• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to identify the oral care status and periodontal disease of middle aged daibetic patients in Korea. Methods: The primitive data were taken from 238 diabetic people in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) in 2010 - 2012. The variables included general profiles(gender, age, occupied area, education, and smoking), oral care status(brushing time, brushing time, use of oral hygienic supplies, availability of oral hygienic supplies, oral examination, and recognition of oral health state), and diabetes management(morbidity period, treatment, education, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels). Results: Most of the subjects took gargling more than twice a day and it accounted for 73.5%. Oral hygienic supply users accounted for 24.8%, and most of them used floss brush. Oral examination was done in 19.3% of the respondents and 55.0% thought that their oral health status were very poor. The prevalence rate of the periodontal diseases was 46.6%. Female tended to have a higher rate of periodontal disease than the male. Oral hygienic supply users had lower rate of periodntal disease than those who did not use. Those who had poor subjective oral health status had higher prevalence rate of periodontal disease than those who did not. Conclusions: Periodontal disease is closely related to good oral care of middle aged diabetic patients. It is necessary to develop the program for the prevention of the periodontal disease for the diabetic patients.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to find determinants for participation in the National health screening program participation according to sex in Korean. Methods: Data for 5,355 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI was included. Impact factors were analyzed by sex using logistic regression. Results: The participation in men rates(65.6%) higher than women(60.6%). In the case of men, those who have higher age (OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.21-0.52), higher income(OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.54-0.97), higher education (OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.36-0.81), occupation(OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.38-2.36), spouse(OR=1.95, 95% CI 1.45-2.62) were shown to have health examination more frequently. In the case of women, those who live in more developed city(OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.1-1.76), have higher age(OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26), higher income(OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26), higher education(OR=0.68, CI 0.46-0.99), occupation(OR=1.54, CI 1.32-1.80) and health insurance(OR=2.68, 95% CI 1.17-6-15) were shown to have health examination more frequently insurance were shown to have health examination more frequently. Conclusions: As a result, for both, age, income, education and occupation influenced health examination rate. Additionally, for men, marital status and for women, residence and the type of their health insurance was influenced. Individualized intervention is needed to increase participation rate.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was performed to assess problems associated with sleep (short and long sleep duration) and to identify risky subgroups with sleep problems among adult cancer survivors. The study is based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI and VII) from 2013 to 2016. Methods: The sociodemographic and clinical data of 504 Korean cancer survivors aged 20-64 years was extracted from the KNHANES VI and VII database. Descriptive statistics for complex samples was used, and decision-tree analyses were performed using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Results: The mean age for survivors was approximately 51 years. The mean sleep duration was 6.97 hours; 36.2% of participants had short (< 7 hours) and 9.9% had long (> 8 hours) sleep duration. From the decision-trees analyses, the characteristics of the adult cancer survivors related to sleep problems were presented with six different pathways. Sleep problems were analyzed according to the survivors' sociodemographic information (age, education, living status, and occupation), clinical characteristics (body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, and anemia) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The HRQoL (${\leq}0.5$ or > 0.5 cutoff point) was a significant predictor of the participants' sleep problems because all six pathways were started from this predictor in the model. Conclusion: Health care professionals could use the decision-tree model for screening adult cancer survivors with sleep problems in clinical or community settings. Nursing interventions considering these specific individual characteristics and HRQoL level should be developed to have adequate sleep duration for Korean adult cancer survivors.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.509-519
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Korea using data from the 4th KNHANES. The analytical technique employed multivariate logistic regression analysis and the major findings of this research are as follows. First, awareness of hypertension was positively associated with age, occupation, self-rated health, Body Mass Index, and health examination since 2 years ago, in both males and females. Second, treatment of hypertension was positively associated with age, self-rated health, Body Mass Index, and health examination since 2 years ago, in both males and females. Third, control of hypertension was positively associated with age, self-rated health, Body Mass Index, and health examination since 2 years ago, in both males and females. Finally, the results of analysis suggest that the government should especially focus on the vulnerable group and continue to strengthen effective efforts for improving awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.344-360
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• 2018

This study examined the sociodemographic factors, health-related habits, chronic diseases, dietary habits, and nutrient intake according to the self-rated health status in a group aged over 65 years by analyzing the nationally representative Korean survey data. A total of 1,510 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the 2016 Korean National Health and Examination Survey (KNHANES). Statistical analyses for complex samples were performed using the SPSS software package (version 19.0) The study subjects were divided into two groups (healthy group vs. unhealthy group) based on their self-rated health status. The percentage of the healthy group was 66.5%. Gender, age, education level, household income, job (P<0.001, respectively), marital status, and basic living allowance (P<0.05, respectively) were significant sociodemographic variables of the self-rated health status. Alcohol consumption (P<0.01), aerobic physical activity, stress, quality of life, not feeling very well, depression and activity restriction (P<0.001, respectively) were also significant health-related variables of the self-rated health status. Blood glucose, anemia (P<0.05, respectively), and chewing problems (P<0.001) were significant chronic disease-related variables of the self-rated health status. Adequate intakes of protein, dietary fiber, phosphorus, thiamin, niacin, vitamin C (P<0.001, respectively), calcium, sodium, potassium (P<0.01, respectively), iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin (P<0.05, respectively) were also significant variables of the self-rated health status. In complex samples multiple logistic regression analysis, the self-rated health status was influenced significantly by the aerobic physical activity (P<0.01), stress level (P<0.05), depression (P<0.001), quality of life (P<0.001), not feeling very well (P<0.001), activity restriction (P<0.001), chewing problem (P<0.05), and adequate intake of iron (P<0.05). These results suggest that activity restriction, mental health, adequate iron intake, and physical activity may be associated with the self-rated health status in the elderly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.269-276
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• 2015

