• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.581-592
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 일반운동화와 스프링신발의 운동역학적 분석을 통해 일상적인 보행에서 스프링신발이 갖는 특성을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 이를 위해 정상족궁인 30-40대 여성 12명을 대상으로 2종류의 실험용 신발(스프링신발)과 비교용 신발(일반운동화)을 착용시킨 후 1.7m/s의 보행속도에서 지면반력기와 EMG, 적외선 카메라를 이용한 운동 역학적 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 지면반력 분석에서는 제 1정점과 제 2정점에서 실험용신발이 일반운동화에 비해 큰 전후성분값을 나타냈다. 근전도분석에서는 대퇴직근의 활동이 스프링 신발을 신었을 때 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 후족각에서 스프링 신발이 착지 시와 제1정점간에 일반화보다 크며 발목 관절을 중심으로 내측으로 회전하는 회내 운동을 적절하게 제어 하면서 이지 시에 후족 각의 감소에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 스프링신발은 일반 신발에 비해 보행 시 무릎 신전근들의 근력 향상에는 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.543-548
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 다중의 동력장치를 이용하여 다수의 객체를 움직이는 키네틱 디자인작품을 제작하면서 다수의 객체를 소수의 동력장치를 이용하여 다수의 동력장치를 이용한 것 같은 다양한 움직임을 구현할 수 있게 하는 것이 목적이다. 다수의 객체를 다양하게 움직이기 위해선 다수의 동력장치를 사용하여 움직임을 나타내는 것이 일반적인 방법이나 이렇게 하면 객체만큼의 많은 동력장치를 이용해야 하며 과다한 동력장치 사용으로 비용의 상승과 작품무게가 증가하게 된다. 많은 동력장치를 움직이기 위한 많은 전력 소모를 하게 된다. 이에 소수의 동력장치로 다수의 객체를 다양한 움직임을 통해 제어할 수 있는 메커니즘을 작품에 적용하여 실험하였다. 메커니즘을 이용해 다수의 객체를 움직이면 작품의 무게와 전력 소모량을 현저하게 줄일 수 있었다. 또한, 캠의 위치와 모양을 변경한 캠샤프트 구조의 이용과 베벨기어의 이용을 통해 객체의 행과 열을 늘려 다양한 움직임을 표현할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 키네틱 디자인 작품을 제작하는 많은 디자이너에게 다수의 객체를 제어하는 하나의 또 다른 방법을 제시하게 된다.

• 복식문화학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 복식문화학회 2005년도 Joint International Conference
• /
• pp.177-178
• /
• 2005

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.140-144
• /
• 2016

Owing to the kinetic differences in ammonia oxidation among ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), there is no standard set of kinetic values that can be used as a representative set for nitrifying wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) design. As a result, this study clarified a link between the half-saturation constants for ammonia oxidation (Ks) and the dominant ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) groups in sludge from full-scale WWTPs and laboratory-scale nitrifying reactors. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that AOB affiliated with the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster were the dominant AOM groups in the sludge taken from the low-ammonia-level WWTPs, while AOB associate with the Nitrosomonas europaea cluster comprised the majority of AOM groups in the sludge taken from the high-ammonia-level WWTPs and nitrifying reactors. A respirometric assay demonstrated that the ammonia Ks values for the high-ammonia-level WWTPs and nitrifying reactors were higher than those of the low-ammonia-level plants. Using the Ks values of available AOM cultures as a reference, the Ks values of the analyzed sludge were mainly influenced by the dominant AOB species. These findings implied that.different sets of kinetic values may be required for WWTPs with different dominant AOM species for more accurate WWTP design and operations.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.204-209
• /
• 2012

