• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2008

Producing Korean organic beef cattle costs a great deal because it needs breeding conditions like the organic feed, an uncontaminated breeding farm and so on. So the price of Korean organic beef (KOB) is more expensive than that of Korean general beef (KGB). To overcome this adverse price condition, a case production organization in Asan will choose direct marketing routes for consumers or the shop under direct management of the organization, or franchise shops. As a result, these marketing routes are expected to narrow the price gap between KOB and KGB. And consumers will accept the price of KOB if quality of KOB is very high level, for example the first grade++.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.1763-1768
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• 2001

The combined effects of low voltage electrical stimulation (ES) and early short-term temperature conditioning on meat quality of Hanwoo beef (Korean native cattle) during storage were investigated. Shear force was influenced by ES and aging. Combination of ES and the $30^{\circ}C$ conditioning resulted in higher myofibril fragmentation index and improved lightness. There was no substantial difference in drip loss among treatments but ES samples showed higher cooking loss than control. Negative effect on shelf-life was not found by early short-term high temperature conditioning. Therefore, the meat quality of Korean native cattle was effectively improved by the combination of ES and the $30^{\circ}C$ conditioning.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2005

유전자수준의 염기서열에 근거를 둔 유전자 감식기법을 활용하여 개체간의 유전적 차이로 한우육과 젖소육 혹은 수입육의 구별방법을 개발하기 위한 연구가 많이 수행되었다. 그 중 real-time PCR 판별방법은 기존 PCR의 단점인 허위양성을 배제시켜 그 결과의 신뢰성이 높으며, PCR 산물들의 제한효소에 의한 절단 및 겔에서의 확인 등의 과정을 생략시킬 수 있어 짧은 시간 내에 다량의 시료를 분석할 수 있고 민감도가 높아 쇠고기가 포함된 가공식품의 분석도 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구는 시중에서 한우로 유통되는 쇠고기(생육 또는 양념육)의 DNA를 추출하여 real-time PCR을 통해서 모색유전자의 유전자 형(C-type, C/T-type or T-type)으로 한우육과 젖소육 및 수입육을 구분하였다. 한우육만을 판매한다는 시중 음식점 41개소에서 쇠고기(생육 또는 양념육)를 수거하여 분석한 결과, 분석된 41개의 시료 중 29개가 한우 유전자형으로, 12개의 시료가 젖소 또는 수입육 유전자형으로 판별되었다. 따라서 분석된 시료들의 한우육(T-type) 비율은 $70.1\%$, 그리고 젖소육 또는 수입육 비율은 $29.3\%$(C/T-type; $12.2\%$, C-type; $17.1\%$)이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2001

The effects of light exposure and light intensity on surface color of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) beef and color stability of fresh normal and DFD (dark, firm, dry) muscles during 7 days at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ under three display conditions (Dark, Light1000 and Light3000) were investigated. The $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, $C^*$ values and R630-R580 were significantly (p<0.05) higher in normal beef than in DFD beef. The $a^*$, $b^*$, $c^*$ values and R630-R580 of normal beef increased during the first day of display except Light3000 group, then gradually decreased over time. The surfaces of Hanwoo beef accumulated more metmyoglobin in the light than in the dark. Also, the rate of decrease in redness during refrigerated storage was enhanced by light exposure and increase in light intensity. Discolorations were more rapid in DFD beef than normal beef. Increasing light intensity promoted not only discoloration but also lipid oxidation. Therefore storage in the dark is effective in retarding the formation of a brown color in Hanwoo beef.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.475-479
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• 1994

Postweaning performance data were obtained on 401 group fed purebred Angus calves from 24 selected sires (12 high and 12 low feed conversion sires) from 1983 through 1986 at the Northwestern Branch of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. A single generation divergent selection experiment was replicated four times (1983, 1984, 1985 and 1986) to obtain an realized heritability estimate for postweaning feed conversion. The 140-d postweaning period was divided into five 28-d periods. Realized heritability estimates for feed conversion by 28-d periods fluctuated greatly and demonstrated no particular pattern. Heritability was highest for the fourth period (between d 85 and 112 of postweaning period, 0.61). Thus, beef producers could successfully select for feed conversion.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2009

Marbling score (MS) is the major trait that affects carcass quality in beef cattle. In this study, we investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms of the adipose differentiation-related protein gene (ADFP) and carcass traits in Korean cattle (also known as Hanwoo). Using direct DNA sequencing in 24 unrelated Korean cattle, 25 novel polymorphisms were identified within all exons and their flanking regions of ADFP, including the promoter region (1.5 kb). Among them, 21 polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in the beef cattle (n = 425). Statistical analyses revealed that one promoter polymorphism (c.-56-18A > G) was associated with MS (P = 0.009). The 'A' allele of c.-56-18A > G exerted a lowering effect on MS, e.g., the lowest MS was found in 'A/A' (MS = 2.09 ${\pm}$ 1.23), intermediate in 'A/G' (MS = 2.11 ${\pm}$ 1.31), and the highest in 'G/G' (MS = 2.47 ${\pm}$ 1.47). Our findings suggest that these polymorphisms in ADFP might be important genetic factors involved in carcass quality in beef cattle.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2016

