• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.160-167
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• 2021

Rapid developments in technology as part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution have created a demand for educational technology (EdTech) and a gradual transition from traditional teaching and learning to EdTech-assisted learning in medical education. EdTech is a portmanteau (blended word) combining the concepts of education and technology, and it refers to various attempts to solve education-related problems through information and communication technology. The aim of this study was to explore the use of key EdTech applications in medical education programs. A scoping review was conducted by searching three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Educational Sources) for articles published from 2000 to June 2021. Twenty-one studies were found that presented relevant descriptions of the effectiveness of EdTech in medical education programs. Studies on the application and effectiveness of EdTech were categorized as follows: (1) artificial intelligence with learner-adaptive evaluation and feedback, (2) augmented/virtual reality for improving learning participation and academic achievement through immersive learning, and (3) social media/social networking services with learner-directed knowledge generation, sharing, and dissemination in medical communities. Although this review reports the effectiveness of EdTech in various medical education programs, the number of studies and the validity of the identified research designs are insufficient to confirm the educational effects of EdTech. Future studies should utilize suitable research designs and examine the instructional objectives achievable by EdTech-based applications to strengthen the evidence base supporting the application of EdTech by medical educators and institutions.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.519-527
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• 2019

In Korea, the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector has increased farmers' income and value-added agricultural products. Local governments, including Chungcheongnam-do, as well as the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, introduced the $6^{th}$ industrialization to the agricultural sector and operated various programs for the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector. Recently, the capacity of human resources for the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector became one of the important problems which might limit the effect of the $6^{th}$ industrialization in Korea. Chungcheongnam-do introduced an education program in 2018 to improve the capacity of people who work for the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector. However, researchers have rarely studied or discussed the current status of this education program. The aims of this paper were to analyze the current status of the education program for the $6^{th}$ industrialization in the agricultural sector through a survey, frequency analysis and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and to present a way to improve the effect of the education program. The results of this study are as follows: First, the students in the education program were generally satisfied with the lectures and achieved knowledge and social networking among the students. Second, practical lectures, including practice and field experience, need to be expanded for the students instead of theory lectures. Third, networking between students and experts should be strengthened.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.137-159
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• 2004

The next generation information appliances are those that can be connected with other appliances through a wired or wireless network in order to make it possible for them to transmit and receive data between them and to be remotely controlled from inside or outside of the home. Many electronic companies have aggressively invested in developing new information appliances to take the initiative in upcoming home networking era. They require systematic methods for developing new information appliances and sharing the knowledge acquired from the methods. This paper stored the knowledge acquired from developing the information appliances and developed a knowledge management system that supports the companies to use the knowledge and develop their own information appliances. In order to acquire the knowledge, this paper applied two methods for User-Centered Design in stead of using the general ones for knowledge acquisition. This paper suggested new product ideas by analyzing and observing user actions and stored the knowledge in knowledge bases, which included Knowledge from Analyzing User Actions and Knowledge from Observing User Actions. Seven new product ideas, suggested from the User-Centered Design, were made into design mockups and their videos were produced to show the real situations where they would be used in home of the future, which were stored in the knowledge base of Knowledge from Producing New Emotive Life Videos. Finally, data on present development states of future homes in Europe and Japan and newspapers articles from domestic newspapers were collected and stored in the knowledge base of Knowledge from Surveying Technology Developments. This paper developed a web-based knowledge management system that supports the companies to use the acquired knowledge. Knowledge users can get the knowledge required for developing new information appliances and suggest their own product ideas by using the knowledge management system. This will make the results from this research not confined to a case study of product development but extended to playing a role of facilitating the development of the next generation information appliances.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.193-209
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• 2010

It is library service innovation that leading change as cultural leader in advance of original technology of knowledge information, sharing and forming a new system, creating a new knowledge in feedback relationship, and constructing a specified unique library in active interaction. The purpose of this study is to provide public library a new vision based on pubic library 2.0 service model through library service innovation in digital knowledge information age. This study aims to improvement community knowledge information system of conceptual design based on public library 2.0. It is summarized as follows: First, library 2.0 service model is proposed with library 2.0 definition, principle and essential factor through literal and e-journal search. Second, application case is searched centering around library 2.0 cooperating technology of blogs, wiki, instant messaging, podcast, social networking, flickr. Third, public library new vision is proposed by definition and principle of public library 2.0. This study is conceptual design for next generation public library and is needed follow research for system implementation and test.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.61-72
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• 2020

