• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

Soil characteristics by site types (slope, topography and stand) were analyzed to provide the basic information for sustainable management of Nari basin in Ulleung Island. The content of total N of Nari basin was lowest at the north slope, this site had also significantly low soil pH and content of available P. The result of soil pH and content of total N analysis by topography, ranged from 5.13 of summit to 5.59 of plain and from 0.63% of plain to 0.87% of hill, respectively. Soil pH, content of total N and available P by stand were significantly different, which showed that stand types are more significant in explaining the soil properties. Available P content by slope, topography and stand ranged from 2.79 to 8.46 ppm, 3.99 to 8.46 ppm and 5.03 to 11.59 ppm, respectively. It was concluded that forest soil around Nari basin has relatively low available P content compared to other forest soil.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.277-293
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• 2009

Disagreement among the various publications providing lists of Korean endemic plants makes confusion inevitable. We summarized the six previous reports providing comprehensive lists of endemic plants in Korea: 407 taxa in Lee (1982), 570 taxa in Paik (1994), 759 taxa in Kim (2004), 328 taxa in Korea National Arboretum (2005), 515 taxa in the Ministry of Environment (2005) and 289 taxa in Flora of Korea Editorial Committee (2007). The total number of endemic plants described in the previous reports was 970 taxa, including 89 families, 302 genera, 496 species, 3 subspecies, 218 varieties, and 253 formae. Endemic plants listed four times or more were collected to compare the data in terms of scientific names and synonyms (339 taxa in 59 families and 155 genera). If the varieties and formae were excluded, the resulting number of endemic plants was 252 taxa for the 339 purported taxa analyzed. Seven of the 155 genera analyzed were Korean endemic genera. Among the 339 taxa, the same scientific names were used in the original publications for 256 taxa (76%), while different scientific names were used for 83 taxa (24%). The four largest families were Compositae (42 taxa, 12.4%), Ranunculaceae (19 taxa, 5.6%), Rosaceae (19 taxa, 5.6%), and Scrophulariaceae (19 taxa, 5.6%). Saussurea (Compositae) had the highest number of taxa within one genus (17 taxa; 5% of total endemic taxa).

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2018

갯까치수염은 앵초목 앵초과의 두해살이풀로 지상부가 고사하지 않고, 월동 후 봄까지 뚜렷한 윤기가 흐르는 잎을 가지며, 7~8월에 흰색 꽃이 피는 관상성이 뛰어난 우리나라의 자원식물이다. 이에 신 관상소재로서의 품목개발을 위해 관상 및 조경산업용 가치가 큰 갯까치수염의 지피용 작물로서의 재배효과를 확인하기 위하여 2017년 7월 31일부터 10월 9일까지 약10주간 실험하였다. 이식묘의 소질별 생육효과, 기비의 시비와 혼합상토의 조성 및 포트의 크기 등의 이식조건, 차광처리 및 추비시비 등 재배관리에 대한 효과를 조사하였다. 종자로 육묘한 이식묘의 소질로서는 200구 트레이에서 한 cell 당 2립씩 파종된 유묘가 지피용 갯까치수염의 재배에 적합하였다. 이식조건으로 코트비료의 기비는 하지 않고, 마사토:피트모스(3:1) 혼합 용토에 $300-200-200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$(N-P-K)의 비료분을 첨가한 토양을 충진한 4인치 포트에 이식하는 것이 생육에 가장 효과적이었다. 재배관리에는 차광처리를 하지 않고 배치하는 것이 50 및 70% 차광처리보다 초장, 엽수, 엽면적, 생체중 및 건물중 등 생육에 효과적이었다. 또한, $500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ hyponex 추비처리를 한 것의 엽수가 36매로 다른 처리의 15~26매 보다 많았지만, 엽면적 및 생체중을 고려할 때 지피식물로서 10주간의 재배를 위해서는 추비하지 않는 것이 적합할 것으로 생각된다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.56-56
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• 2018

