• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2008

목 적 : 1998년과 2005년 신체발육표준 제정사업 자료를 이용하여 2007년 소아청소년 성장곡선의 개발과정에서에 이용된 성장곡선 및 혈압분포 개발 방법론을 제시하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 성장곡선은 1998년과 2005년 자료를 이용해서 각 백분위수의 성장곡선 모형을 추정하고 LMS를 방법을 이용하여 최종 성장곡선을 생산하였다. 연령과 신장별 혈압 성장곡선은 2005년 자료를 이용하여 남녀별로 고정효과 회귀모형을 적용하여 산출하였다. 결 과 : 2007 소아청소년 성장곡선 및 혈압분포 표를 제시할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 2007년 성장곡선과 혈압분포 표는 현재 가용한 자료와 최신의 통계적 방법을 최대한 활용한 국내 최초의 결과로서 향후 지속적인 발전을 위한 논의와 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between heat-related illnesses developed in the summer of 2012 and temperature. Methods: The study analyzed data generated by a heat wave surveillance system operated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the summer of 2012. The daily maximum temperature, average temperature, and maximum heat index were compared to identify the most suitable index for this study. A piecewise linear model was used to identify the threshold temperature and the relative risk (RR) above the threshold temperature according to patient characteristics and region. Results: The total number of patients during the 3 months was 975. Of the three temperature indicators, the daily maximum temperature showed the best goodness of fit with the model. The RR of the total patient incidence was 1.691 (1.641 to 1.743) per $1^{\circ}C$ after $31.2^{\circ}C$. The RR above the threshold temperature of women (1.822, 1.716 to 1.934) was greater than that of men (1.643, 1.587 to 1.701). The threshold temperature was the lowest in the age group of 20 to 64 ($30.4^{\circ}C$), and the RR was the highest in the ${\geq}65$ age group (1.863, 1.755 to 1.978). The threshold temperature of the provinces ($30.5^{\circ}C$) was lower than that of the metropolitan cities ($32.2^{\circ}C$). Metropolitan cities at higher latitudes had a greater RR than other cities at lower latitudes. Conclusions: The influences of temperature on heat-related illnesses vary according to gender, age, and region. A surveillance system and public health program should reflect these factors in their implementation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.650-657
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to estimate average total fat and fatty acid intakes as well as identify major food sources using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VI-1 (2013). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Total fat and fatty acid intakes were estimated using 24-hour dietary recall data on 7,048 participants aged ${\geq}3years$ from the KNHANES VI-1 (2013). Data included total fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), n-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA), and n-6 fatty acid (n-6 FA) levels. Population means and standard errors of the mean were weighted in order to produce national estimates and separated based on sex, age, income, as well as residential region. Major food sources of fat, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-3 FA, and n-6 FA were identified based on mean consumption amounts of fat and fatty acids in each food. RESULTS: The mean intake of total fat was 48.0 g while mean intakes of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-3 FA, and n-6 FA were 14.4 g, 15.3 g, 11.6 g, 1.6 g, and 10.1 g, respectively. Intakes of MUFA and SFA were each higher than that of PUFA in all age groups. Pork was the major source of total fat, SFA, and MUFA, and soybean oil was the major source of PUFA. Milk and pork were major sources of SFA in subjects aged 3-11 years and ${\geq}12years$, respectively. Perilla seed oil and soybean oil were main sources of n-3 FA in subjects aged ${\geq}50years$ and aged < 50 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Estimation of mean fatty acid intakes of this study using nationally represented samples of the Korean population could be useful for developing and evaluating national nutritional policies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2010

Background: There are several active tuberculosis (TB) cases in Korean high schools each school year. The risk of transmission in schools is extremely high due to the considerable time spent in closed classrooms. We evaluated the control of latent tuberculosis infection in Korean high schools. Methods: When a student was identified with active TB, tuberculin skin testing was performed on their classmates and on students in their same school grade. When a student had a positive tuberculin skin tests (TST), they underwent follow-up testing with QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT). The manufacturer recommended a cut-off of 0.35 IU/mL to determine QFT positivity was applied. Results: A total of 131 pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients were included based on the criteria for screening TB contacts in the National Tuberculosis Control Program. Seventy-five (57.2%) students tested smear positive. TST were performed on 7,109 students who were classmates of, or in the same grade as, a TB patient. Of the contacts, 1,231 students (17.3%) were TST positive and they were screened with QFT. Six hundred-sixty-six (55.0%) of the tested students returned a positive QFT result and the rate of positivity was significantly associated with the increasing size of TST indurations (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The use of QFT resulted in approximately 45% of TST positive students not being given chemoprophylaxis.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.102-115
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• 2015

Objectives: A learning organization was designed and implemented on the basis of the selection criteria and essential elements of knowledge translation theory. Methods: The learning organization was designed on the basis of biosafety harmonization criteria and risk management strategy and was implemented as the learning organization for biosafety management by the National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. The effect of knowledge translation in the research institutions by evidence-based policy was verified. Results: The result of applying the knowledge translation theory involving all stakeholders showed a positive reaction in establishing and implementing biosafety management strategy and embodied risk assessment criteria and evoked sympathy with the necessity of learning and using of expert knowledge about risk assessment and risk management. All stakeholders initiated voluntarily action toward new human-network construction and communication between similar organizations. The learning organization's capability expanded the base of knowledge translation. Conclusion: These results showed that a learning organization could enhance the autonomous safety management system by diffusion of knowledge translation.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.255-255
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• 2007

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.950-955
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• 2008

