• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.760-768
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• 2022

The purpose this study was to investigate the influences of 5% mung bean (Phaseolus aureus L.) on BUN and enzyme activities in serum of hyperlipidemic rats. Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (24 male) were divided into four groups, namely the BD group(normal-nonhyperlipidemic diet), BM group(normal-nonhyperlipidemic diet+5% mung bean), BH group(control-hyperlipidemic diet), and BHM group(hyperlipidemic diet+5% mung bean). Serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by mung bean supplementation diet. The activities of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, amylase and lipase in sera of mung bean diet group were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The catalase activity in serum of mung bean supplementation group was significantly increased than hyperlipidemic diet (p<0.05). In vivo experiment with hyperlipidemic rats showed that ingestion of mung bean were effective in kidney and hepatic functional enzyme activities. Which suggests that mung bean material could be used for further studies as a potential source for nutraceutical foods.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the fitness of Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida on different host plants: young and old leaves of the mandarin orange 'shiranuhi' ((Citrus unshiu × C. sinensis) × C. reticulata), Japanese violet (Viola japonica Langsd.) and kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The development and oviposition experiments were conducted at constant temperatures (20, 25 and 30℃) and a life table parameters were estimated. T. kanzawai could complete it's development on 'shiranuhi' young leaves, japanese violet and kidney bean, while all died during the immature period on 'shiranuhi' old leaves. The total developmental period of T. kanzawai feeding on 'shiranuhi' young leaves was 17.4, 13.4 and 10.2 days at each temperature, respectively, which was longer than 16.1, 9.5 and 7.0 days of kidney bean. The female longevity of T. kanzawai on young leaves of 'shiranuhi' were 19.1, 15.0 and 12.3 days at each temperature, respectively, and there was no significant difference from 22.1, 14.1 and 10.9 days investigated from kidney bean. The fecundity was 18.1, 23.9 and 17.8 eggs per female, which was less than them of japanese violet and kidney bean at each temperature, respectively. As a result of estimating the life table parameters based on the experimental data, intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) were significantly different from each other, and appeared in the following order: kidney (0.1542, 0.2563 and 0.3251), japanese violet (0.1087, 0.2007 and 0.2673) and 'shiranuhi' young leaves (0.0868, 0.1002 and 0.1217) at each temperature, respectively. Finally, the management strategy against T. kanzawai in citrus orchards was discussed based on the results.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.466-469
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• 2008

A new kidney bean cultivar, "Hwanghyeob 1" was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. "Hwanghyeob 1" was selected from a cross between KLG50064 and KLG50073. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, yellow pod color, oval shape of crossed section of pod at the harvesting time for edible pod, white seed coat and middle seed size (21.7 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of edible pod of "Hwanghyeob 1" was 23.55 M/T per hectare in the yield trials which was carried out at the green house in spring and autumn in 2005. This yield level was 4 percent higher than that of the check cultivar "Kangnangkong 1".

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.23-42
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• 2018

This study examines the variation in diagrams of the kidney, and the effects on location of the Life Gate as a result. My study analyzes diagrams of kidney form and location, such as appearance, the vertebral spine, ShenXi, and "Life Gate", and also explores the causes for such variations. The kidney is commonly described as having the shape of a bean, which throughout medical history has showed almost no variation. The spine was initially described with a total of 21 vertebrae, and later with a range of 19-25 vertebrae. Regarding the height of kidney in relationship to the spine, it was initially described as beginning at the 14th vertebrae, and later changed to the 15th or 17th vertebrae. However, there have been no changes in the perception of the height of kidney. Initially, the location of the Life Gate could not be identified. Three different suggestions of its location were found throughout historical literature, including: (1) at or within the right kidney; (2) between two kidneys; and (3) between 14th-15th spine. There were also variations noted in the process of copying diagrams of kidney in many books not only because the work of copying was not precise, but also because each medical practitioner had a different interpretation of the kidney's form and function in Traditional Korean and Chinese Medicine. It appears that some practitioners may have been influenced by their understandings of theory of Life Gate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.386-393
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• 1997

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of different dietary lipids on the risk factors of coronary vascular disease(CVD) in ovariectomized rats. female rats of Sprague-Dawley stram were divided into sham-operated(sham) and ovariectomized(ovx) groups and then each group was divided into a beef fallow group, a soy bean oil group and a fish oil group. After 16 weeks of feeding on experimental diets, animals were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney and perirenal fat pad were obtained. Food intake and weight gain of fish oil group were significantly lower than other dietary lipid groups. food intake and weight gain tended to be higher in ovx groups than in sham groups. The weight Index(g/100g body weight) of liver and kidney was higher in the fish oil group than the other groups and weight index was lower in ovx groups compared to sham groups. The weight of the perirenal fat pad was the highest in the beef tallow group and the lowest in the fish oil group. The fish oil group showed the lowest total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum. Serum TG levels were lower in all ovx groups than in sham groups, but serum TC levels were not influenced by ovariectomy. fatty acid composition of serum reflects the recent dietary Intake of fat. Linoleic acid content was tile highest in soy bean oil group and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) contents were the highest in fish oil group. fatty acid composition of adipose tissue, especially EPA and DHA contents in perirenal fat pad, was highest in the fish oil group. Saturated fatty acid(SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) in serum and adipose tissue did not reflect fatty acid intake. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a lipogenic enzyme, in the blood of the beef tallow and soybean oil groups showed the tendency to be high and that of the fish oil group to be low in ovx. Carnitine acetyltransferase, a lipolytic enzyme, showed the highest activity in the liver of the fish oil group and was least active in the soy bean oil group.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1988

