• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2007

Remains of settlement are important sources of information in understanding the life style of the time and restoring it. This paper analyzed and studied the residential lives of the time including location of settlement, form and size, interior and change patterns based on Jangheung Sinpoong-ri Site. This study will have a meaning in that it deals with settlement in community well beyond the scope of previous studies which focused on settlement in small sizes and is expected to be a principle one about human residential structure.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.371-384
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• 2012

Objectives : The meridian system is a systematic complex of empirical knowledge, which functions as a basis of acupuncture treatment. In this article, we reviewed the visualization methods of meridian and acupuncture points through the investigation of the characteristics of Diagram of Meridians, Mingtang Diagram, Diagram of Meridians and Collaterals, Bronze Statues and Diagram of Bronze Statue. Methods : We investigated the characteristics of Diagram of Meridians, Mingtang Diagram, Diagram of Meridians and Collaterals, and Bronze Statues. We reviewed the visualization methods of meridian and acupuncture points in those classical Diagrams and analyzed their relationships among them. Results : In order to explain the meridian and acupuncture points easily, ancient people usually used drawings which are named Mingtang Diagram, Diagram of Meridians and Collaterals, by their own characteristics. Owing to their limitations of drawings on the 2 dimensional plane, Chinese people designed the Bronze Statue for Acu-moxibustion and its first invention was invented in Tiansheng age of Song dynasty. For several decades and centuries, these models and drawings were inherited, also reflecting variations of meridian system. As the Bronze Statue has a deficiency in the educational use because of its limitations of mass production, Diagram of Bronze Statue drawn on the 2 dimensional plane was invented. At the beginning of Mingtang Diagram, Diagram of Meridians and Collaterals, Diagram of Bronze Statue and Bronze Statue, their own characteristics were significantly differed with other diagrams and statues. We found that both diagrams and statues were gradually combined with description of the relationship between internal organs and the skeletal structure and the meridian system. Conclusions : Our findings suggest that Diagram of Meridians, Mingtang Diagram, Diagram of Meridians and Collaterals, and Bronze Statues are the basic form of data visualization, one of the infographics. We suggest that ancient Chinese people intend to explain the empirical knowledge using the ancient infographics of meridian system, but have limitations on reflecting theorical or abstractional meaning.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2002

Koganghong and Daeyami are two Bronze Age settlement sites in western Kyounggy Province in central Korea. The preliminary petrographic analysis of plain coarse potteries present differences in crystal size and composition of clay and temper which could have been derived from source or technique of preparation. For more concrete results, extensive quantitative analysis should be followed.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

It is not known in details for the A.D. period as the archaeomagnetic dating method to be fully facilitated in Korea but it has prepared for the revised shape of standard curve to trace the geomagnetic field variation, and there were cases to increase the survey on relics on the B.C. period to find out for the detailed archaeomagnetic field variation on the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. Furthermore, the survey cases on the relics on the Neolithic Age began to emerge a little by little archaeomagnetic field variation of the Neolithic Age through 34 pieces of the archaeomagnetic measurement data as making active advancement around mid-western region. Data is insufficient yet that it is difficult to find out the detailed trend of modification but it is estimated for approximate appearance. The archaeomagnetic field variation of the Neolithic Age made changes without breaking away from the scope of changes in the A.D. period as in the same way with the Bronze Age, and comparing to the variation of archaeomagnetic field for the Bronze Age, the magnetic inclination shifted within the scope of having almost no difference, but the declination is shown to skewed toward the east in its overall appearance. In addition, the comparison was made with the data of the Jomon Age in Japan and the archaeomagnetic measurement data of Korea has a little bit more depth for while the declination is skewed toward the east for 10 degree or more compared to those of Japan. However, in the part where the data is concentrated most intensely, the data for both countries has significant part to overlap to each other that the archaeomagnetic field variation of the Neolithic Age of Korea showed overall similar variation with certain partial changes when compared to those of Japan.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.98-119
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• 2021

This thesis aims to examine when the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju were carved and their nature. To achieve this, the relations between rituals and rock carving motifs are examined besides the nature of the archaeological monuments with carved petroglyphs. The investigation revealed that the figurative motifs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju, may have been carved during the Korean Bronze Age considering other examples of figurative petroglyphs from that period. It is reasonable to assume that the figurative animal motifs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju were used for rituals of fertility and rebirth as a subsistence ritual during the Korean Bronze Age. The Geomdan-ri Archaeological Culture Type is a strong candidate, having used both petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri and those of Bangudae, Ulju, since the Geomdan-ri Archaeological Culture Type has a higher proportion of hunting and fishing and lower proportion of rice cultivation in its subsistence than in the subsistence of the Songguk-ri Archaeological Culture Type. In contrast to the figurative motifs, the abstractive motifs, including the geometric designs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju, are generally accepted to have been carved during the Bronze Age. Although there have been some disputes over the symbolic meanings of concentric motifs, lozenge motifs, and other geometric motifs, they may be related to rituals for sun worship, ancestor worship, and fertility cults. Their meanings have been continuously reinterpreted.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.69
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• pp.5-40
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• 2007