Social problems, such as economic instability, aging population, heightened competition, and changes in personal values, might become more serious in the near future. Affective computing has received much attention in the scholarly community as a possible solution to potential social problems. Accordingly, we examined domestic and global knowledge structure, major keywords, current research status, international research collaboration, and network for each major keyword, focusing on keywords related to affective computing. We searched for articles on a specialized academic database (Scopus) using major keywords and carried out bibliometric and network analyses. We found that China and the United States (U.S.) have been active in producing knowledge on affective computing, whereas South Korea lags well behind at around 10%. Major keywords surrounding affective computing include computing, processing, affective analysis, research, user modeling categorizing recognitions, and psychological analysis. In terms of international research collaboration structure, China and the U.S. form the largest cluster, whereas other countries like the United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Spain, and Canada have been strong collaborators as well. Contrastingly, South Korea's research has not been diverse and has not been very successful in producing research outcomes. For the advancement of affective computing research in South Korea, the present study suggests strengthening international collaboration with major countries, including the U.S. and China and diversifying its research partners.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.116-133
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• 2002

Background : It is very common in Korea to take care of non-acute patients in an acute setting, due to the lack of long-term facilities. Long term hospitalization increase medical expenses and decreases the bed utilization, which can affect the urgent and emergent admissions, and eventually jeopardize the hospital financially. In this study, strategies for effective transfers to the lower levels of care, and to decrease the length of stay were presented by surveying and analyzing the patient's knowledge of the transfer needs, and the willingness to transfer those whose hospital length of stay was more than 30days. Method : The survey is subject to a group of 251 patients who have been hospitalized over 30 days in a general hospital in Seoul. Excluding those that were in the Intensive Care Unit and psychiatric ward, 214 in-patients were used as participants. They were surveyed from April 9, 2002 to April 17, 2002. One hundred and thirty seven out of 214 were responded which made the response rate 64%. Data were analyzed by SAS and SPSS. Result : Multi-variable Logistic Regression Analysis showed a significant effect in medical expenses, knowledge of referral system and the information of the receiving hospital. The financial burden in medical expenses made the patient 10.7 times more willing to be transferred, knowledge of the referral system made them 5 times more willing to be transferred, and the information of receiving hospital makes 6.5 times more willing to be transferred. Reasons for willing to be transferred to a lower level of care were the phase of physical therapy, the distance from home, the attending physician's advice and being unable to be treated as an out patient. Reasons for refusing to be transferred were the following. The attending physician's competency, not being ready to be discharged, not trusting the receiving hospital's competency due to the lack of information, or never hearing about the referring system by the attending physician. Conclusion : Based on this, strategies for the effective transfer to the lower levels of care were suggested. It is desirable for the attending physician to be actively involved by making an effort to explain the transfer need, and referring to the Healthcare Coordinating Center, which can help the patient make the right decision. Nationwide networking for the referral system is the another key factor that may need to be suggested as an alternative to decrease the medical expenses. Collaborating with the Home Health Agency for the early discharge planning and the Social Service Department for financial aid are also needed. It is recommended that the hospital should expedite the transfer process by prioritizing the cost and the information as medical expenses, knowledge of referring system and the information of the receiving hospital, are the most important factors to the willingness to transfer to a lower level of care.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.36-50
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• 2002

Health industry, a knowledge based high value-added industry, is being considered as a strategic area for the 21C and many advanced countries are making every endeavors for the promotion of health industry along with information technology, new materials, and mechatronics. Korean health industry, however, has been excluded from the governmental supports as well as bound by strict regulation so far, and there is a significant gap in technology compared with advanced countries. In 21C, technology is the main factor of national competitiveness and that is why the role of R&D institutes are so important in the high level of competition to cope with the technology protection policies of advanced countries. In this article, with Directory of Korean R&D Institutes published by Korea Industry Technology Association, I reviewed the trends of R&D institute of health industry. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows. The portion of health industry R&D institute is 3.6% of total R&D institute but the amount of R&D investment is over than 5% This means health industry are knowledge based and R&D intensified industry, meanwhile the variations of same industry R&D institutes of health industry is huge in R&D investments and other activities. Regional distributions of health industry institutes show some kind of different patterns in each industry areas. Medical devices and Medical informatics's preference of metropolitan region are distinguished with other industry areas. Many of the institutes are located in same site of it's company rather than operating separate building for R&D specific uses. It is better for transforming ideas to products and close cooperation of research body with product lines, but it is a handicap for networking and communicating with other research institutions too. It takes 18.4yrs for bearing R&D institute on the average. For a long times 'copy products' or 'me too products' policies were easy way to maintain business entities. But recently, it is recognized that research activities are essential component of sustaining it's own business firms. This means technology itself is leading power of corporation itself in the high level of competition.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2012

