• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 1975

Influence of Eucommiae Cortex in Korea on the blood pressure of the rabbit was examined, 1) The intravenous injection of 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg of the water extract to the rabbit decreased its blood pressure to $9.7\;{\pm}\;1.9,\;26.4\;{\pm}\;1.7\;and \;35.5\;{\pm}\;2.7\;mmHg$. respectively. 2) The intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg of the water extract did not show any remarkable influence to the blood pressure caused by the intravenous injection of acetylcholine $10^{-8}\;g/kg\; and \;10^{-7}\;g/kg$. 3) The intravenous injection of the water extract after the intravenous injection atropine 2mg/kg did not show any remarkable change to the blood pressure 4) The intravenous injection of the water extract after the intravenous injection of propranolol 2mg/kg slightly decreased the blood pressure.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.104.1-104.1
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the samples on the blood levels of glucose, glycohemoglobin(HbAlc), total cholesterol and triglyceride. The samples have been used in the treatment of a type 2 diabetic animal model (C57BlKsj db/db). The samples were administrated orally before each meal for 6 weeks. Cinnamon dose was 50mg/kg/day, 100mg/kg/day, 150mg/kg/day and 200mg/kg/day, respectively. Rhodiola rosea dose was 50mg/kg/day, 100mg/kg/day, 15-mg/kg/day and 200mg/kg/day, respectively. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2007

Reclaimed tidal area is a great agricultural resource in the world. Improvement and utilization of reclaimed soil is an important measure for expanding land resource. This study was conducted to evaluate relative salt-tolerance of plants and its effect for improving saline soil. Eighteen tolerance plants were selected from China, Pakistan and Korea the climate of which is different. The emergence of different varieties in reclaimed soil was in order as FL478>Barnyard grass>Pokkali>Atriplex>Sesbania>Rumex>Alfalfa>Tall Fescue>Ryegrass>Sudan grass. Four varieties, Barnyard grass, Sesbania, Atriplex and Limonium were selected for soil improvement in reclaimed land. Cultivation of Sesbania, Barnyard grass and Atriplex were good to soil physico-chemical quality. Also these plants increased soil organic matter contents and reduced soil salt concentration. Organic matter contents of cultivated soils of Sesbania, Barnyard grass and Atriplex were $4.10g\;kg^{-1}$, $4.60g\;kg^{-1}$ and $2.81g\;kg^{-1}$ respectively. On the other hand organic matter content of uncultivated soils was $2.65g\;kg^{-1}$. As Sesbania and Barnyard grass were applied to cultivated soil like green manure, bulk density improved from $1.42Mg\;m^{-3}$ to $1.39Mg\;m^{-3}$.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 1989

To evaluate disposition characteristics of procainamide and its active metabolite, N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA), cross-over study for procainamide and NAPA was performed in 5 male adult dogs. After single administration of 10 mg/kg procainamide over 15 minutes, the range of measured plasma NAPA concentrations during experimental period were 0.03 to 0.124 ug/ml and early 'dip' phenomenon was distinct on NAPA concentration to time curve in all 5 dogs. Volume of distribution (Vss) and central compartment volume (Vc) of procainamide were $1.20{\pm}0.27\;L/kg$ of body weight and $0.36{\pm}0.08\;L/kg$, respectively. Vss and Vc of NAPA were $1.21{\pm}0.21\;L/kg$ and $0.26{\pm}0.07\;L/kg$, respectively. Intercompartmental clearance (Clint) of procainamide was 3.44 L/kg/hr and that of NAPA was 1.62 L/kg/hr. Total body clearance (Cl) of procainamide and NAPA were $0.47{\pm}0.08$ and $0.35{\pm}0.08\;L/kg/hr$. The half-life $(t_{1/2{\beta}})$ of procainamide and NAPA were 2.85 hrs and 2.77 hrs, respectively. Metabolic clearance (Clm)of procainamide by N-acetylation was $18.24{\pm}6.22\;ml/kg/hr$, which corresponded to 3.9% of total procainamide clearance.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2004

