• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-64
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• 1998

Cooperative query answering is a research effort to develop a fault-tolerant and intelligent database system using the semantic knowledge base constructed from the underlying database. Such knowledge base has two aspects of usage. One is supporting the cooperative query answering process for providing both an exact answer and neighborhood information relevant to a query. The other is supporting ongoing maintenance of the knowledge base for accommodating the changes in the knowledge content and database usage purpose. Existing studies have mostly focused on the cooperative query answering process but paid little attention to the dynamic knowledge base maintenance. This paper proposes a multi-level knowledge representation framework called Knowledge Abstraction Hierarchy(KAH) that can not only support cooperative query answering but also permit dynamic knowledge maintenance, On the basis of the KAH, a knowledge abstraction database is constructed on the relational data model and accommodates diverse knowledge maintenance needs and flexibly facilitates cooperative query answering. In terms of the knowledge maintenance, database operations are discussed for the cases where either the internal contents for a given KAH change or the structures of the KAH itself change. In terms of cooperative query answering, four types of vague queries are discussed, including approximate selection, approximate join, conceptual selection, and conceptual join. A prototype system has been implemented at KAIST and is being tested with a personnel database system to demonstrate the usefulness and practicality of the knowledge abstraction database in ordinary database application systems.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.902-912
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of teaching based on analysis of a hierarchy of the concepts associated with astronomical observation as well as each learner's status of knowledge through analytical methods of the knowledge state. A test instrument was developed to measure high school students' concepts associated with astronomical observation before instruction. The learners' psychological hierarchy associated with astronomical observation that the participants possessed showed the order of 'motion of the earth${\rightarrow}$coordinate system${\rightarrow}$astronomical observation (mechanism of the telescope${\rightarrow}$installation of the telescope${\rightarrow}$observation through the telescope)', and so was the hierarchy of teaching (70.6%). The learners' knowledge state that is supposed to be similar each other in the ability of observing celestial bodies was different even through they scored the same on the concept test. There were cases with the knowledge state well-structured and not well-structured, which suggests that differentiated instruction with appropriate teaching-learning prescriptions be prepared. An analysis of the knowledge state can play the role of both preparing individualized learning prescriptions and formative evaluation. In the unit dealing with astronomical observation of Earth ScienceI, teaching according to the psychological hierarchy of learners rather than the order in which the textbook syllabi were presented scored significantly higher (p<0.05) on the level of concept achievements. This result suggests that the teacher can help students achieve more efficient in learning by analyzing the learner's knowledge state and reordering the syllabi of the textbook in teaching the concepts associated with astronomical observation.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.861-884
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• 2011

In this study, we developed and applied 15 evaluation questions about light to 30 middle school students in K University Science Education Institute for the Gifted. Then we used the theory of knowledge space and analyzed the middle school Science Gifted Students' knowledge state about light. By schematizing the hierarchy from it, we intended to not only measure students' knowledge state about light, but use it as the basic materials to improve teaching methods. To achieve the purpose of this study, we analyzed the evaluation results and individual knowledge state and hierarchy of questions. As a result, there were different knowledge structures in the individual, and we found that we should diagnose them differently. In addition, we have had implications that it has the connection with each questions and the individual knowledge state.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2010

High school students' understanding hierarchy of astronomical concepts and an individual student's knowledge state are analyzed by using the knowledge space theory that allows one to infer an individual's entire knowledge on a subject based on fragmentary information coming from that student's answers. The hierarchy of astronomical space concepts is: spatial position$\ll$spatial reasoning$\ll$spatial variation. In addition, an analysis of assessment materials using the knowledge space theory shows not only the relationship of assessment questions but also the knowledge state of individual students, which the current evaluation method is not able to reveal. Therefore, the assessment analysis of this study using the knowledge space theory becomes critically instrumental in providing information of an instructional differentiation amenable to individual learners for deciding their level of understanding and selecting suitable curriculum.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.129-149
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• 2021

Research on social hierarchy is a growing research topic in the studies of management and organization. Despite the abundance of studies demonstrating the relevance of social hierarchy in teams, little understanding exists for status disagreement among team members, specifically how status disagreement reduces team members' contributions to influence team performance. This conceptual study argues that team status disagreement negatively impacts team performance through reduced team member's knowledge contribution, including reduced team knowledge sharing and increased knowledge hiding. In addition, we propose that team skill differentiation aggravates the negative effect of status disagreement, such that when team skill differentiation is high, teams under high status disagreement are more likely to experience detracted team performance. This research mainly discusses status disagreement and its effect on team knowledge contributions by reviewing previous literature and developing several propositions, suggests theoretical contributions and practical implications, and presents an agenda for future research.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.230-239
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• 2011