가는잎향유는 우리나라에 자생하는 고유종으로 꽃이 아름답고 향이 좋아 관상 및 약용으로 사용되나, 무분별하게 남획되기도 하여 자원의 보호가 요구되는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 가는 잎향유의 종 유지 및 재배방법 확립을 위하여 종자를 이용한 육묘조건을 조사하였다. 연구 내용은 파종용기, 파종립수, 토양종류, 추비농도 및 차광정도 등을 각 처리별로 2017년 6월 2일부터 7월 31일까지 약 8주간 수행되었다. 가는잎향유의 종자를 162, 200, 288구 트레이 및 사각분에 파종한 처리 중, 162구 트레이 처리구에서 엽면적과 지하부 생체중이 가장 넓거나 무거웠으며, 파종립수는 한 cell당 2립 처리구에서 초장이 안정적이고 엽면적이 넓었다. 파종용 상토로는 피트모스:펄라이트(3:1) 처리구가 코코피트:펄라이트(3:1) 처리구보다 생육에 효과적이었으며, 비료는 혼용토에 $300-200-200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$(N-P-K)를 혼합한 처리구에서 발아율, 마디수, 엽록소 지수 등이 우수하였다. 재배관리는 추비는 hyponex를 농도별로 시비하였으나, 무처리구보다 생육에 효과적이지는 않았다. 또한, 재배시 차광처리를 하지 않는 것이 가는잎향유의 실생육묘에 유리하였다. 따라서, 가는잎향유의 육묘를 위해서는 피트모스:펄라이트(3:1) 혼용토에 비료를 $300-200-200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$를 첨가한 토양을 162구 트레이에 충진하여, 한 cell에 2립씩 파종하고 무차광 조건에서 재배하며, 추비는 처리하지 않는 것이 생육에 가장 효과적일 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.188-191
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of light, temperature, and priming treatment on the germination of Bidens bipinnata seeds for the purpose of cultivation of new vegetable crop. The results showed that the treatment of $25^{\circ}C$ yielded the highest germination percentages and the highest germination speed in both light and dark conditions. Light condition had no effect on the germination of B. bipinnata. Priming treatments demon-strated the following improved germination percentages: $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 0.1 M (68.3%), $K_3PO_4$ 0.1 M (63.3%), and $KNO_3$ 0.1 M (53.3%), with $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 0.1 M treatment giving the greatest improvement. Consequentially, the results suggested that $25^{\circ}C$ light condition, and $K_3PO_4$ 0.1 M or $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 0.1 M priming treatments would be effective method to improve the germination of Bidens bipinnata seeds.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.138-145
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• 2016

To find the optimal propagation condition for endangered Cypripedium macranthos Sw., also known as lady's slipper orchid, the effect of various organic additives on in vitro germination, protocorm formation and seedling growth was investigated during asymbiotic seed culture. When $100ml{\cdot}L^{-1}$ coconut water was added to the basal medium, the highest germination rate and protocorm formation rate were achieved, with 70.8% and 74.2% respectively. Supplementation of phloem sap from birch tree or maple tree also showed a facilitating effect to improve the germination and protocorm development. With $100ml{\cdot}L^{-1}$ birch sap or maple sap, both the germination and protocorm formation rates were roughly more than 65% and 68%. The roots and buds of the seedlings grew vigorously in the medium containing $100ml{\cdot}L^{-1}$ coconut water or phloem sap, in particular, their bud formation rates increased by more than 70%. Addition of banana powder and peptone could not create a more significantly favorable culture condition, and non-addition had the worst results. Our results demonstrated that proper organic amendments such as coconut water and phloem sap might be preferred to in vitro germination and the growth of seedlings developed from the protocorm of C. macranthos Sw. during asymbiotic seed culture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2004