In order to examine the relationship between cholesterol level on serum and depression in Korean adults, this study used data of the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). 834 persons with depressive symptoms were selected as an index group and 3,317 persons without depressive symptoms as a control group, and odds ratios were calculated by multivariate logistic regression. As a result, odds ratio of depressive symptoms was higher in low LDL group (OR=6.435, 95% CI; 2,358-17.557) than in high LDL group adjusted after monthly income, marital status, period of education, occupation, smoking status, and physical activity. Etiopathogenic mechanism must be found by convergent study in the future.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.222-232
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Since gain or loss of skeletal muscle mass is a gradual event and occurs due to a combination of lifestyle factors, assessment of dietary factors related to skeletal muscle is complicated. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in total energy intake according to the level of skeletal muscle mass. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 8,165 subjects ${\geq}30years$ of age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008-2011 were included in the analysis, and multivariate-adjusted regression analyses were performed to analyze the association of the quartiles of sarcopenia index (SI) with energy intake of the study population after adjusting for age and metabolic parameters. RESULTS: The increase in SI quartile was in proportion to the gradual decrease in systemic lipids and the anthropometric measurement of fat accumulation (P < 0.001). Subjects in higher SI quartiles tended to consume more total energy and energy-producing nutrients than those in lower quartiles (P < 0.001). After age, body weight, alcohol consumption, and metabolic parameters were adjusted in the analysis, total energy intake gradually increased according to the increase in SI quartile, and the association between total energy intake and SI was more pronounced in men. However, the risk (odd ratio) of having a low SI was not affected by any single macronutrient intake. CONCLUSION: In this study, total energy intake was positively associated with SI and relative skeletal mass in both men and women. However, no significant association or a weak association was observed between any single macronutrient intake and skeletal muscle mass. The data indicated that acquiring more energy intake within the normal range of energy consumption may help to maintain skeletal muscle mass.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.119-128
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• 2012

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between Yangsaeng and general health status. Methods : In this study, we used data from the combined 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES). Mental Yangsaeng was measured by stress recognition and depression. Food Yangsaeng was measured by breakfast skipping and mixed grain diet. Life style Yangsaeng was measured by sleeping time and working pattern. Exercise Yangsaeng was measured by walking and exercise. We defined general health status as EQ-5Dindex, EQ-5Dvas, frequency and day of lying in a sickbed in last one month and activity limitation. Results : Mental Yangsaeng, food Yangsaeng, life style Yangsaeng and exercise Yangsaeng have 8 factors. Most of factors significant correlation with EQ-5Dindex, EQ-5Dvas, frequency and day of lying in a sickbed in last one month and activity limitation. Conclusion : Yangsaeng and general health status have positive correlation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.547-553
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• 2015

BACKGROUNDS/OBJECTIVES: The effects of malnutrition on growth of toddlers and preschoolers by socioeconomic status are not well known. This study aimed to examine the effects of dietary intake on growth outcomes in toddlers and preschoolers by household income level. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study population was a total of 1,687 children aged 1 to 5 years that participated in the KNHANES from 2009 to 2011. Growth of children was assessed by height for age (HFA) and weight for height (WFH). Children were classified into three groups according to children's HFA and WFH compared to the $10^{th}$ and $90^{th}$ percentiles of the 2007 Korean Children and Adolescent Growth Standard. Average monthly household income was divided into quartile groups. Dietary intake data were obtained by using the one day 24-hr recall method. Risks of inadequate intake of nutrients and unfavorable growth were estimated by using a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for sex, age, region, and energy intake. RESULTS: The low HFA group (<$10^{th}$ percentile) had significantly lower intakes of energy, carbohydrate, and thiamin as compared with the high group (${\geq}90^{th}$ percentile). For WFH status, vitamin C intake was lower in the low group than in the high group. Household income level was related to WFH status but not HFA. Children from lower income households were more likely to have high WFH than those from higher income households (P for trend = 0.038). Household income status was also significantly related with risk of inadequate intake of micronutrients such as thiamin (P for trend = 0.032) and vitamin C (P for trend = 0.002), showing higher odds of inadequate intakes in children from lower income households. CONCLUSIONS: Children from lower income households were prone to be overweight and to have inadequate intakes of micronutrients such as thiamin and vitamin C. To reduce nutritional and health disparities, collective action in the public sector is required from early life.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.53
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• pp.345.1-345.14
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• 2018

Background: This study aimed to investigate associations between self-reported sleep duration and general and abdominal obesity in Korean adults stratified according to gender and age. Methods: Data from 41,805 adults, 18-110 years of age, collected by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2007 and 2015, were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity and abdominal obesity by sleep duration after controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Results: Among individuals 30-49 years of age, there was an increased AOR for obesity only for sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ compared with sleep duration 6 to 8 hour/day, both in men (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.02-1.54) and women (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.29-1.90), after controlling for covariates. Regarding women, there was increased AOR for abdominal obesity for sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18-1.78) and ${\geq}9hour/day$ (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.76) compared with sleep duration 6 to 8 hour/day. However, for elderly individuals (${\geq}65years$), there was a negative association between sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ and obesity, but not with abdominal obesity, in both men and women. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant association between sleep duration and obesity, which varied according to gender and age.