상업용 루테늄 촉매 상에서 에탄의 수증기 개질 반응에 대한 kinetics 데이터를 얻기 위하여 반응온도, 에탄의 분압, 수증기/에탄의 비 등을 변화시키면서 반응 실험을 수행하였다. Kinetics 데이터를 사용하여 Power rate law kinetic model 과 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model의 parameter를 구하였다. 또한 kinetic model식을 적용하여 PRO/II를 이용한 공정 모사를 통해서 에탄의 수증기 개질 반응기 sizing을 수행하였다. 동일한 전환율을 얻기 위해서는 Power rate law model을 적용하였을 경우가 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model을 적용하였을 경우보다 개질 반응기의 부피가 더 큼을 알 수 있었다. Langmuir-Hinshelwood model에 의해 계산된 반응 속도가 반응 실험 결과에 의해 구해진 반응 속도와 더 잘 일치했기 때문에 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model을 적용하여 계산된 반응기의 크기가 실제 반응기 설계에 더 적절하다고 판단된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2004

An accumulator in hydraulic systems stores kinetic energy during braking action, and then that controls hasty surge pressure. An energy recovery system using accumulator seems to be advantageous for ERBS due to its high energy density. This study suggests a method to decide suitable accumulator volume for ERBS. The method is based upon energy conservation between kinetic energy of moving inertia and elastic energy of accumulator. The energy conversion was analyzed and a simple formula was derived. Also accumulator tests were conducted for different load mass and motor speed. A series of test work were carried out in the laboratory and the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic motor system, such as the surge pressure and response time, were investigated in both brake action and acceleration action and these results show that the proposed design is effective for decision accumulator volume in ERBS.

• Advances in Computational Design
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.71-87
• /
• 2017

This study focuses on the efficiency and applicability of dynamic relaxation methods in form-finding of membrane structures. Membrane structures have large deformations that require complex nonlinear analysis. The first step of analysis of these structures is the form-finding process including a geometrically nonlinear analysis. Several numerical methods for form-finding have been introduced such as the dynamic relaxation, force density method, particle spring systems and the updated reference strategy. In the present study, dynamic relaxation method (DRM) is investigated. The dynamic relaxation method is an iterative process that is used for the static equilibrium analysis of geometrically nonlinear problems. Five different examples are used in this paper. To achieve the grading of the different dynamic relaxation methods in form-finding of membrane structures, a performance index is introduced. The results indicate that viscous damping methods show better performance than kinetic damping in finding the shapes of membrane structures.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.96-103
• /
• 2016

Mobile electronic display applications represent a simple motion and express personal motions recently. In this context, we propose the Mobile Signage Application as against these existing applications. It provides the quality motions by multiplex editing and thus should share a kinetic typography with other people using Bluetooth. The Mobile Signage Application includes kinetic motions that are developed by HTML5 and JavaScript to attain variety effects. Furthermore, usability evaluation shows its sufficient availability and serviceability.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.42-55
• /
• 1999

A mathematical model for biological nutrient removal in a sequencing batch reactor process, which is based on the IAWQ Activated Sludge Model No. 2 with a few modifications, has been developed. Twenty water quality components and twenty three kinetic equations are incorporated in the model. The model is structured in the matrix form based on the law of mass conservation using stoichiometry and kinetic equations. Stoichiometric coefficients and kinetic parameters included in the model equations are chosen from the literature. A multistep predictor-corrector algorithm of variable step-size is adopted for solving the vector nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The simulation for experimental results is conducted to evaluate the validity of the model and to calibrate coefficients and parameters. The simulation using the model well represents the experimental results from laboratory. The mathematical model developed in this study may be utilized for the design and operation of a sequencing batch reactor process under the steady and unsteady-state at various environmental conditions.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.475-485
• /
• 2014

Seawater flow characteristics around a manganese nodule mining device in deep sea were analyzed through numerical investigation. The mining device influences the seawater flow field with complicated velocity distributions, and they are largely dependent on the seawater flow speed, device moving speed, and injection velocity from the collecting part. The flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy distributions are compared at several positions from the device rear, side, and top, and it is possible to predict the distance from which the mining device affects the seawater flow field through the variation of turbulent kinetic energy. With the operation of the collecting device the turbulent kinetic energy remarkably increases, and it gradually decreases along the seawater flow direction. Turbulent kinetic energy behind the mining system increases with the seawater flow velocity. The transient behavior of nodule particles, which are not collected, is also predicted. This study will be helpful in creating an optimal design for a manganese nodule collecting device that can operate efficiently and which is eco-friendly.