• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2013

Species identification using DNA sequences is the basis for DNA taxonomy. In this study, we sequenced the ribosomal large-subunit RNA gene sequences (3,037-3,061 bp) in length of 13 Chinese Theileria stocks that were infective to cattle and sheep. The complete 28S rRNA gene is relatively difficult to amplify and its conserved region is not important for phylogenetic study. Therefore, we selected the D2-D3 region from the complete 28S rRNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses of 28S rRNA gene sequences showed that the 28S rRNA was useful as a phylogenetic marker for analyzing the relationships among Theileria spp. in ruminants. In addition, the D2-D3 region was a short segment that could be used instead of the whole 28S rRNA sequence during the phylogenetic analysis of Theileria, and it may be an ideal DNA barcode.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.288-300
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• 2003

정보보호의 중요성이 인식되면서 암호 기술의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 특히, 공개키 암호 기술은 대칭키 암호기술에 비해 키의 관리가 용이하고, 디지털 서명을 쉽게 구현할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있어서 그 사용이 증가하고 있다. 현재 공개키 암호 기술을 효율적이고 안전하게 사용하기 위한 공개키 기반 구조가 구축되어 운영되고 있다. 공개키 기반 구조에서는 사용자가 인증기관에 등록하여 개인키와 공개키 쌍을 생성하고, 인증기관은 생성된 공개키에 대한 인증서를 발행한다. 이러한 인증서를 이용하여 사용자간에 키 설립을 수행하고 암호화통신을 할 수 있게 된다. 그러나 공개키 기반 구조에서 설립된 세션키에 대한 관리 기능은 제공하고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 무선 인증 및 키 설립시 설립된 세션키에 대한 키 복구를 지원하는 인증서 발행 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1999

This study is to examine personal color - preferred color, well-matched color and the relations between preferred color and the well-matched color. Focus is also placed on how sexual difference influences color temperature preference. For data collection, a questionnaire including color stimulus was employed. The subjects of this study were the male and female college students who lived in Pusan. The results of the research are summarized as the following : In view of preferred color, male subjects preferred KEY2 color(warm) in red, pink, and yellow, and preferred KEY1(cool) in green and blue. While most subjects showed the same signal, in green, male preferred KEY1 color and female preferred KEY2 color. Concerning preferred personal color type, KEY1 type person liked KEY1 color except red, and KEY2 type person liked KEY2 color except blue. This shows that people prefer the focused color presenting its own traits. In view of well-matched color, most subjects liked KEY2 color in red, yellow, pink, and they selected KEY1 color in blue as the well-matched color. However, in green, each sex showed different preferences; while male subjects selected KEY1 color as the well-matched color, female ones selected KEY2 color. In each personal color type, KEY1 type male evaluated KEY1 color as the well-matched color, KEY2 type male evaluated KEY2 color except blue. KEY1 type female chose all the KEY1 color as well-matched colors, and KEY2 type female chose KEY2 color. The well-matched colors are similar between male and female subjects. In over 80 percentage of the answers, the preferred colors coincided with well-matched colors. KEY1 type persons chose KEY1 color, and KEY2 type person chose KEY2 color as the well-matched color. These results show that there is a meaningful relationship between the preferred color and well-matched color.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a new optical secret key sharing method based on the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol required in cipher system. The proposed method is optically implemented by using a free-space interconnected optical logic gate technique in order to process XOR logic operations in parallel. Also, we present a compact type of optical module which can perform the modified Diffie-Hellman key exchange for a cryptographic system. Schematically, the proposed optical configuration has an advantage of producing an open public key and a shared secret key simultaneously. Another advantage is that our proposed key exchange system uses a similarity to double key encryption techniques to enhance security strength. This can provide a higher security cryptosystem than the conventional Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol due to the complexity of the shared secret key. Results of numerical simulation are presented to verify the proposed method and show the effectiveness in the modified Diffie-Hellman key exchange system.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2008년도 추계 공동 국제학술대회
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• pp.445-448
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• 2008

The key establishment between nodes is one of the most important issues to secure the communication in wireless sensor networks. Some researcher used the probabilistic key sharing scheme with a pre-shared key pool to reduce the number of keys and the key disclosure possibility. However, there is a potential possibility that some nodes do not have a common share in the key pool. The purpose of this paper is to devise a peer to peer key sharing protocol (PPKP) based on Quorum system and Diffie-Hellman key exchange scheme (DHS). The PPKP establishes a session key by creating a shared key using the DHS and then scrambles it based on Quorum system to secure that. The protocol reduces the number of necessary keys than the previous schemes and could solve the non-common key sharing possibility problem in the probabilistic schemes.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.520-527
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• 2015

