• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.939-948
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• 2015

Purpose: An emerging trend in Asian higher education is English-medium instruction (EMI), which uses English as the primary instructional language. EMI prepares domestic students for international leadership; however, students report difficulty in learning, and educators have raised questions concerning the effectiveness of EMI. The flipped learning model (FLM), in which lecture and homework activities for a course are reversed, was applied to an English-medium course offered by a college of nursing in Korea. The aims of this study were to: 1) revise an existing English-medium nursing course using the FLM; 2) explore students' learning experiences and their acceptance of the FLM; and 3) identify key factors in the success of FLM. Methods: We used a descriptive, cross-sectional, mixed-methods design and the participants were students at one nursing school in Korea. A series of course development meetings with faculties from the nursing school and the center for teaching and learning were used to develop the course format and content. We conducted course evaluations using the Flipped Course Evaluation Questionnaire with open-ended questions and focus group interviews. Results: Students (N=75) in a 15-week nursing course responded to a survey after completing the course. Among them, seven students participated in one of two focus groups. Overall, students accepted and favored the flipped learning strategy, and indicated that the method enhanced lecture content and their understanding of it. Factors associated with effective instruction included structured monitoring systems and motivational environments. Conclusion: The FLM requires sufficient preparation to facilitate student motivation and maximize learning outcomes.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.253-261
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• 2016

Background: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are defined as "statements that are scientifically reviewed about evidence and systematically developed to assist in the doctors' and patients' decision making in certain clinical situations." This recommendation aims to promote good clinical practice for the provision of safe and effective practices of conscious sedation in dentistry. Method: The development of this clinical practice guideline was conducted by performing a systematic search of the literature for evidence-based CPGs. Existing guidelines, relevant systematic reviews, policy documents, legislation, or other recommendations were reviewed and appraised. To supplement this information, key questions were formulated by the Guideline Development Group and used as the basis for designing systematic literature search strategies to identify literature that may address these questions. Guideline documents were evaluated through a review of domestic and international databases for the development of a renewing of existing conscious sedation guidelines for dentistry. Clinical practice guidelines were critically appraised for their methodologies using Appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation (AGREE) II. Results: A total of 12 existing CPGs were included and 13 recommendations were made in a range of general, adult, and pediatric areas. Conclusion: The clinical practice guidelines for conscious sedation will be reviewed in 5 years' time for further updates to reflect significant changes in the field.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.375-383
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• 2010

In developing question-answering (QA) systems, it is hard to analyze natural language questions syntactically and semantically and to find exact answers to given query questions. In order to avoid these difficulties, we propose a new style of question-answering system that automatically generate natural language queries and can allow to search queries fit for given keywords. The key idea behind generating natural queries is that after significant sentences within text documents are applied to the named entity recognition technique, we can generate a natural query (interrogative sentence) for each named entity (such as person, location, and time). The natural query is divided into two types: simple type and sentence structure type. With the large database of question-answer pairs, the system can easily obtain natural queries and their corresponding answers for given keywords. The most important issue is how to generate meaningful queries which can present unambiguous answers. To this end, we propose two principles to decide which declarative sentences can be the sources of natural queries and a pattern-based method for generating meaningful queries from the selected sentences.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.25-34
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• 2020

Community question and answering service is one of the main sources of information and knowledge in the Web. The quality of information in question and answer documents is determined by the clarity of the question and the relevance of the answers, and the readability of a document is a key factor for evaluating the quality. This study is to measure the quality of documents used in community question and answering service. For this purpose, we compare the frequency of occurrence by vocabulary level used in community documents and measure the readability index of documents by institution of author. To measure the readability index, we used the Dale-Chall formula which is calculated by vocabulary level and sentence length. The results show that the vocabulary used in the answers is more difficult than in the questions and the sentence length is longer. The gap in readability between questions and answers is also found by writing institution. The results of this study can be used as basic data for improving online counseling services.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.97-117
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• 2002

In the fast growing digital environment, assuring continued authenticity is an essential and intransigent preservation consideration for digital data and records. Several key issues need to be addressed, including: What are electronic records and data?; Which intellectual and technical elements of data and records are essential for assuring authenticity in electronic format?; How should these be maintained and preserved over time?; How are authentic data and records used in various systems of practice?; and What are the best strategies of preserving authentic electronic records and data?. There have been many research projects to answer these questions to date. This paper discusses the characteristics of electronic records in light of preservation consideration and reports the activities and findings of some of the research projects in brief. This paper focuses on explaining the InterPARES (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems) Project, which is defining requirements for authenticity that can help develop strategies for long-term preservation in electronic records. To identify those requirements, more than thirty case studies have been conducted with government agencies, academic institutions, and various organizations in America, Canada, Europe, Asia and Australia and models developed for appraisal, preservation, and strategies in relation to the management of electronic records. The paper also suggests research questions and implications for preserving authentic electronic records as well as the encouragement for Korean research on digital preservation.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.565-587
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• 2014

