• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.84-91
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• 2020

In this study, we investigated the elements of knowledge and information processing competence of science inquiry activities in grades 3-6 science textbooks. For this purpose, the elements of knowledge and information processing competence were extracted and a framework for analysis was created. Analysis of eight science textbooks for grades 3-6 in elementary school was carried out using the analysis framework. The following results were obtained by the analysis framework: First, we divided the knowledge and information processing competence into five elements: 'collection,' 'analysis,' 'expression,' 'selection,' and 'evaluation.' Second, the elements of knowledge and information processing competence of science inquiry activity of elementary science textbooks were not evenly composed. The science inquiry activities of elementary science textbooks focused on 'collection' and 'analysis' among the five elements of the knowledge and information processing competence, followed by 'expression,' 'selection,' and 'evaluation.' As a result, we found that a science inquiry model or a science instruction model is needed to develop the knowledge and information processing competence in elementary school science curriculum.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.81-98
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Hallyu(Korean Wave) and marketing mix elements on brand equity based on the Korean cosmetic brand in China Market. It will provide the constructive suggestions to build Korea brand equity in overseas market through empirical research. At the beginning of this study, in order to analyze the effect of Hallyu and marketing mix elements on brand equity, we studied literature reviews on relationships between brand equity and marketing mix elements, culture, Hallyu and its influences on marketing. And then, we set up the research model, hypotheses and variables. The chosen variables to investigate are price premium, price deals, store image, distribution intensity, advertising, Hallyu, perceived quality, brand loyalty, brand awareness/associations, and brand equity. The results of the study reveal that Hallyu and advertising had a positive influence on perceived quality, brand loyalty and brand awareness/associations, but the other marketing elements had partial influence. All of perceived quality, brand loyalty and brand awareness/associations showed positive effects on brand equity. Additionally, theoretical and managerial implications of brand equity and Hallyu based on the results of this study are discussed. And limitations and future research issues are also presented.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.460-467
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• 2021

Among the formative elements, color and form are the most critical elements that can capture a person's perspective. Companies are concentrating on developing visual perception-oriented products by accommodating the diverse needs of consumers, where the emotional factor plays as an important design consideration. Accordingly, the visual perception reaction of consumers was analyzed through a questionnaire focusing on color and form. The result finds that, when Ernst Gombrich (1909-2001) perceives objects in questionnaires related to personal preferences for color and form, humans do not rely solely on the eyes, but describes with the knowledge diagram through that knowledge. In doing so, the knowledge that we already know plays a part to describe the object. In addition, colors and forms are recognized by combining the social and cultural information experiences of the perceiver with the learned knowledge. In the future studies that define the interrelationships of the formative elements should be continued through the analysis of more complex and clear visual perception characteristics of the formative elements.

• Healthcare Informatics Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.376-380
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• 2018

Objectives: This research presents the design and development of a software architecture using natural language processing tools and the use of an ontology of knowledge as a knowledge base. Methods: The software extracts, manages and represents the knowledge of a text in natural language. A corpus of more than 200 medical domain documents from the general medicine and palliative care areas was validated, demonstrating relevant knowledge elements for physicians. Results: Indicators for precision, recall and F-measure were applied. An ontology was created called the knowledge elements of the medical domain to manipulate patient information, which can be read or accessed from any other software platform. Conclusions: The developed software architecture extracts the medical knowledge of the clinical histories of patients from two different corpora. The architecture was validated using the metrics of information extraction systems.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.33-56
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• 2010

The current business environment has been characterized as less munificent, highly uncertain and constantly evolving. In this environment, the company with dynamic capability is reported to be more successful than others in building competitive advantage. Dynamic capability focuses on the link between a dynamically changing environment, strategic agility, architectural reconfiguration, and value creation. Being characterized to be flexible and adaptive to market circumstance changes, an organization with dynamic capability is described to have high resource fluidity, which represents business process, resource allocation, human resource management and incentives that make business transformation faster and easier. Successful redeployment of the resources for dynamic adaptation requires organizational forms and reward systems to be well aligned with firm's technological infrastructures and business process. The alignment is considered to be an executive level commitment. Building dynamic capability is knowledge driven; relying on new knowledge to reconfigure firm's resources. Past studies established the link between the effective execution of a knowledge-focused strategy and relevant setting of architectural elements such as human resources, structure, process and information systems. They do not, however, describe in detail the underlying processes by which architectural elements are adjusted in coordinated manners to build knowledge-driven dynamic capability. In fact, understandings of these processes are one of the top issues in IT management. This study analyzed how a Korean corporation with a knowledge-focused strategy aligned its architectural elements to develop the dynamic capability and thus create value in the dynamically changing markets. When the Korean economy was in crisis, the company implemented a knowledge-focused strategy, restructured the organization's architecture by which human and knowledge resources are identified, structured, integrated and coordinated to identify and seize market opportunity. Specifically, the following architectural elements were reconfigured: human resource, decision rights, reward and evaluation systems, process, and IT infrastructure. As indicated by sales growth, the reconfiguration helped the company create value under an extremely turbulent environment. According to Ancona et al. (2001), depending on the types of lenses the organization uses, different types of architecture will emerge. For example, if an organization uses political lenses focusing on power, influence, and conflict. the architecture that leverage power and negotiate across multiple interest groups would emerge. Similarly, if an organization uses economic lenses focusing on the rational behavior of organizational actors making choices based on the costs and benefits of action, organizational architecture should be designed to motivate and provide incentives for the actors (Smith, 2001). Compared to this view, information processing perspectives consider architecture to be designed to maximize the capacity of information processing by the actors. Using knowledge lenses, the company studied in this research established architectural elements in a manner that allows the firm to effectively structure knowledge resources to form dynamic capability. This study is revelatory single case with a historic perspective. As a result of this study, a set of propositions and a framework are derived, which can be used for architectural alignment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 1991

