• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2013

It is of great significance to utilize a landing mechanism to explore an asteroid. A landing mechanism named ALISE (Asteroid Landing and In Situ Exploring) for asteroid with soft surface is presented. The landing dynamic in the first turning stage, which represents the landing performance of the landing mechanism, is built by a Lagrange equation. Three key parameters can be found influencing the landing performance: the retro-rocket thrust T, damping element damping $c_1$, and cardan element damping $c_2$. In this paper, the retro-rocket thrust T is solved with considering that the landing mechanism has no overturning in extreme landing conditions. The damping element damping c1 is solved by a simplified dynamic model. After solving the parameters T and $c_1$, the cardan element damping $c_2$ is calculated using the landing dynamic model, which is built by Lagrange equation. The validities of these three key parameters are tested by simulation. The results show a stable landing, when landing with the three estimated parameters T, $c_1$, and $c_2$. Therefore, the landing dynamic model and methods to estimate key parameters are reasonable, and are useful for guiding the design of the landing mechanism.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

An efficient and accurate classification method for failure modes of reinforced concrete (RC) columns was proposed based on key characteristic parameters. The weight coefficients of seven characteristic parameters for failure modes of RC columns were determined first based on the support vector machine-recursive feature elimination. Then key characteristic parameters for classifying flexure, flexure-shear and shear failure modes of RC columns were selected respectively. Subsequently, a support vector machine with key characteristic parameters (SVM-K) was proposed to classify three types of failure modes of RC columns. The optimal parameters of SVM-K were determined by using the ten-fold cross-validation and the grid-search algorithm based on 270 sets of available experimental data. Results indicate that the proposed SVM-K has high overall accuracy, recall and precision (e.g., accuracy>95%, recall>90%, precision>90%), which means that the proposed SVM-K has superior performance for classification of failure modes of RC columns. Based on the selected key characteristic parameters for different types of failure modes of RC columns, the accuracy of SVM-K is improved and the decision function of SVM-K is simplified by reducing the dimensions and number of support vectors.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.806-813
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• 2014

Planar electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters are widely used to restrain the conducted EMI of switching power supplies. Such filters are characterized by small size, low parasitic parameters, and better high-frequency performance than the passive discrete EMI filter. However, EMI filter performance cannot be exactly predicted by using existing methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to use scattering parameters (S-parameters) for the measurement of EMI filter performance. A planar EMI filter sample is established. From this sample, the relationship between S-parameters and insertion gain (IG) of EMI filter is derived. To determine the IG under different impedances, the EMI filter is theoretically calculated and practically measured. The differential structure of the near-field coupling model is also deduced, and the IG is calculated under standard impedance conditions. The calculated results and actual measurements are compared to verify the feasibility of the theory.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.693-701
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• 2020

The conventional Kalman Filter (KF) provides a promising way for structural state estimation. However, the physical parameters of structural systems or models should be available for the estimation. Moreover, it is not applicable when the loadings applied to the structures are unknown. To circumvent the aforementioned limitations, a two-stage KF with unknown input approach is proposed for the simultaneous identification of structural parameters and unknown loadings. In stage 1, a modified observation equation is employed. The structural state vector is estimated by KF on the basis of structural parameters identified at the previous time-step. Then, the unknown input is identified by Least Squares Estimation (LSE). In stage 2, based on the concept of sensitivity matrix, the structural parameters are updated at the current time-step by using the estimated structural states obtained from stage 1. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is numerically validated via a five-story shearing model under random and earthquake excitations. Shaking table tests on a five-story structure are also employed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. It is demonstrated from numerical and experimental results that the proposed approach can be used for the identification of parameters of structure and the external force applied to it with acceptable accuracy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.235-240
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• 2006

The paper will give an overview of the mission of GalTeC and then concentrate on two main aspects. The first more detailed aspect, is the analysis of the key performance parameters for the Galileo system services and presenting a technical overview of methods and algorithms used. The second more detailed aspect, is the service volume prediction including service dimensioning using the Prediction tool. In order to monitor and validate the Galileo SIS performance for Open Service (OS) and Safety Of Life services (SOL) regarding the key performance parameters, different analyses in the SIS domain and User domain are considered. In the SIS domain, the validation of Signal-in-Space Accuracy SISA and Signal-in-Space Monitoring Accuracy SISMA is performed. For this purpose first of all an independent OD&TS and Integrity determination and processing software is developed to generate the key reference performance parameters named as SISRE (Signal In Space Reference Errors) and related over-bounding statistical information SISRA (Signal In Space Reference Accuracy) based on raw measurements from independent sites (e.g. IGS), Galileo Ground Sensor Stations (GSS) or an own regional monitoring network. Secondly, the differences of orbits and satellite clock corrections between Galileo broadcast ephemeris and the precise reference ephemeris generated by GalTeC will also be compared to check the SIS accuracy. Thirdly, in the user domain, SIS based navigation solution PVT on reference sites using Galileo broadcast ephemeris and the precise ephemeris generated by GalTeC are also used to check key performance parameters. In order to demonstrate the GalTeC performance and the methods mentioned above, the paper presents an initial test result using GPS raw data and GPS broadcast ephemeris. In the tests, some Galileo typical performance parameters are used for GPS system. For example, the maximum URA for one day for one GPS satellite from GPS broadcast ephemeris is used as substitution of SISA to check GPS ephemeris accuracy. Using GalTeC OD&TS and GPS raw data from IGS reference sites, a 10 cm-level of precise orbit determination can be reached. Based on these precise GPS orbits from GalTeC, monitoring and validation of GPS performance can be achieved with a high confidence level. It can be concluded that one of the GalTeC missions is to provide the capability to assess Galileo and general GNSS performance and prediction methods based on a regional and global monitoring networks. Some capability, of which first results are shown in the paper, will be demonstrated further during the planned Galileo IOV phase, the Full Galileo constellation phase and for the different services particularly the Open Services and the Safety Of Life services based on the Galileo Integrity concept.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2006