The physicochemical properties and gel-forming properties of corn & red bean crude starches were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. The shape of corn crude starch granule was polygonal and the mean value of minor axis and major axis were $11.5\mu\textrm{m}$ and $14.9\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively. In the meantime, the shape of red bean crude starch granule was oval and the mean value of minor axis and major axis were $22.3\mu\textrm{m}$ and $31.4\mu\textrm{m}$. 2. Amylose content of corn and red bean refined starch were 16.52 and 43.61% respectively. 3. Blue value of corn and red bean crude starch were 0.099 and 0.842, respectively. 4. Amylose of corn had molecular weight of 107,000 and degree of polymerization of 660. Amylopectin had degree of branching of 6.9 per 100 glucose units and glucose units of 14.6 persegment of amylopectin. Amylose of red bean had molecular weight of 118,000 and amylopectin had degree of branching of 5.2. 5. Water binding capacities of corn and red bean starch were 238.5 and 284.8. 6. Both swelling powers of corn and red bean starch were increased rapidly from $70^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$. 7, Gelatinization of corn and red bean were 75.6 and $61.8^{\circ}C$. 8. Brabender hot-paste viscosities of corn at 6% and 8% showed the similar amylogrm patterns with peak viscosity. And red bean had no peak viscosity. 9. The difference of sensory characteristics for ‘Mook’ and kidney bean & red bean starch gels was significant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

Synthesis of new active protein was investigated by heat-treatment and fermentation of kidney beans with Bacillus subtilis ATCC 51189. The amount of water-soluble protein in raw kidney bean (raw protein, RP) was greatly reduced by heating (heated protein, HP) and several new amino acids were synthesized by fermentation. The molecular weights of proteins determined by SDS-PAGE were 118 kDa for RP and a new band of 18.0 kDa For protein (fermented protein, FP) in kidney beans heated and fermented with B. subtilis ATCC 51189. Hemagglutinating activities of RP, HP and FP were 128 HU, 4 HU and 32 HU respectively. Both of RP and FP showed anticancer activity against stomach cancer cell line (SNU-1) at 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$g/mL and lymphocyte stimulating activity at 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, and stimulated PBMC to secrete IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-12. However, HP did not show any kinds of activities. Taken together, these results suggested that lectin in kidney beans was destroyed by heating, hut new active lectin-like Protein was derived by fermentation with B. subtilis ATCC 51189.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 1995

Proximate composition, dimension, water uptake and volume increase rates of three cultivars of Korean kidney beans, Pink(PKB), Red(RKB) and White(WKB) were compared. Significant differences in the proximate composition and calorie were not observed among samples. Hull removed samples showed the lowest ash content and the highest calorie. The rates of water uptake increased as the soaking temperature increased from 10~4$0^{\circ}C$. The moisture gain of the kidney beans during soaking showed a similar pattern to volume increase. Water uptake and volume increase rates were in the decreasing order of PKB, RKB and WKB. Moisture and volume gains held a linear relation with the square root of soaking time regardless soaking temperatures. The activation energies of water uptake and volume increase were 3033~3087 and 3077~ 3161 kcal/mole, respectively. The log time to reach a fixed moisture content showed a linear relation with soaking temperature regardless soaking temperatures. The z-values calculated from weight and volume changes decreased in proportions to the increase of hydration. The z-values of weight and volume to reach 50% hydration were 50.5~56.6$^{\circ}C$ and 48.4~61.2$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1248-1256
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• 2007

The present study examined the physiological effects of isoflavone-rich bean sprout on the lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats. Experimental hyperlipidemia was induced by the AIN standard diet with 0.5% cholesterol,9.3% lard and 0.2% sodium cholate in SD rats. Experimental groups consisted of normal control, hyperlipidemic control, 1% or 5% bean sprout powder-supplemented groups, and 0.2% soybean isoflauone extract-supplemented group. Four weeks feeding of isoflavone-rich bean sprout powder or isoflavone extract resulted in a significant lowering of plasma cholesterol and lowering tendency of triglyceride levels. The levels of lipid peroxidation products in the kidney and heart tissues were also lowered by the supplementation of bean sprout powder or isoflavone extract. The activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase and catalase were increased by the supplementation of bean sprout powder or soybean isoflavone extract. Plasma concentration of vitamin A was significantly raised in the group fed 0.5% bean sprout powder. The results of the study showed that the beneficial effects of isoflavone-rich bean sprout on lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic animals were comparable with those of soybean isoflavone extract. The positive effect of bean sprout in improving lipid metabolism might be due to the combined action of isoflavone and dietary fiber.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.314-322
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• 2010

The effects of five colored soybean (blue, red, yellow, white, and black) varieties on the quality characteristics of soybean paste (Doenjang) were investigated for proximate composition, salt content, pH, color, organic acid content, amino acid content, and mineral content after 80 days of aging. Soybean paste (Doenjang) samples were divided into TDS (traditional Doenjang prepared with soybean) and TDM (traditional Doenjang prepared with mixed soybeans, kidney bean, black soybean, kind of small bean, sword bean, green bean, red bean, at a radio of 1:1:1:1:1(w/w)). Moisture content was 49.66% for TDM and 49.52% for TDM. Protein and salt contents of the TDS sample were higher than those of TDM. The "L" values of the TDB sample increased the aging period was decreased. In contrast, the "L" and "$\alpha$" values of TDM did not show any significant differences. The main organic acids detected were malic acid > lactic acid > tartaric acid in the TDS and TDM samples. Glutamic acid contents were 2.83 g/100 g for the TDS sample and 2.15 g/100 g for the TDM. The levels of K, Mg, and Ca of the TDS sample were higher than those of TDM. No significant difference occurred between TDS and TDM regarding their quality characteristics after 80 days of aging. Further studies needed include sensory evaluation and functionality of soybean paste made from mixed soybean materials.