• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.10 no.10
• /
• pp.4883-4901
• /
• 2016

Energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is very appealing research area due to serious constrains on resources like storage, processing, and communication power of the sensor nodes. Due to limited capabilities of sensing nodes, such networks are composed of a large number of nodes. The higher number of nodes increases the overall performance in data collection from environment and transmission of packets among nodes. In such networks the nodes sense data and ultimately forward the information to a Base Station (BS). The main issues in WSNs revolve around energy consumption and delay in relaying of data. A lot of research work has been published in this area of achieving energy efficiency in the network. Various techniques have been proposed to divide such networks; like grid division of network, group based division, clustering, making logical layers of network, variable size clusters or groups and so on. In this paper a new technique of group based WSNs is proposed by using some features from recent published protocols i.e. "Energy-Efficient Multi-level and Distance Aware Clustering (EEMDC)" and "Energy-Efficient Multi-level and Distance Aware Clustering (EEUC)". The proposed work is not only energy-efficient but also minimizes the delay in relaying of data from the sensor nodes to BS. Simulation results show, that it outperforms LEACH protocol by 38%, EEMDC by 10% and EEUC by 13%.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2018

The idea of the Internet of Things as a platform on the Smart Campus has become increasingly popular. It requires an infrastructure consisting of communication networks, sensor nodes and gateways to connect to the Internet. Each sensor node is responsible for gathering data from the environment. This document outlines a network of wireless sensors on the Internet for the application of Smart Campus monitoring. Wireless sensor network Monitoring have become a complete solution to using a low power implementation and integrated systems. The numerous restrictions however result from the low communication range, the limited computing power, the lack of availability of the network protocol, the lack of programming security and the security failures in the areas of confidentiality, integrity and availability. A new security technique and its functionality for WSNM nodes developed. Development in the research of a secure network and suggestions for avoiding denial of service (DOS) and complexity attacks. These systems if properly implemented can provide an energy efficiency mechanism through pre-allocation and a new key from key management models with a secure routine algorithm.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.15C no.5
• /
• pp.329-342
• /
• 2008

The Sensor Networks have limitations in utilizing energies, developing energy-efficient routing protocol and secure routing protocol are important issues in Sensor Network. In the field of data management, Tributaries and Deltas(TD) which incorporates tree topology and multi-path topology effectively have been suggested to provide efficiency and robustness in data aggregation. And our research rendered hierarchical property to TD and proposed Clustering-based Tributaries-Deltas. Through this new structure, we integrated efficiency and robustness of TD structure and advantages of hierarchical Sensor Network. Clustering-based Tributaries-Deltas was proven to perform better than TD in two situations through our research. The first is when a Base Station (BS) notices received information as wrong and requests the network's sensing data retransmission and aggregation. And the second is when the BS is mobile agent with mobility. In addition, we proposed key establishment mechanism proper for the newly proposed structure which resulted in new Sensor Network structure with improved security and energy efficiency as well. We demonstrated that the new mechanism is more energy-efficient than previous one by analyzing consumed amount of energy, and realized the mechanism on TmoteSKY sensor board using TinyOS 2.0. Through this we proved that the new mechanism could be actually utilized in network design.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2019

The development of Internet technology and the deployment of smart devices provide a convenient environment for people, and this is becoming common with the technology called the Internet of Things (IoT). But the development of, and demand for, IoT technology is causing various problems, such as personal information leaks due to the attacks of hackers who exploit it. A number of devices are connected to a network, and network attacks that have been exploited in the existing PC environment are occurring in the IoT environment. When it comes to IP cameras, security incidents (such as distributed denial of service [DDoS] attacks, hacking someone's personal information, and monitoring without consent) are occurring. However, it is difficult to install and implement existing security solutions because memory space and power are limited owing to the characteristics of small devices in the IoT environment. Therefore, this paper proposes a security protocol that can look at and prevent IoT security threats. A security assessment verified that the proposed protocol is able to respond to various security threats that could arise in a network. Therefore, it is expected that efficient operation of this protocol will be possible if it is applied to the IoT environment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.1B
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2004

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) has been developed as a key technology to enhance the reliability, manageability and overall quality of service of core If networks with connection-oriented tunnel LSP and traffic engineering such as constraint-based routing, explicit routing, and restoration. In this paper, we propose a control bandwidth borrowing scheme that maximizes the utilization of tunnel LSPs or physical links by an extension to the RSVP-TE label distribution protocol. MPLS-based core switching network and VPN services rely on the establishment of connection-oriented tunneled LSPs that are configured or predefined by network management systems. The mechanism of network management system varies from (i) a relatively static LSP establishment accounting, to (ii) a dynamic QoS routing mechanisms. With the use of hierarchical LSPs, the extra bandwidth that is unused by the trunk (outer) LSPs should be fully allocated to their constituent end-to-end user traffic (inner) LSPs in order to maximize their utilization. In order to find out the unused extra bandwidth in tunnel LSP or physical link and redistribute these resources to constituent LSPs, we expend the functionality of RSVP-TE and the found unused extra bandwidth is redistributed with a weight-based recursive redistribution scheme. By the extended RSVP-TE and proposed recursive redistributed scheme, we could achieve the instantaneous maximized utilization of tunnel LSP or physical link suffering from the potential under-utilization problem and guarantee the end-to-end QoS requirements. With the proposed scheme, network manager can manage more effectively the extra available bandwidth of hierarchical LSPs and maximize the instantaneous utilization of the tunneled LSP resources.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.661-667
• /
• 2018