Vitamin D plays a vital role in maintaining blood concentrations of Ca and P. In lipid metabolism, vitamin D is also known to negatively affect the development of adipocytes, but it has received little attention with regard to improve marbling score in beef cattle via restricting its supply. Recently, the method of feeding fat soluble vitamins(including vitamin D)-deficient diets in Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) has been spread by feed companies and TMR plants. But proper guidelines in feeding vitamin D-deficient diets should be provided, otherwise it can adversely affect the health of cattle. To maximize marbling score, a controlled level of vitamin D in blood needs to be maintained and the proper period for feeding vitamin D-deficient diets should be provided. This review was conducted to highlight the regulatory effects of vitamins D on adipocyte differentiation, and provide information on improving beef quality grades in relation to feeding vitamin D-deficient diets in beef cattle.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권2_spc호
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• pp.350-363
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• 2023

Beef quality is characterized by marbling (marbling degree and marbling fineness), physiochemical (shear force, meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity), and sensory (tenderness, flavor, juiciness, taste, odor, and appearance) traits. This paper summarizes and addresses beef-quality characteristics and the beef-grading systems in Korea, Japan, the USA, and Australia. This paper summarizes recent research progresses on the genetic and nutritional factors that affect beef quality. Intramuscular (i.m.) adipose tissue deposition or marbling is a major determinant of beef quality. This paper addresses the mechanisms of i.m. adipose tissue deposition focused on adipogenesis and lipogenesis. We also address selected signaling pathways associated with i.m. adipose tissue deposition. Nutrients contribute to the cellular response and phenotypes through gene expression and metabolism. This paper addresses control of gene expression through several nutrients (carbohydrates, fat/fatty acids, vitamins, etc.) for i.m. adipose tissue deposition. Several transcription factors responsible for gene expression via nutrients are addressed. We introduce the concept of genome-based precision feeding in Korean cattle.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.277-288
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• 2015

Objectives: There are many hazardous agents at livestock farms. In particular, gases can be detrimental to both workers and animals. This study evaluated ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations in broiler hen barns and beef cattle barns according to sampling location and height. Methods: Three broiler hen barns and three beef cattle barns were selected for gas monitoring in this study. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations were measured using a direct-reading instrument which could measure the target gases simultaneously. Gas monitoring was conducted at human breathing height and animal breathing height at three points in each livestock farm. Results: Ammonia concentrations at the broiler hen barns ranged from 3.3 to 12.5 ppm by sampling location and height, but hydrogen sulfide was not detected. In the beef cattle barns, ammonia ranged from 3.1 to 16.3 ppm and low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were detected at some animal breathing heights. The gas concentrations detected at each livestock farm were significantly higher in the animal breathing zones than in human breathing zones (p<0.0001). Conclusions: We found a difference in gas concentrations between human breathing zones and animal breathing zones. Gas monitoring should be conducted to improve the related environment considering both workers' and animals' health and safety.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a very important viral disease virus in cattle, domestic and wild ruminants. The purpose of this study is to investigate the positive rate of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen by ELISA from Korean native and beef cattle reared in Busan area from March in 2013 to October in 2014. A total of 1,129 bovine blood samples were collected from 140 farms, 1,111 Korean native cattle of 135 farms and 18 beef cattle of 5 farms. Test for antigen was carried out by ELISA method. In general analysis, the positive rate of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen were 0.7% (8/1,129) cattle and 5.0% (7/140) farm. In regional analysis, the positive rate of BVDV antigen of farm in Kijang-gun, Gangseo-gu, Geumjeong-gu, Saha-gu and Dongnae-gu were 1.4% (2/94), 3.6% (5/37), 0% (0/7), 0% (0/1) and 0% (0/1), respectively, and the positive rate of BVDV antigen of cattle were 0.4% (3/770), 1.5% (5/333), 0% (0/24), 0% (0/1) and 0% (0/1), respectively. The positive rate of BVDV antigen according to sex were 0.6% (6/1,085) female cattle and 4.6% (2/44) male cattle. According to the age of cattle, the positive rate of BVDV antigen in 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years old were 1.9% (4/215), 0.4% (1/265), 0.9% (2/234) and 1.0% (1/103), respectively, but 4 years (0/198), 6 years (0/55), 7 years (0/24), 8 years (0/14), 9 years (0/10), 10 years (0/7) and 11-15 years (0/3) old were negative, respectively.