• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1979

High kilovoltage technique as compared with low kilovoltage in taking chest radiogram has much advantages. Authors performed an experiment by using acryl phantom to make the technical chart at 120KV and obtained the results as follows; 1. Increase and decrease of tube voltage in thickness change was 3.2KV per cm at variable technic chart. 2. At fixed kilovoltage technic chart, increase and decrease was $0.12{\sim}0.2$ mAs per cm in chest thickness. 3. Increase and decrease of distance was 1.3inches per cm in thicknese change

• 치과방사선
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.293-303
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• 1992

Generally the patient's absorb dose and readability of radiograms are affected by the exposure time and kVp of which are related with the radiographic density and contrast The investigator carried studies to know the adequate level of exposure time and kVp to obtain the better readability of radiograms. In these studies dried human mandible with selfcuring acrylic resins attached with aluminum step wedge was used and readability of radiograms were compared with each other by videodensitometry among various combination sets of the exposure time, such as 5, 6, 8, 12, 15, 19, 24, 30, 38, 48 and 60, and varing level of kVp, such as 60, 65, 70, 80 and 90 respectively. The obtained results were as follows: 1. As exposure time and kVp were increased, radiographic density of radiograms was increased. 2. The subject contrast was increased where aluminum step wedge was thin and reduced in the reversed condition. At the thin aluminum step wedge, subject contrast was increased at the condition of lower kilovoltage than that of higher kilovoltage. 3. In the case of non-constant radiographic density, the radiographic contrast was reduced with the increment kilovoltage. The radiographic contrast was increased in the lower kilovoltage with the longer exposure time and the higher kilovoltage with the shorter exposure time. 4. At the condition of short exposure time, better readability of each reading item was obtained with the increment of the kilovoltage but at the opposite condition increasing exposure time worsened readability of radiograms. Since X-ray machine in the current dental clinics is fixed between the range of 60-70kVp and 10mA, good radiograms can be obtained by varied exposure time. But according to the conclusion of these studies, better radiograms can be obtained by using filtered high kVp and then the absorb dose to patient and exposure time can be reduced.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1992

With transmitted dose through chest which has the problem of wide variations in absorption, simple film/screen combination method makes it diffucult to image lung field, mediastinum and retrocardiac areas. In order to overcome this, it is very common to use the high kilovoltage technique in diminishing the differences between high and low contrast. We have been adopting this method at department of diagnostic radiology, Seoul National University Hospital. To compare the image of it with that of low kilovoltage technique, we did radiographic tests using beans on the skin. We marked off into three anatomical categories such as lungs, mediastinum and near diaphragm, then attached a bean on a marked area at random. In order to compare with high and low, we took a radiography of high($120{\sim}140\;kVp$) and low($70{\sim}90\;kVp$) kilovoltage tehchniques, respectively at the same time. We have done experiments 320 cases. We evaluated the results of test in response to sensitivity(true positive) and specificity(true negative). In evaluating, we gave them points from 1 to 5 according to true or false. With given points by a radiologist having much experiences, we could acquire the percentage of sensitivity and specificity. The percentage made us to get the schematic table of ROC curve of those two methods. Consequently, high kilovoltage technique appeared 18% better than low kilovoltage technique for detecting beans with our apparatus.

• 치과방사선
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.113-124
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• 1990

For the study of the influence of kilovoltage and exposure time on radiographic density and contrast, we measured radiographic density of aluminum step wedge which composed of contiguous 8 steps wedges of 2-16㎜ thickness with densitometer. Aluminum step wedge was radiographed on Kodak ultraspeed DF-58 and Ektaspeed EP-21 film with range of 60-90 kVp and 5-60 impulse and subject contrast of aluminum step wedge with constant radiographic density and image contrast percentage without radiographic density was evaluated. Then we evaluated the film quality of teeth and their surrounding structure according to the change of kVp and exposure time by score rating method. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Radiographic density was related to the change of kilovoltage, especially in increased exposure time. 2. With constant radiographic density, subject contrast of thin aluminum step wedges was greater in low kilovolt age than high kilovoltage, but kilovolt age had not great influence on subject contrast of thick aluminum step wedge. On the other hand, radiographic density difference between 2mm and 16mm aluminum step wedge was decreased according to in- creasing kilovoltage. 3. Without constant radiographic density, image contrast percentage was decreased with increasing kilovoltage, but was not related with the change of exposure time. 4. Radiographic contrast of teeth and their surrounding structure which was taken with the range of 60-90 kVp and 6-30 impulse had not great influence on film quality.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of changing the kilovoltage peak (kVp) on the radiographic assessment of dental caries. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five extracted posterior teeth with proximal caries or apparently sound proximal surfaces were radiographed with conventional E-speed films and a photostimulable phosphor system using 60 kVp and 70 kVp for the caries assessment. The images were evaluated by three oral radiologists and compared with the results of the stereomicroscope analysis. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between 60 kVp and 70 kVp for the caries detection, determination of caries extension into dentin, and caries severity in either the conventional or the digital images. Good to very good inter-observer and intra-observer agreements were found for both kilovoltage values on the conventional and digital images. Conclusion: Changing the kilovoltage between 60 kVp and 70 kVp had no obvious effect on the detection of proximal caries or determination of its extension or severity.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2011