Recently, the smart home market is growing due to the development of wireless communication technology and sensor devices, and various devices are being utilized. Such an IoT environment collects various vast amount of device information for intelligent services, receives services based on user information, controls various devices, and provides communication between different types of devices. However, with this growth, various security threats are occurring in the smart home environment. In fact, Proofpoint and HP warned about the cases of damage in a smart home environment and the severity of security vulnerabilities, and cases of infringement in various environments were announced. Therefore, in this paper, we have studied secure mutual authentication method between smart nodes used in smart home to solve security problems that may occur in smart home environment. In the case of the proposed thesis, security evaluations are performed using random numbers and frequently updated session keys and secret keys for well-known vulnerabilities that can occur in IoT environments and sensor devices such as sniffing, spoofing, device mutual authentication, And safety. In addition, it is confirmed that it is superior in security and key management through comparison with existing smart home security protocol.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.602-609
• /
• 2020

In the event of a large-scale disaster such as an earthquake, typhoon, landslide, and building collapse, the disaster situation awareness and timely disaster information sharing play a key role in the disaster response and decision-making stages for disaster management, such as disaster site control and evacuation of residents. In this paper, an exited field investigation system of NDMI (National Disaster Management Research Institute) was enhanced with an LTE-VPN- based wireless communication system to provide an effective on-site response in an urgent disaster situation and share observation data or analysis information acquired at the disaster fields in real-time. The required performance of wireless communication for the disaster field investigation system was then analyzed and evaluated. The experimental result for field data transmission performance of an advanced wireless communication investigation system showed that the UDP transmission performance of at least 4.1Mbps is required to ensure a seamless video conference system between disaster sites. In addition, a wireless communication bandwidth of approximately 10 Mbps should be guaranteed to smoothly share the communication and field data between the survey equipment currently mounted on the survey vehicle.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.61-75
• /
• 2011

A Geographic Information System(GIS) is a system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages and presents data with reference to geographic location data. In the later 1990s and earlier 2000s it was limitedly used in government sectors such as public utility management, urban planning, landscape architecture, and environmental contamination control. However, a growing number of open-source packages running on a range of operating systems enabled many private enterprises to explore the concept of viewing GIS-based sales and customer data over their own computer monitors. K telecommunication company has dominated the Korean telecommunication market by providing diverse services, such as high-speed internet, PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network), VOLP (Voice Over Internet Protocol), and IPTV(Internet Protocol Television). Even though the telecommunication market in Korea is huge, the competition between major services providers is growing more fierce than ever before. Service providers struggled to acquire as many new customers as possible, attempted to cross sell more products to their regular customers, and made more efforts on retaining the best customers by offering unprecedented benefits. Most service providers including K telecommunication company tried to adopt the concept of customer relationship management(CRM), and analyze customer's demographic and transactional data statistically in order to understand their customer's behavior. However, managing customer information has still remained at the basic level, and the quality and the quantity of customer data were not enough not only to understand the customers but also to design a strategy for marketing and sales. For example, the currently used 3,074 legal regional divisions, which are originally defined by the government, were too broad to calculate sub-regional customer's service subscription and cancellation ratio. Additional external data such as house size, house price, and household demographics are also needed to measure sales potential. Furthermore, making tables and reports were time consuming and they were insufficient to make a clear judgment about the market situation. In 2009, this company needed a dramatic shift in the way marketing and sales activities, and finally developed a dedicated GIS_based market analysis and sales management system. This system made huge improvement in the efficiency with which the company was able to manage and organize all customer and sales related information, and access to those information easily and visually. After the GIS information system was developed, and applied to marketing and sales activities at the corporate level, the company was reported to increase sales and market share substantially. This was due to the fact that by analyzing past market and sales initiatives, creating sales potential, and targeting key markets, the system could make suggestions and enable the company to focus its resources on the demographics most likely to respond to the promotion. This paper reviews subjective and unclear marketing and sales activities that K telecommunication company operated, and introduces the whole process of developing the GIS information system. The process consists of the following 5 modules : (1) Customer profile cleansing and standardization, (2) Internal/External DB enrichment, (3) Segmentation of 3,074 legal regions into 46,590 sub_regions called blocks, (4) GIS data mart design, and (5) GIS system construction. The objective of this case study is to emphasize the need of GIS system and how it works in the private enterprises by reviewing the development process of the K company's market analysis and sales management system. We hope that this paper suggest valuable guideline to companies that consider introducing or constructing a GIS information system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.295-302
• /
• 2016

Many countries, especially ICT powers, are supporting IoT-based technology at a national level and this technology is actively being researched in the businesses and research institutes in an aim to develop technology and create an ecosystem. Roads in the Seoul city are building public facilities based on IoT to provide various services and conveniences for the users. However, for the full-fledged introduction and development of IoT, there are many cases where infringement on security and privacy and threat for life and safety happen. Also, as the IoT environment includes various environment technologies such as the existing sensor network, heterogeneous communication network, and devices optimized for the IoT environment, it inherits the existing security threat and various attack techniques. This paper researches the attribute based encryption technology for safe communication in the IoT environment. The data collected from the device is transmitted utilizing the attribute based encryption and by designing the key generation protocol, grades and authorities for the device and users are identified to transmit safe messages.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2010

The service quality is one of the most important issue for successful deployment of IPTV services. Currently, a number of parameters have been reported that they have an effect on the quality of IPTV services. However, it is almost impossible to monitor and manage all the parameters in real time. Key parameters, therefore, should be chosen as a service metric for efficient quality management of IPTV services. For this purpose, we implement an environment for monitoring and measuring the quality of IPTV services and try to figure out the effect of each parameter on the quality of IPTV services. In particular, we focus on a parameter called continuous count error (CCE) measured at the level of MPEG transport stream (TS) and show that it has a greater effect on the quality of IPTV services than other parameters.