This study was carried out with 2,195 boy and girl middle school students in Inchon to examine environmental elements which may change vision and cause shortsightedness, and also to find out common knowledge of eye health. Its results are as follows. 1) As school year goes up, the normal eye sighted diminish but the visually handicapped regardless of left and right eyes increase. 2) Among weak sighted students below 0.9, boys are 42.2% and girls are 55.3%, the latter are larger by 13.1 %. Vision weakens rapidly especially for third year girl students. 3) Environmental, individual, everyday life elements which cause shortsightedness are studied, (1) environmental elements; illumination in watching TV and studying (2) individual elements; distance from TV and books, posture in studying (3) everyday life elements; hour of watching TV, hour of using game tools average, hour of studying 4) Knowledge of eye health is generally poor without regard to sex and wearing glasses. So adolescent students are in advance educated proper eye care to prevent shortsighted elements.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.545-556
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to suggest the knowledge elements for HPC education in computational science. For this purpose, the survey for HPC experts was conducted to verify the content validity and reliability, and the 20 candidate knowledge elements was extracted. And the second survey for HPC users was conducted to apply the t test, Borich requirement, and The Locus for Focus model. And 10 knowledge elements for HPC education were derived. As a result, the first group was 'Parallelism Fundamentals', 'Parallelism', 'Parallel communication and coordination', 'Parallel Decomposition', 'Parallel Algorithms, Analysis, and Programming' and 'Introduction to Modeling and Simulation', 'Fundamental Programming Concepts', 'Fundamental Data Structures', 'Memory Management', 'Algorithms and Design' were second group for HPC education.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to extract hierarchical learning elements in the area of 'Algorithms and Programming' in the 2022 revised secondary informatics curriculum. Intrinsic validity was secured by considering the core ideas presented in the curriculum and the content elements of 'knowledge/understanding', 'process/skills', and 'values/attitudes', and extrinsic validity of the learning elements was obtained through FGI and CVR with 25 experts. The learning elements derived from this study are 7 in the first stage, 18 in the second stage, and 26 in the third stage for middle schools, and 8 in the first stage, 23 in the second stage, and 27 in the third stage for high schools. Although the scope and size of knowledge in each stage may differ, the hierarchy of knowledge in the first stage, which is materialized in the second and third stages, provides direction on how knowledge should be taught. This study is expected to contribute to the implementation of the new curriculum in schools and to improve teachers' understanding of the curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-67
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• 2010

On the standards or elements of teaching evaluation, the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation(KICE) has carried out several research as follows : 1) establishment of observation elements for selecting examples of good instruction between 2001 and 2002, 2) development of the standards on teaching evaluation between 2004 and 2006, and 3) investigation on the elements of Pedagogical Content Knowledge including Subject Matter Knowledge between 2007 and 2008. The purpose of development of mathematics teaching evaluation standards through those studies were to improve not only mathematics teachers' professionalism but also their own teaching methods or strategies. Especially, the standards on mathematics teaching evaluation were developed based on the standards on general teaching evaluation. In this study, the standards were revised and modified by analyzing the results of those studies (namely, evaluation standards) focused on SMK. For this purpose, four domains such as the knowledge of curriculum reconstruction, knowledge of mathematical contents, methodological knowledge, mathematical value were new established based on the theories relevant to SMK and on the base of these four domains, standards or elements on teaching evaluation focused on SMK were reconstructed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.415-427
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree and pattern of knowledge management process, and to identify the relationship between knowledge management process and organizational effectiveness in clinical nurses. Method: Participants were 665 regular clinical nurses who had worked for over 1 year in general units of 9 tertiary medical hospitals including 2 national university hospitals, 5 university hospitals, and 2 hospitals founded by business enterprises. Data were collected from March to May 2003 through questionnaires. Four structured instruments were used to collect the data: Knowledge Management Process Scale(Jeong, Lee, Lee, & Kim, 2003), cCommitment Questionnaire(Mowday, Steers, & Porter, 1979), General Satisfaction Scale(CooK, Hepworth, Wall, & Warr, 1981), and one for general characteristics. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, correlation analysis with the SPSS for Windows 10.0 program. Result: 1) The average score for knowledge management process in nurses was $3.08{\pm}.54$ on a 5-point Likert scale. In order from highest mean score, the elements of knowledge management process, were Knowledge $Utilization(3.35{\pm}.57)$, Knowledge $Sharing(3.07{\pm}.58)$, Knowledge $Creation(2.99{\pm}.63)$, and Knowledge $Storage(2.91{\pm}.82)$. 2) Four knowledge management patterns for nurses, which were derived from cluster analysis, were inactivate pattern, delayed pattern, activate pattern, and high-activate pattern of knowledge management. 3) The degree of knowledge management process activation and 4 elements of knowledge management process, Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Storage, Knowledge Sharing, and Knowledge Utilization, were significantly correlated with nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction(p=.000). 4) The nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction showed significant differences according to the knowledge management patterns derived from cluster analysis of high-activate pattern, activate pattern, delayed pattern, inactivate pattern(p=.000). Conclusion: These results suggest that there are four knowledge management patterns for nurses, and knowledge management process positively affects the nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. From the above findings, knowledge management process is empirically verified as a useful and effective method to increase organizational effectiveness, and develop the organization.