The Extension Program accountability will continue to be an influential force to develop agriculture and rural area. As we incorporate new approaches into our service program and respond to new domains of knowledge, we must also consider how our assessment strategies may need to change in order to meet local and other external standards. The main purpose of the study was to be what the best way of Extension Service is set farmers' educational needs met and to be what kind of methodologies and role of Extension system should provide for their faced problem solving effectively. The major results of the study on Farmers' needs toward Korean Extension Services are summarized as follows. First, it is observed that, when the farmers' perceptions were analyzed, the most ranked by the farmers' needs was "having nice extension workers to get advice and solve their problems on the farm in all at once." Farmers had especially more positive attitudes in the categories of interest and careers in ag-technology. To do services level up, the headquarter of Rural Development of Administration must be work with local branches to effectively deliver their missions and educational objectives to target crops and farmers group. And farmers were strongly needed "a specialized service team will be organized" to work closely with operating services for ag-products processing, packing and marketing. The recommendations were made by: farmers' needs should be identified and announced by computer networking development to solve their problems faster. Also, provincial and county level service members should have a chance to working at research institute or related work places with their incentives, which system will be easer to meet farmers' needs and deal with their problems so that the systematic approaches should be managed and recorded their educational attendings, education contents and even their farming corporations. Finally, Agricultural Extension Service should be met to general ag-technology literacy and be balanced with knowledge of other industries and be competitive service with better values in non-agricultural sectors.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

Objectives : This study evaluated knowledge structure and its effect factor by analysis of co-author and keyword networks in Korea's preventive medicine sector. Methods : The data was extracted from 873 papers listed in the Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and was transformed into a co-author and keyword matrix where the existence of a 'link' was judged by impact factors calculated by the weight value of the role and rate of author participation. Research achievement was dependent upon the author's status and networking index, as analyzed by neighborhood degree, multidimensional scaling, correspondence analysis, and multiple regression. Results : Co-author networks developed as randomness network in the center of a few high-productivity researchers. In particular, closeness centrality was more developed than degree centrality. Also, power law distribution was discovered in impact factor and research productivity by college affiliation. In multiple regression, the effect of the author's role was significant in both the impact factor calculated by the participatory rate and the number of listed articles. However, the number of listed articles varied by sex. Conclusions : This study shows that the small world phenomenon exists in co-author and keyword networks in a journal, as in citation networks. However, the differentiation of knowledge structure in the field of preventive medicine was relatively restricted by specialization.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.46-61
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• 2018

The mobile social networking application Instagram is a well-known platform for sharing photos and videos. Since it is folksonomy-oriented, it provides the possibility for image indexing and knowledge representation through the assignment of hashtags to posted content. The purpose of this study is to analyze how Instagram users tag their pictures regarding different kinds of picture and hashtag categories. For such a content analysis, a distinction is made between Food, Pets, Selfies, Friends, Activity, Art, Fashion, Quotes (captioned photos), Landscape, and Architecture image categories as well as Content-relatedness (ofness, aboutness, and iconology), Emotiveness, Isness, Performativeness, Fakeness, "Insta"-Tags, and Sentences as hashtag categories. Altogether, 14,649 hashtags of 1,000 Instagram images were intellectually analyzed (100 pictures for each image category). Research questions are stated as follows: RQ1: Are there any differences in relative frequencies of hashtags in the picture categories? On average the number of hashtags per picture is 15. Lowest average values received the categories Selfie (average 10.9 tags per picture) and Friends (average 11.7 tags per picture); for highest, the categories Pet (average 18.6 tags), Fashion (average 17.6 tags), and Landscape (average 16.8 tags). RQ2: Given a picture category, what is the distribution of hashtag categories; and given a hashtag category, what is the distribution of picture categories? 60.20% of all hashtags were classified into the category Content-relatedness. Categories Emotiveness (about 4.38%) and Sentences (0.99%) were less often frequent. RQ3: Is there any association between image categories and hashtag categories? A statistically significant association between hashtag categories and image categories on Instagram exists, as a chi-square test of independence shows. This study enables a first broad overview on the tagging behavior of Instagram users and is not limited to a specific hashtag or picture motive, like previous studies.