The research against Youngdong area Bronze Age settlement structure the condition where the investigation against the area and the remains which are limited becomes accomplished and Only the dwelling site will be investigated from the early settlement of most and recognition there is not a possibility which it will investigate synthetically. The Early settlement to the time which reaches the size of the settlement is small and From Bangnae-ri phases the house possession area increases inside the hill and it follows on south and if dwelling site numbers under increasing, from the aspect where the size of the settlement is magnified seems and it is a position. The Middle settlement currently was confirmed as the beginning from the room village A ruins, it investigates a settlement structure to, the increase of data is necessary. Is Pottery with clay stripes, phases the Later Settlement which Dwelling site, Storeage, Earthenware Kiln, Ditch enclosure and Tomb, the Public dwelling site back large scale Pottery with clay stripes settlement of formation will be investigated from Bangdong-ri settlements which correspond to Songhyun-ri settlement which is a hill characteristic settlement which is located in rivers circumference and the higShland characteristic settlement to provide the data the cultural aspect and character and a settlement structure of Bronze Age postscript and it will be able to grasp.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.255-271
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• 2009

This study was examined interpretation of making techniques and provenance interpretation of raw materials for the potteries from the Nongseori site in Giheung based on archaeometric characteristics. The potteries are classified into three groups according to the archaeological age. The texture of Neolithic age potteries is sandy soil added a lot of temper such as talc and mica, and Bronze age potteries contain sandy materials which occur naturally include quartz, orthoclase, plagioclase and mica. On the other hand, Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries made of silty soil that sift out coarse minerals from the clay. But all pottery and soil samples in the study were very similar patterns with geochemical evolution trend. This result is sufficient evidence that all pottery samples were produced using the same raw materials from the host rocks around of the site area. The Neolithic age potteries had loose texture and fired probably about 700 to $760^{\circ}C$. The Bronze age potteries had experienced firing about 850 to $900^{\circ}C$. And Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries had compact textured and fired from 900 to $1,050^{\circ}C$. The making techniques of potteries are not represented discontinuation characteristics about the periodic time sequences, and are suggested that revealed a transitional change patterns for production techniques.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2021

We examined component analysis and lead isotope ratio analysis to find out the relationship between the excavation and the production site of 25 bronze weapons from prehistoric ages. All 25 bronze weapons are ternary alloys of copper-tin-lead and lead is artificially added. The lead isotope ratios of 25 bronze weapons show that bronze are made by raw materials in the southern regions of the Korean Peninsula, including northern China. The raw materials of narrow-shaped bronze dagger are supplied in zone 1-3 and northern China. In addition, provenance of lead for bronze halberd and pearhead are the rest of the region except for zone 1 and zone 4. Silver are enriched in most samples and zinc and cobalt are deficient. Arsenic and antimony detected only specific samples and can be used as critical parameter for provenance study. Lead isotopes and trace elements of archaeological bronzes will provide conservation scientist with useful tool to study the provenance of raw materials

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.62-74
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• 2023

Much attention has been focused on the Baekpoman area due to the archaeological achievements of the past, but studies on prehistoric times when villages began to form is insufficient, and the Bronze Age village landscape was examined in order to supplement this. In the area of Baekpo Bay, the natural geographical limit connected to the inland was culturally confirmed by the distribution density of dolmens, and the generality of the Bronze Age settlement was confirmed with the Hwangsan-ri settlement. Bunto Village in Hwangsan-ri represents a farming-based village in the Baekpo Bay area, and the residential group and the tomb group are located on the same hill, and it is composed of three individual residential groups, and the village landscape had attached buildings used as warehouses and storage facilities. In the area of Baekpo Bay, it spread in the Tamjin River basin and the Yeongsan River basin where Songgukri culture and dolmen culture were integrated, and the density distribution of the villages was considered to correspond to the distribution density of dolmens. In order to examine the landscape of village distribution, the classification of Sochon-Jungchon-Daechon was applied, and it was classified as Sochon, a sub-unit constituting the village, in that the number of settlements constituting the village in the Bronze Age was mostly less than five. There are numerical differences between Jungchon and Daechon, and the distribution pattern does not necessarily coincide with the hierarchy. The three individual residential groups of Bunto Village in Hwangsan-ri are Jungchon composed of complex communities of blood relatives with each family community, and a stabilized village landscape was created in the Gusancheon area. In the area of Baekpo Bay, Bronze Age villages formed a landscape in which small villages were scattered around the rivers and formed a single-layered relationship. Dolmens (tombs) were formed between the villages and villages, and seem to have coexisted. Sochondeul is a family community based on agriculture, and it is believed that self-sufficient stabilized rural villages that live by acquiring various wild resources in rivers, mountains, and the sea formed a landscape.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.82-82
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• 2003