목 적 : 새로 제정되어 발표된 '2007 소아청소년 성장도표'의 비만기준에 따라 우리나라 소아청소년의 과체중 및 비만 유병 현황과 추세를 분석하였다. 방 법 : '2005년도 소아청소년 신체발육 및 혈압표준치 제정사업'과 '1997년 소아청소년 발육표준치 측정조사' 자료를 이용하여 '2007년 한국 소아청소년 성장도표'의 연령별 체질량지수 95백분위수 이상이거나 성인의 비만 기준인 체질량지수 $25kg/m^2$ 이상인 경우는 백분위수와 무관하게 비만으로 정의하였다. 과체중은 연령별 체질량지수가 85백분위수 이상에서 95백분위수 미만인 경우로 정의하였다. 결 과 : 소아청소년(2-18세)의 비만 유병률은 전체 9.7%, 남아 11.3%, 여아 8.0%로 남아의 유병률이 더 높았다. 1997년에 비해 전체 1.7배(1997년 5.8%에서 9.7%) 증가하였으며 이러한 경향은 여아(1.5배, 1997년 5.5%에서 2005년 8.0%)보다 남아(1.9배, 1997년 6.1%에서 2005년 11.3%)에서 뚜렷하였다. 과체중 및 비만 유병률은 전체 19.0%, 남아 19.7%, 여아 18.2%였으며, 1997년과 비교 시 전체 1.5배(1997년 13.0%에서 2005년 19.0%), 남아 1.6배(1997년 12.4%에서 2005년 19.7%), 여아 1.3배(1997년 13.8%에서 2005년 18.2%) 증가하였다. 결 론 : 소아청소년의 과체중 및 비만은 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이며 특히 남아는 중.고등학교, 여아는 초.중학교 재학연령에서 뚜렷하였다. 이 시기의 소아청소년의 과체중 및 비만 유병 증가와 관련된 요인에 관한 후속연구가 수행되고, 이 결과에 근거하여 비만 예방 및 관리를 위한 방안을 마련하는 것이 필요하다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2013

Objectives: Mental health has been shown to be linked with certain underlying physiological mechanisms. The objective of this cross sectional study was to investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and brachial artery reactivity (BAR) in an understudied population: police officers. Methods: Participants were 351 police officers who were clinically examined in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Police Stress (BCOPS) study. BAR was performed using standard B-Mode ultrasound procedures. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Mean values of the difference between the baseline and maximum diameters of the brachial artery were determined across three categories of CES-D score using the analysis of variance and the analysis of covariance. p-values for linear trends were obtained from linear regression models. Results: The mean age (${\pm}$ standard deviation) of all officers was $40.9{\pm}7.2$ years. Women had a slightly higher mean CES-D score than men ($8.9{\pm}8.9$ vs. $7.4{\pm}6.4$) and a slightly higher percentage increase of BAR than men (6.90 vs. 5.26%). Smoking status significantly modified the associations between depressive symptoms and BAR. Among current smokers, mean absolute values of BAR significantly decreased as depressive symptoms increased after adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, hypertension, and diabetes; the multivariate-adjusted p-values were 0.033 (absolute) and 0.040 (%). Associations between depressive symptoms and BAR were not statistically significant among former smokers or never smokers. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were inversely associated with BAR among police officers who were current smokers and together may be considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease among police officers. Further prospective research is warranted.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2019

Background: Collisions involving workers and mobile machines continue to be a major concern in underground coal mines. Over the last 30 years, these collisions have resulted in numerous injuries and fatalities. Recently, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) proposed a rule that would require mines to equip mobile machines with proximity detection systems (PDSs) (systems designed for automated collision avoidance). Even though this regulation has not been enacted, some mines have installed PDSs on their scoops and hauling machines. However, early implementation of PDSs has introduced a variety of safety concerns. Past findings show that workers' trust can affect technology integration and influence unsafe use of automated technologies. Methods: Using a mixed-methods approach, the present study explores the effect that factors such as mine of employment, age, experience, and system type have on workers' trust in PDSs for mobile machines. The study also explores how workers are trained on PDSs and how this training influences trust. Results: The study resulted in three major findings. First, the mine of employment had a significant influence on workers' trust in mobile PDSs. Second, hands-on and classroom training was the most common types of training. Finally, over 70% of workers are trained on the system by the mine compared with 36% trained by the system manufacturer. Conclusion: The influence of workers' mine of employment on trust in PDSs may indicate that practitioners and researchers may need to give the organizational and physical characteristics of each mine careful consideration to ensure safe integration of automated systems.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.370-375
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• 2021

Objectives: The number of cases of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections has sharply increased in Korea, especially among young adults. In this study, an HAV outbreak in a facility for disabled people was investigated, and we found epidemiological differences both between 2 different generations and between generally abled and disabled groups. Methods: We analyzed the incubation period and attack rate of an HAV outbreak and investigated the prevalence of HAV antibodies among the staff and residents of a facility for the disabled. We performed a retrospective cohort study during the HAV outbreak, which lasted from February 8 to 25, 2019, including examinations of HAV antibody tests and post-exposure HAV vaccination for the staff or residents of the facility. Results: There were 9 confirmed cases in 2 staff members and 7 residents. Among 53 people (30 staff and 23 residents), except for the 9 confirmed cases and 1 staff member with a known history of HAV infection, HAV seroprevalence was seen in 16.7% of the staff under 40 years of age and 95.2% of those over 40 years of age, while the corresponding rates in the residents were 0.0% and 58.8%, respectively. Conclusions: This result implies that it is necessary to prioritize HAV vaccination for vulnerable groups and workers of residential care facilities.