultural attitudes toward appearance could be classified into four categories: 'Accepted type', 'internal type', 'aware type', and 'unaccepted type'. Students who were classified as 'accepted type', and 'internal type' showed lower level of body satisfaction and compared their bodies more often with others. They also actively received appearance management behaviors. Therefore, they showed positive attitude toward cosmetic surgery and functional garments. They also worked hard to reduce their weights just to show off to others. In conclusion, it is necessary for education programs to protect self-esteem of adolescents from the socialcultural distortion to appearance.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.102-110
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• 2018

Debridement is a crucial component of wound management. Recent technologies such as hydrosurgery (Versajet), ultrasound therapy (the MIST therapy device), or plasma-mediated bipolar radio-frequency ablation therapy (Coblation) seem to represent interesting alternatives for wound debridement. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe, evaluate, and compare these three recently developed methods for the management of chronic wounds. In January 2016, an electronic database search was conducted of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Embase for articles concerning these three innovative methods for the management of chronic wounds. A total of 389 references were identified by our search strategy, and 15 articles were included. We extracted data regarding the number and age of patients, indications, operating time, number of procedures, costs, wound healing time, decrease in exudation, perioperative blood loss, bacterial load, and the occurrence of complications. The 15 articles included studies that involved 563 patients who underwent hydrosurgery (7 studies), ultrasound therapy (6 studies), or Coblation (2 studies). Six randomized controlled trials were included that compared the use of a scalpel or curette to hydrosurgery (2 studies) or ultrasound therapy (6 studies). Hydrosurgery, in addition to being a very precise and selective tool, allows significantly faster debridement. Ultrasound therapy provides a significant reduction of exudation, and improves the wound healing time. No comparative study dedicated to Coblation was identified. Despite the obvious clinical interest of the topic, our review of the current literature revealed a lack of prospective randomized studies comparing these devices with each other or with standard techniques, particularly for Coblation and hydrosurgery.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2015

Mammoplasty is currently increasing not only for cosmetic surgery, but as well as for the recovery after breast cancer surgery. The prostheses inserted into the breasts of women who have undergone mammoplasty, hide the breast substances and it is becoming increasingly difficult to diagnose breast disease, and fear is growing by the concern of the prostheses bursting by the strap. So we want to develop a strap applicable to women with prostheses inserted, to determine the usefulness, and we also want to compare the utility by comparing the total area of the Inner and Outer parts of the breast and Posterior Nipple Line (PNL), after obtaining video by applying the existing strap and the developed strap to phantom of the prostheses inserted patient shape. When the pressure by the developed pressure, the total area increased by 10.09% from CC view to $9,813.797mm^2$, 3.88% from CC-ID view to $7,621.531mm^2$, PNL increased by 3.41% from CC view to $90.916mm^2$, 1.64% from CC-ID view to$75.357mm^2$. And the breast tissue of the thorax side increased 3.53% from CC view to $177.725mm^2$, and 6.57% from CC-ID view to $152.510mm^2$, and we could verify that the prostheses were completely eliminated in the CC-ID images of developed strap, compared with the existing strap.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.938-944
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• 2018

This study evaluated tyrosinase, elastase inhibitory, and antioxidant activities of fermented Rhododendron micranthum Turcz. extract using a lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The optimum conditions for fermentation of R. micranthum Turcz. extract were $37^{\circ}C$ and 3% R. micranthum Turcz. extract for 3 days based on the bacterial cell number, total phenolic compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity. After culture for 3 days using 3% R. micranthum Turcz. extract, the cell mass of L. rhamnosus reached $5.7{\times}10^9CFU/ml$. The results indicated that R. micranthum Turcz. extract can be used for industrial lactic acid bacteria culture. After fermentation under optimum conditions, the total content of phenolic compounds of the fermented R. micranthum Turcz. extract was 157 GAE mg/ml, and the $IC_{50s}$ of DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory effects were 78.8, 79.8, 329.1, and $449.5{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The fermented R. micranthum Turcz. extract exhibited 1.2-, 1.3-, 1.5-, 2.4-, and 5.6-fold higher total content of phenolic compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory effects than the nonfermented R. micranthum Turcz. extract. These results indicated that fermented R. micranthum Turcz. extract using L. rhamnosus can be used for developing new natural functional ingredients for the health food or cosmetic industry.