Self-Regulated Learning Strategy is a kind of learning strategy that learners could choose and apply metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral strategy autonomically and could take an active part in the classes. The purpose of the study was to identify aspects of self-regulated learning strategy with mathematical journal writing. Mathematical journal was composed of 13 questions and each of factor had 1~2 questions. The results of the study have revealed that metacognitive strategies were identified as setting up learning goals, seeking problem solving strategies, reflective thinking and providing examples. Cognitive strategy was identified as understanding the structure among ideas, sequential ranking and key ideas. Motivational strategy was identified as satisfaction and anxiety for studies, confidence and frustration for next studies. There are implications for mathematics education that self-regulated learning strategy can be improved with mathematical journal writing and help students to study mathematics efficiently and successfully.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.537-546
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• 2013

In the Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA) photochemical air pollutants, nitrogenic compound and particulate matters have increased substantially due to mobile sources, power plants and so on. Therefore 'Special Act on Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement' was enacted on 2003 in order to improve air quality in the SMA. According to the Special Act, Central and local government have developed the state implementation plan(SIP) to reduce air pollutant emissions from various local sources. One of the key elements of the SIP development is the air quality modeling since modeling results can be used to establish emissions control strategies as well as to demonstrate attainment of air quality goals for ozone, particulate matter, and so on. Air quality modeling, therefore, can be usefully utilized to investigate the effects of government's efforts according to control strategies or measures. Using the air quality model, we can determine whether the implementation plan should be revised or not. A number of questions, however, has been raised concerning accuracy, consistency and transparency of modeling results because if we do not trust modeling results, all the measures dependent on modeling becomes in vain. So, without dealing with these questions, we can not guarantee the reliability and utilizability of air quality modeling results. In this study, we tried to establish standard methodology for air quality modeling in order to ensure consistency and transparency of modeling results used in the development and evaluation of national air policy. For this purpose, we established air quality modeling guideline to provide or recommend modeling procedures, vertical and horizontal domains, input data of meteorological and air quality modeling and so on.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.705-718
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• 2020

The goal of this study was to develop a haptic communication system that can convey the tactile sensation of fashion materials in a virtual environment. In addition, the effectiveness and how realistically the virtual fabric image of this system delivers the tactile sensation of actual fabric was verified. First, a literature review was conducted through which the tactile attributes of fashion materials were defined that would be implemented in the haptic communication system. Then, a questionnaire for evaluating the tactile attributes of fashion materials was developed. Next, a haptic communication system was designed to convey fashion image experiences in a virtual environment, from which a haptic rendering model was suggested. The effectiveness of the haptic communication system was evaluated by verifying user experiences with questions developed through a user evaluation experiment. The validity of the evaluation questions pertaining to the tactile attributes and the effects of the haptic communication system were verified. Factor analysis was conducted to verify the evaluation of the tactile sense attributes of the fashion material, which identified density, thickness, and elasticity of the material as key factors. As a result of comparisons between the tactile sense through haptic characteristics and through touching, it was observed that regarding density and thickness, tactile sense experience led to greater perceived reality, while this was not the case for elasticity.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.7-39
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• 2001

This paper examines the effect of active labor market policy on the unemployment rates in 8 welfare states. This paper focuses on the following questions: what are the major predictors of the changes in unemployment rates?; and what is the effect of active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates? Using the data from Comparative Welfare States Data Set by Stephens (1997), Key Indicators of the Labour Market by ILO (1999) and Social Expenditure Database by OECD (1999), this paper attempts to answer the above research questions. Fuller-Battese model, a data analysis method in pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, is adopted to identify variables predicting changes in unemployment rates. This paper analyzes the predictors by using 3 analysis models about 2 types of unemployment (overall unemployment and long term unemployment). Results are as follows: (1) economic variable such as changes in GDP has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; (2) active labor market policy has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates as well; (3) job brokering service among 3 major active labor market programs has a positive effect in reducing unemployment rates; and (4) there is an interaction effect between unemployment benefit level and active labor market policy in reducing unemployment rates. Through the empirical analysis, this paper provides valuable knowledge about effects of active labor market policy on unemployment in 8 welfare states and discusses implications for the active labor market policy in Korea.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.295-306
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• 2019

Purpose: There has been a growing recognition that person-centered care enhances the quality of life of nursing home residents with dementia. This study was conducted to develop a person-centered dementia care online education program for direct care staff in long-term care facilities. Methods: Delphi method with expert group was used to validate contents. We developed 61 draft items based on literature review. Twenty experts participated in consecutive three round surveys including 5-point Likert scale questions and open-ended questions. Based on experts' opinions, the content validity ratio for content validity and the coefficient of variation for stability were calculated. Results: Three-round Delphi surveys and additional feedback from the expert panel established a consensus of core contents: 1) dementia (7 categories), 2) person-centered care (6 categories), 3) communication (8 categories), and 4) behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (6 categories). Specific sub-categories in each category were differentiated according to the job qualifications (65 sub-categories for registered nurses, 64 sub-categories for nursing aids, and 41 sub-categories for personal care workers). Conclusion: This delphi study identified person-centered dementia education curricula, in which the person-centered approach should be a key policy priority in Korean long-term care system. Now it is urgently needed to develop education programs utilizing online platforms that enable efficient and continuous learning for long-term care staff, which can contribute to behavior changes in the person-centered dementia care approach and improvement of care quality in long-term care facilities.