This study developed examination test tools for concepts of weather changes of middle school students, analyzed the hierarchy of concepts associated with weather changes by means of knowledge state analysis method, and examined the knowledge state and lesson effects of each individual learner. The hierarchy of the knowledge state of concepts of middle school students associated with weather changes followed the steps of 'humidity ${\rightarrow}$ air mass ${\rightarrow}$ cloud ${\rightarrow}$ precipitation ${\rightarrow}$ front ${\rightarrow}$ weather'. Cases were identified where the knowledge state of students that was thought to be similar to each other among the group of students who have scored almost the same points and thus were thought to have almost the same learning ability, have turned out different in the knowledge state from each other. Namely, the level of knowledge state structuralized differed, suggesting that differing prescriptions should be made according to the knowledge state of each student concerned. Analysis of the knowledge state of learners helps prepare learning prescriptions for each student and appraise prior learning. To examine effects of teaching-learning that has taken into consideration the hierarchy of knowledge state and concepts, lessons were conducted in comparison with the order in which syllabuses are presented in the textbooks, with the result that when knowledge state of learners have been taken into consideration, students made scores significantly higher (p < .05) than otherwise. This indicates that in introducing the unit of weather changes better teaching and learning can be achieved by reordering the contents of subject matters of the textbook by grasping the knowledge state of learners.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.73-81
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• 2003

A firm is very difficult to find sustainable competitive weapons due to global competition and rapid changes in business environments. As a sequence, an increasing number of organizations are focusing their attention on utilizing knowledge management which can effectively disperse, share, and create information and knowledge. Therefore, this study is purposed to investigate success factors of knowledge management through AHP techniques, to analyze the relative importance among success factors, and to contribute to the organizations which have a plan to introduce KMS by providing theoretical background.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.133-141
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• 2013

As a work analysis technique, Work Domain Analysis (WDA) aims to identify the design knowledge structure of a work domain that human operators interact with through human-system interfaces. Abstraction hierarchy (AH) is a multi-level, hierarchical knowledge representation framework for modeling the functional structure of any kinds of systems. Thus, WDA based on AH aims to identify the functional knowledge structure of a work domain. AH has been used in a range of work domains and problems to model their functional knowledge structure and has proven its generality and usefulness. However, many of researchers and system designers have reported that it is never easy to understand the concepts underlying AH and use it effectively for WDA. This would be because WDA is a form of work analysis that is different from other types of work analysis techniques such as task analysis and AH has several unique characteristics that are differentiated from other types of function analysis techniques used in systems engineering. With this issue in mind, this paper introduces the concepts of WDA based on AH and offers a comprehensive list of references. Next, this paper proposes a set of principles for effectively applying AH for work domain analysis, which are developed based on the author's experiences, consultation with experts, and literature reviews.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2003

In managing organizational tacit knowledge, recent researches have shown that it is more applicable in many ways to provide expert search mechanisms in KMS to pinpoint experts in the organizations with searched expertise. In this paper, we propose an intelligent expert search framework to provide search capabilities for experts in similar or related fields according to the user′s information needs. In enabling intelligent expert searches, Fuzzy Abstraction Hierarchy (FAH) framework has been adopted, through which finding experts with similar or related expertise is possible according to the subject field hierarchy defined in the system. To improve FAH, a text categorization approach called Vector Space Model is utilized. To test applicability and practicality of the proposed framework, the prototype system, "Knowledge Portal for Researchers in Science and Technology" sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Korea, was developed.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.73-79
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• 2003

In managing organizational tacit knowledge, recent researches have shown that it is more applicable in many ways to provide expert search mechanisms in KMS to pinpoint experts in the organizations with searched expertise. In this paper, we propose an intelligent expert search framework to provide search capabilities for experts in similar or related fields according to the user's information needs. In enabling intelligent expert searches, Fuzzy Abstraction Hierarchy (FAH) framework has been adopted, through which finding experts with similar or related expertise is possible according to the subject field hierarchy defined in the system. To improve FAH, a text categorization approach called Vector Space Model is utilized. To test applicability and practicality of the proposed framework, the prototype system, "Knowledge Portal for Researchers in Science and Technology" sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Korea, was developed.