Advanced CMP conditioner design requires investigations of key conditioner manufacturing parameters and their effects on pad surface and then wafer performance. In the present investigation, diamond shape, concentration, distribution, and other key manufacturing parameters are considered to improve CMP process stability and conditioner life. Self avoiding random distribution ($SARD^{TM}$) of diamond abrasives has been developed and both numerical simulation and experimental results show very stable and reliable polishing performance.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

This work elaborately investigates the influences of the guideway geometry parameters and track irregularity on the dynamic performances of the suspended monorail vehicle-guideway system (SMVGS). Firstly, a spatial dynamic analysis model of the SMVGS is established by adopting ANSYS parameter design language. Then, the dynamic interaction between a vehicle with maximum design load and guideway is investigated by numerical simulation and field tests, revealing the vehicle-guideway dynamic features. Subsequently, the influences of the guideway geometry parameters and track irregularity on the dynamic performances of the SMVGS are analyzed and discussed in detail, and the reasonable ranges of several key geometry parameters of the guideway are also obtained. Results show that the vehicle-guideway dynamic responses change nonlinearly with an increase of the guideway span, and especially the guideway dynamic performances can be effectively improved by reducing the guideway span; based on a comprehensive consideration of all performance indices of the SMVGS, the deflection-span ratio of the suspended monorail guideway is finally recommended to be 1/1054~1/868. The train load could cause a large bending deformation of the pier, which would intensify the car-body lateral displacement and decrease the vehicle riding comfort; to well limit the bending deformation of the pier, its cross-section dimension is suggested to be more than 0.8 m×0.8 m. The addition of the track irregularity amplitude has small influences on the displacements and stress of the guideway; however, it would significantly increase the vehicle-guideway vibrations and rate of load reduction of the driving tyre.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1422-1431
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• 2015

The reliability of power system components can be affected by a numbers of factors such as the health level of components, external environment and operation environment of power systems. These factors also affect the electrical parameters of power system components for example the thermal capacity of a transmission element. The relationship of component reliability and power system is, therefore, a complex nonlinear function related to the above-mentioned factors. Traditional approaches for reliability assessment of power systems do not take the influence of these factors into account. The assessment results could not, therefore, reflect the short-term trend of the system reliability performance considering the influence of the key factors and provide the system dispatchers with enough information to make decent operational decisions. This paper discusses some of these important operational issues from the perspective of power system reliability. The discussions include operational reliability of power systems, reliability influence models for main performance parameters of components, time-varying reliability models of components, and a reliability assessment algorithm for power system operations considering the time-varying characteristic of various parameters. The significance of these discussions and applications of the proposed techniques are illustrated by case study results using the IEEE-RTS.

• Transactions of The Korea Fluid Power Systems Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

A gas-assisted hydraulic breaker uses both hydraulic and pneumatic energies and the appropriate balance between them mostly effects its performance. Mathematical modeling of the breaker is established and verified by experiment. Through sensitivity analysis using AMESim, the key design parameters are selected, which mostly affect the performance of the breaker. Taguchi method is used to optimize the key design parameters to maximize the output power for long and short strokes through simulation. As the result, the output power as well as the impact energy are increased significantly compared with the existing design. The pressure pulsation in the supply line is reduced to a tolerable level and the dynamic characteristics of the piston displacement is also improved by the optimization.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1614-1621
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of graded levels of montmorillonite, a constituent of clay, on performance, hematological parameters and bone mineralization in weaned pigs. One hundred and twenty, 35-d-old crossbred pigs (Duroc${\times}$Large White${\times}$Landrace, $10.50{\pm}1.20$ kg) were used in a 28-d experiment and fed either an unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet or similar diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0% montmorillonite added at the expense of wheat bran. Each treatment was replicated six times with four pigs (two barrows and two gilts) per replicate. Feed intake declined (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01) with increasing level of montmorillonite while feed conversion was improved (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01). Daily gain was unaffected by dietary treatment. Plasma myeloperoxidase declined linearly (p = 0.03) with increasing dietary level of montmorillonite. Plasma malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were quadratically affected (p<0.01) by montmorillonite with increases observed for pigs fed the 0.5 and 1.0% levels which then declined for pigs fed the 2.5 and 5.0% treatments. In bone, the content of potassium, sodium, copper, iron, manganese and magnesium were decreased (linear and quadratic effect, p<0.01) in response to an increase of dietary montmorillonite. These results suggest that dietary inclusion of montmorillonite at levels as high as 5.0% does not result in overt toxicity but could induce potential oxidative damage and reduce bone mineralization in pigs.