This test is for checking investigation about quality control of general X-ray system in clinic and hospital. We compared general X-ray system of clinic and hospital which are selected freely in the metropolitan area using PMX-III and carried out quality control. Carried out Kilovoltage test, mR/mAs output test, Light filed/Beam alignment test, Half value layer test. Most of test result are appeared that failure rates of clinic is higher than hospital one. Therefore, we should lower failure rates through regular quality control and make environment which can get high quality image.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1980

The tube voltage in radiographic technique factors of the extremities was studied to use the acryl phantom and aluminum step wedge. It was the proper tube voltage that was over 55-60kV in the finger, over 65kV in the forearm and over 75kV in the knee joint.

• 치과방사선
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.253-264
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• 1990

PanelipseⅡ 파노라마 방사선사진 촬영시 두 경부 주요기관의 방사선 흡수선량 분포를 평가하기 위하여 LiF(TLD-100/sup R/) 열발광선량계를 phantom (RT-210 Humanoid Head & Neck Section/sup R/)내부의 중요 해부구조물과 피부표면에 위치시켜 관전류 4㎃와 노출시간 20초의 조건하에서 관전압변화(65kVp. 75kVp, 85kVp)에 따른 방사선 흡수선량을 측정하여 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 내부해부구조물의 방사선 흡수선량은 비인강부위에서 104mGy, 1.065mGy, 2.09mGy로써 가장 높게 나타났고 이하선의 내엽부위에서는 0.525mGy, 0.579mGy, 1.108mGy로, 악하선부위에서는 0.481mGy, 0.608mGy, 1.191mGy로 비교적 높게 나타났으며 85kVp에서만 흡수선량이 측정된 안구와 갑상선부위는 0.172mGy와 0.128mGy로써 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 피부표면의 방사선 흡수선량은 제1경추 후방부위에서 1.263mGy, 1.538mGy, 2.952mGy로써 가장 높게 나타났고 이하선부위에서는 0.267mGy, 0.401mGy, 0.481mGy로 비교적 높게 나타났으며 인중부위는 0.057mGy, 0.068mGy, 0.081mGy, 85kVp에서만 흡수선량이 측정된 턱의 중앙부위는 0.059mGy로써 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 관전압 증가에 따른 내부해부구조물의 방사선 흡수선량 증가는 65kVp에서 75kVp로 증가함에 따라 1.1배로 나타났으며, 76kVp에서 85kVp로 증가시에는 1.9배로 나타났다. 관전압 증가에 따른 피부표면의 방사선 흡수선량 증가는 65kVp에서 75kVp로 증가함에 따라 1.3배로 나타났으며, 75kVp에서 85kVp로 증가시에는 1.6배로 나타났다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 1979

When X-radiation passes through the human body; some is transmitted some is truly absorbed, and some is scattered. In diagnostic radiography, scattered radiation can reach the film if no protective measures are taken. This scattered ray increased density which not necessary for image formation. We studied about absorbtion, scattered ray and the way of get rid of scatter ray according to the x-ray tube kilovoltage and obtained results as follow; 1. Absorbtion ray increased proportion to KVP. 2. Scattered ray increased at high KVP and thick object. 3. Secondary radiation of the primary increased at high KVP and thick object. 4. Remove .ate of scattered ray decreased at thick object and increase at low KVP make use of 6:1 grid ratio

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2017

Monte Carlo 기법을 활용하여 60, 90, 120, 150 kV와 6, 15 MV X선에서의 선량증가 효과를 평가하였다. MCNPX code를 이용하여 ICRU slab 모의피폭체를 전산모사하였으며, 금, 가돌리늄, 산화철의 선량증가 물질을 사용하였다. 입사에너지의 전자평형 지점을 고려하여 모의피폭체의 표면 및 5 cm 깊이에 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/g 농도의 물질을 삽입하였으며, 선량증가 물질이 없을 때를 바탕으로 하여 깊이에 따른 흡수에너지 변화와 선량증가효과비를 통하여 정량적 평가를 시행하였다. 선량증가 물질의 농도가 높을수록, 금, 가돌리늄, 산화철 순으로 높은 선량증가 효과를 보였으며, kV X선에서는 입사에너지가 낮을수록, 물질의 원자 내 전리 퍼텐셜에 가까울수록 높은 선량증가 효과를 보였다. MV X선에서는 15 MV에 비해 6 MV에서 높은 선량증가 현상을 나타내었으며, kV X선에 비해서는 현저히 낮은 결과를 확인할 수 있었다.