In a trial involving 72 pigs, the effects of market weight and gender on the carcass and pork quality characteristics were investigated. A total of 72 pigs were divided into 3 groups(95-104, 105-110 or 111-120kg), market weight was assigned to 2 gender group (gilt or boar). The carcass characteristics (carcass weight, backfat thickness or grades) were determined on those carcass, longissimus muscle was removed from each left side at 5th to 13th rib and meat qualities were evaluated. The carcass weight and backfat thickness of pigs slaughtered at 111-120kg were increases than the other weights. The carcass grade of pigs slaughtered at 105-110kg had higher then at pigs slaughtered 94-104kg. Compared with boars, gilts carcass had higher in carcass weight and backfat fat. The pH$\_$u/, drip loss and cooking loss tended to similar for market weight and gender, meat of boars had higher shear force values than gilts (p＜0.05). The meat color tended to similar for market weight and gender. The total myoglobin content of gilts slaughtered at 95-104kg and boars slaughtered at 111-120kg had higher than the other weight and gender. The meat of gilts had higher springiness and brittleness than boars (p＜0.05). These results imply that the carcass characteristics (carcass weight and backfat thickness) could be affected by market weight and gender, meat of gilts was improved the shear force values and texture properties when compared to boars.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2002

The present study was designed to examine the effects of different homogenization pressure, homogenization temperature and $\beta$-cyclodextrin concentration on cholesterol decrease rate of Cheddar cheese, and to optimize the factors of cheese manufacture Process. Il. The hardness(control 5.46kg/$cm^2$), gumminess(control 5.24kg), chewiness(control 4.87kg/cm) reduced to 2.03kg/$cm^2$, 2.18kg, 2.24kg/cm, respectively. In the result of sensory analysis, treatment of homogenization for cholesterol removed Cheddar cheese improved appearance and flavor, however texture fell. In addition, the resent result of the study indicated that about 75.27% of cholesterol in Cheddar cheese could be removed, and the possibility of development of cholesterol decreased Cheddar cheese was observed.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2008

Heritability and genetic correlation for growth traits in Duroc pig breed were estimated using Bayesian method via Gibbs sampling. The data set consisted of 3,526 performance records at National Institute of Animal Science. For estimating those parameters using Gibbs sampling, 5,000 cycles of ‘burn-in’ period were discarded among a total of 55,000 samples. Out of the remaining 50,000 samples, 5,000 estimates by each parameter were retained and used for analyses to avoid any correlation among adjacent samples. The growth traits considered in this study were average daily gain at 30kg(ADG1), average daily gain at 90kg(ADG2), backfat thickness(BF), days to 90kg(D90) and feed conversion ratio(FC). The estimated heritabilities and their standard deviation using Gibbs sampler were 0.43±0.04, 0.49±0.038, 0.31±0.040, 0.48±0.039 and 0.62±0.086, respectively. Genetic correlations were －0.02, －0.13, －0.55 and －0.15 between ADG1 with ADG2, BF, D90 and FC, respectively, 0.16, －0.73, －0.32 between ADG2 with BF, D90 and FC respectively, 0.01, －0.08 between BF with D90, FC, respectively, and 0.23 between D90 with FC.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 1994

Our purpose was to gain insight into a possible modulatory role for ${\mu},\;{\delta},\;and\;{\kappa}$ opioid receptors by neuroleptics (chlorpromazine, thioridazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, and pimozide) in chronic morphine 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg treated mouse striatum. We attempted quantitative receptor assays using highly specific radioligands, $[^3H]\;DAGO\;([D-Ala^2,\;N-Mephe^4,\;Glycol^5]\;enkephalin)$, $[^3H]DPDPE\;([D-Pen^2,\;D-Pen^5]\;enkephalin)$ and $[^3H]\;DPN(diprenorphine)$ to measure the binding affinity in the experimental groups. The decrease of $[^3H]DAGO$ binding was potentiated by sulpiride and pimozide in the chronic morphine treatment (5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg). The decrease of $[^3H]DPDPE$ binding was inhibited by chlorpromazine, thioridazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, and pimozide in chronic morphine treatment (5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg). The decrease of $[^3H]\;DPN$ binding was significantly inhibited by chlorpromazine, thioridazine, sulpiride, and pimozide in chronic morphine 20 mg/kg treatment. $[^3H]\;DPN$ binding on the neuroleptics was antagonized by naloxone pretreatment in chronic morphine 20 mg/kg treatment. These findings suggest that neuroleptics influence opposing tonically active on the ${\delta},\;and\;{\kappa}$ opioid receptor compared with ${\mu}$ opioid receptor in the chronic morphine treated mouse striatum.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.253-262
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• 2010