ETSI(European Telecommunications Standards Institute) EN 301 790에서는 광대역 위성망에서 제공되어야 할 두 가지 보안 서비스를 기술하고 있는데, 하나는 사용자(개체) 인증 서비스이고, 다른 하나는 사용자들 간의 데이터의 흐름이나 사용자와 관리자간의 데이터의 흐름을 악의적으로 공격하여 허락되지 않도록 불법적인 접근으로부터 데이터를 보호하는 기밀성 서비스이다. 특히, 기밀성 서비스를 제공하기 위해 ETSI에서는 NCC(Network Control Centre)와 RCST(Return Channel Satellite Terminal) 사이에 Main Key Exchange, Quick Key Exchange, 그리고 Explicit Key Exchange 세 가지 키 교환 프로토콜을 제시하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ETSI 표준의 키 교환 프로토콜을 분석하고, 성능 분석과 성능 평가를 통하여 키 교환 프로토콜의 효율성과 장단점을 분석한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.361-364
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• 2015

Gynandromorphic ticks are extremely rare, and often attract parasitologists' attention. During our examination of tick specimens, an engorged gynandromorph of Hyalomma asiaticum was noticed. This is the first record of gynandromorphic ticks from China. In this study, several important morphological structures of normal and gynandromorphic H. asiaticum were analyzed. Comparing to the normal H. asiaticum, the gynandromorphic specimen was a typical bipartite protogynander. Its right side showed normal female characteristics, whereas the left side had normal male traits. Different from other gynandromorphic ticks containing 1 anus, this tick reported here had 2 complete anuses, and the anus of the male part had a single adanal plate.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

기존의 보안 메커니즘들은 센서 노드의 자원의 제약 사항들로 인해 센서 네트워크 분야에서는 적용하기 쉽지 않다. 따라서 센서 네트워크상의 보안 이슈들은 센서 네트워크의 구현에 있어서 선행적으로 해결되어야 하는 문제로 인식된다. 이런 보안 이슈들 중 키 설정은 두 노드들 간의 보안 통신을 위해 초기 단계에서 해결되어야 하는 매우 중요한 보안 요소이다. 최근 R. Anderson 등에 의해 Key Infection이라는 commodity sensor network 상의 키 설정 방법이 제안되었지만 key infection의 경우 공격자가 초기 키 설정 시간에 전송되는 키 정보를 감청할 수 있는 영역이 존재하는 본질적인 취약점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 key infection의 위험 영역을 효율적으로 줄이는 보안 메커니즘을 제안함으로써 key infection의 보안성 향상을 위한 키 설정 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 보안 메커니즘은 key infection의 위험 영역을 줄이기 위해 초기 키 설정 시에 다른 이웃 노드의 정보를 추가적으로 이용하여 공유키 쌍(pair-wise key)을 생성한다. 추가적인 키 정보를 이용함으로써 새로운 위험 영역을 얻을 수 있으며 이 영역은 기존 key infection의 위험 영역보다 면적이 감소하였기 때문에 보다 보안이 향상된 키 설정을 할 수 있다. 또한 제안된 보안 메커니즘의 안전성 평가를 위해 논리적, 수학적 관점에서 비교 평가한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.2375-2393
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• 2016

Key agreement is paramount in secure wireless communications. A promising approach to address key agreement schemes is to extract secure keys from channel characteristics. However, because channels lack randomness, it is difficult for wireless networks with stationary communicating terminals to generate robust keys. In this paper, we propose a Robust Secure Key Agreement (RSKA) scheme from Received Signal Strength (RSS) in stationary wireless networks. In order to mitigate the asymmetry in RSS measurements for communicating parties, the sender and receiver normalize RSS measurements and quantize them into q-bit sequences. They then reshape bit sequences into new l-bit sequences. These bit sequences work as key sources. Rather than extracting the key from the key sources directly, the sender randomly generates a bit sequence as a key and hides it in a promise. This is created from a polynomial constructed on the sender's key source and key. The receiver recovers the key by reconstructing a polynomial from its key source and the promise. Our analysis shows that the shared key generated by our proposed RSKA scheme has features of high randomness and a high bit rate compared to traditional RSS-based key agreement schemes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.464-468
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• 2013

The widespread use of cryptographic technologies is complicated by inconsistencies and duplication in the key management systems supporting their applications. The proliferation of key management systems or protocols also results in higher operational and infrastructure costs, and fails in interoperability. Thus, it is essential to realize key management interoperability between different and heterogeneous cryptosystems. This paper presents a practical and separable key management system for heterogeneous public-key cryptosystems. We achieve the interoperability between different cryptosystems via cryptography approaches rather than communication protocols. With our scheme, each client can freely use any kind of cryptosystemthat it likes. The proposed scheme has two advantages over the key management interoperability protocol introduced by the organization for the advancement of structured information standards. One is that all the related operations do not involve the communication protocol and thus no special restrictions are taken on the client devices. The other is that the proposed scheme does not suffer from single-point fault and bottleneck problems.