Father, U. Faurie visited Korea (Busan, Incheon, Nampo, Pyongyang, Seoul, Wonsan, Mt. Geumgang of Gangwon-do, and Jeju-do) three times for his plant collections (1901, 1906, and 1907). During his plant explorations, Faurie collected many specimens which were investigated and studied by T. Nakai and H. L$\acute{e}$veill$\acute{e}$ later. Unfortunately all collection sites were simply described in his collection sites in Romanized character, so that it is difficult to pinpoint those sites using the current or old Korean map. From this study, many locality names were reviewed based on his own collections and literatures, and those were listed as the order of his collection dates.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.202-219
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the community structure of forest vegetation in Mt. Geumsusan belong to Woraksan National Park for providing basic information of ecological management. Data were collected by 41 plots from June to November in 2016 using Z-M phytosociology method, which was analyzed with vegetation types, mean importance value and coincidence method. As the results, the forest vegetation was classified into Quercus mongolica community group including Cornus controversa community, Castanea crenata community(Vegetation unit 3), Quercus variabilis community(Vegetation unit 4) and Q. mongolica community(Vegetation unit 5). C. controversa community was divided into two groups such as Ulmus davidiana var. japonica group(Vegetation unit 1) and Parthenocissus tricuspidata group(Vegetation unit 2). Mean importance percentage of vegetation unit 1 was showing Fraxinus rhynchophylla 14.9%, Morus bombycis 8.7% and Acer pictum subsp. mono 8.3%, that of unit 2 was Larix kaempferi 23.2%, C. controversa 20.1% and P. tricuspidata 6.5%, that of unit 3 was Q. mongolica 15.8%, C. crenata 13.4% and F. rhynchophylla 9.8%, that of unit 4 was Q. mongolica 26.6%, Q. variabilis 20.8% and Pinus densiflora 16.7%, that of unit 5 was Q. mongolica 48.3%, Styrax obassia 7.5%, F. rhynchophylla 5.3% in the order, respectively. Each vegetation unit was classified with dependance on environmental factors as 700m of altitude, $20^{\circ}$ of slope degree, middle slope of topography, 20% of bare rock, 30 taxa of present species, 80% of tree layer coverage rate and 20m of tree layer height. In conclusion, it was preferentially considered that development of peculiar and specific management methods with vegetation unit classified above should be needed for ecological and sustainable forest vegetation management.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2016

Drought tolerant species from 26 Korean native plants were selected using different physiological indicators. Arundinella hirta, Solanum carolinense and Carpesium divaricatum were withered after 8days of the stopping of irrigation. Plants except Kummerowia striata, Lespedeza cuneata and Ulmus parvifolia were withered in over 80% at 9-10days of the irrigation stopping. K. striata was withered after 10days, and L. cuneata and U. parvifolia were withered in over 90% after 11days of the stopping of irrigation. As stopping experiment of irrigation, A. hirta, S. carolinense, C. divaricatum, K. striata, L. cuneata and U. parvifolia were proved to be drought tolerant species. Among those plant species, transpiration rate of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame Makino was high as 0.042ml/㎠·4hr. However, unit transpiration rate of U. parvifolia and L. cuneata were 0.005 and 0.010ml/㎠·4hr, respectively. In testing of physiological indicators, leaf area and transpiration rate were different among plant species. Unit transpiration rate of U. parvifolia was lower compared with other plant species. L. cuneata, U. parvifolia, Kummerowia striata, Arundinella hirta and C. divaricatum were high in relative water content and low in relative water loss. As this results, L. cuneata and U. parvifolia. were identified as drought tolerant species.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 2010

The objective of our study was to investigate the major reasons for the different growth and visible injury on the needles of black pine growing in Ulsan and Yeocheon industrial complex areas, South Korea. After 12 years of growth, we collected climatic and air pollutant data, and analyzed soil properties and the physiological characteristics of black pine needles. Annual and minimum temperatures in Ulsan were higher than those in Yeocheon from 1996 to 2008. Ozone ($O_3$) was the pollutant in greatest concentration in Yeocheon, and whereas the $SO_2$ concentration in most areas decreased gradually during the whole period of growth, $SO_2$ concentration in Yeocheon has increased continuously since 1999, where it was the highest out of four areas since 2005. Total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity in Yeocheon soil were significantly lower than those of Ulsan. The average growth of black pine in Yeocheon was significantly smaller than that in Ulsan, and the growth of damaged trees represented a significant difference between the two sites. Photosynthetic pigment and malondialdehyde content and antioxidative enzyme activity in the current needles of black pine in Yeocheon were not significantly different between damaged and healthy trees, but in 1-year-old needles, there were significant differences between damaged and healthy trees. In conclusion, needle damage in Yeocheon black pine can be considered the result of long-term exposure to oxidative stress by such as $O_3$ or $SO_2$, rather than a difference in climatic condition or soil properties, and the additional expense of photosynthate needed to overcome damage or alleviate oxidative stress may cause growth retardation.