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional situation of pigs kept in three ecological zones of central Vietnam: Upland, Lowland and Coastal Area. An interview-based questionnaire was made and surveys were conducted in 27 villages and data were collected from 1,200 participating households. The current study showed that amounts of feed and crude protein content in the diets for fattening pigs and sows are deficient for all three regions. Amounts of feed as DM (kg/d) fed to growing pigs of 20-50 kg BW was deficient by 0.54 kg (29%) in Lowland, 0.53 kg (28.6%) in the Coastal area and 0.42 kg (22.4%) in Upland. The deficiency in CP in the diets of growing pigs in this period (20-50 kg) was largest at 20.7 g/d (62.1%) in Lowland, following by 22.1 g/d (66.4%) in Coastal and 23.2 g/d (69.7%) in Upland. Amount of feed as DM (kg/d) fed to growing pigs of 50-90 kg BW had a deficiency of 1.26 (48.9%), 1.25 (51.2%) and 1.14 (51.5%) kg/d in Lowland, Coastal and Upland, respectively. The deficiencies in crude protein in the growing diet during this period in Lowland, Coastal and Upland regions were 27 g/d (68.3%), 29 g/d (71.9%) and 30 g/d (74.6%), respectively. The deficiency in DM intake (kg/d) of pregnant sows in the Lowland area was 0.3 kg (15%), 0.33 kg (16%) in the Coastal area and 0.47 kg (23.5%) in the Upland area. Crude protein content in the diet of pregnant sows raised in Lowland was 8 g/d (32.0%) deficient, in the Coastal region the deficiency was 11 g/d (42.7%) and in Upland this deficiency was 15 g/d (61.2%). The deficiency in DM intake (kg/d) of lactating sows raised in Lowland was 1.47 kg (31.1%), in the Coastal area this was 1.69 kg (39.2%) and in Upland it was most deficient at 2.46 kg (57.1%). The lack of crude protein content in the diets of sows raised in Lowland was 45 g/d (63.4%), in the Coastal region it was 46 g/d (65%), and in Upland it was 55 g/d (78.9%). The low input of feed in these areas is especially due to low quality and to the insufficient intake of nutrients by the pig. As a result, production and income of farmers are low.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

Population growths of earthworm were investigated when the earthworm populations with different levels of initial densities per unit area were fed with cow dung mixed with paper mill sludge. The tested levels of earthworm densities were as follows; $1kg/m^2$, $2kg/m^2$, $3kg/m^2$, $5kg/m^2$. There were no significant differences in population growth rates 60 and 90 days after feed supply among the tested densities of earthworm. Therefore, it was suggested that initial densities of earthworm populations per unit area higher than $3kg/m^2$ should not be favorable because of the cost for purchasing earthworm. Vermicomposting rates of earthworm on feed were also investigated when different amounts of feed were supplied repeatedly to unit area of nursery bed with $5kg/m^2$ of initial densities earthworm populations. The tested amounts of feed at each supplying time were as follows; $16kg/m^2$, $24kg/m^2$, $32kg/m^2$, $40kg/m^2$. The more the amount of feed at each supplying time, the higher vermicomposting rate and population growth rate. Therefore, it should be more favorable for earthworm breeders to supply more than $40kg/m^2$ of feed at each supplying time, because it would reduce time and labor cost.