• Title/Summary/Keyword: KLM 시뮬레이션

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Design and Fabrication of Linear-Array Ultrasonic Transducer Using KLM and FEM Simulation for Non-Destructive Testing (KLM 및 FEM 시뮬레이션을 이용한 비파괴검사용 선형배열 초음파 탐촉자의 설계 및 제작)

  • Park, Chan-Yuk;Sung, Jin-Ho;Jeong, Jong-Seob
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.120-127
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, a linear-array transducer capable of overcoming the faults of a single element and phased array transducers with convex shape for non-destructive ultrasonic testing was designed and fabricated. A 5.5 MHz linear-array transducer was designed using the PiezoCAD program based on the KLM analysis and the PZFlex program based on the FEM analysis. A 2-2 composite structure was employed to achieve broad-band characteristics. A 128 element linear-array transducer was fabricated and its performance was compared with the simulation results. The center frequency of the fabricated transducer was 5.5 MHz and the -6 dB frequency bandwidth was 70 %. Thus, we expect that the designed transducer can provide an effective inner image of the test material during non-destructive ultrasonic testing.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS ; SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTS (시뮬레이션과 실험에 의한 초음파 transducer의 성능 해석)

  • 이병호
    • Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1985.10a
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    • pp.23-26
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    • 1985
  • 압전형 초음파 변화자의 특성을 압전체, matching layer, backing, 매질, tuning 및 구동 회로를 고려하여 해석하였다. 압전체는 KLM 모델을 이용하였고 모델변수를 실험적으로 추정하여 시뮬레이션에 대입하였다. 실험적인 RTIL(Round Trip Insertion Loss)은 면반사(plane reflection)에 대한 pulse-echo를 측정하여 계산되었으며, 이론치와 비교할 때 6-dB 주파수 대역내에서 2-dB 이하의 오차가 관찰되었다.

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Peformance Analysis of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers ; Simulation and Experiments (압전형 초음파 변환자의 성능 해석 시뮬레이션 및 실험)

  • 이종현;성굉모;이병호
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.16-20
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    • 1985
  • 압전형 초음파 변환자의 특성을 압전체, matching layer, backing, 매질, tuning 및 구동 회로를 고려하여 해석하였다. 압전체는 KLM 모델을 이용하였고, 모델변수를 실험적으로 추정하여 시뮬레이션 에 대입하였다. 실험적인 RTIL은 면반사에 대한 pulse-echo를 측정하여 계산하였으며, 이론치와 비교할 때 20 dB 주파수 대역내에서 3 dB 이하의 오차가 관찰되었다.

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Study on Ultrasonic Transducer for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Highly Attenuative Material Using PMN-PT Single Crystal (PMN-PT 압전 단결정을 이용한 고감쇠 재료 비파괴 평가용 초음파 탐촉자 연구)

  • Kim, Ki-Bok;Ahn, Bong-Young;Kim, Young-Gil;Park, Sang-Ki;Ha, Jeong-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.313-320
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    • 2007
  • Recently, a new class of single-crystal piezoelectric materials such as lead metanibobate doped with lead titanate (PMN-PT) has been synthesized and were found to further enhance the electro-mechanical coupling factor compared to piezo-ceramic materials. This paper describes fabrication and evaluation of PMN-PT single crystal ultrasonic transducers for contact measurement of stainless steel that is one of the highly attenuative materials. The design conditions for ultrasonic transducer such as front matching layer between test materials and piezo-material and backing materials were investigated based on the simulation results by KLM model. The PMN-PT single crystal ultrasonic transducers with centre frequencies at 1 and 2.25 MHz were fabricated and their performances were evaluated.

Fabrication of a PMN-PZT needle hydrophone for photoacoustic imaging (광음향 영상화를 위한 PMN-PZT 바늘형 수중청음기 제작)

  • Fan, Xiaofeng;Cao, Yonggang;Ha, Kanglyeol;Kim, Moojoon;Kang, Hyun Wook;Oh, Junghwan
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 2016
  • For application to several MHz photoacoustic imaging systems, a needle hydrophone was designed and fabricated by using PMN-PZT piezoelectric single crystal, and its characteristics were evaluated through comparison with a commercial PVDF(Polybinylidene Fluoride) hydrophone of which receiving sensitivity is known. The simulation using the KLM model results show that the peak receiving impulse response for $50{\Omega}$ terminating impedance of the fabricated hydrophone is -261.6 dB re $1V/{\mu}Pa$ and the frequency response is relatively flat over 2 ~ 12 MHz with fluctuation less than 5 dB. The measurement results using tone burst signals also show that it has higher (ave. 10.9 dB) sensitivity than the commercial hydrophone in 2 ~ 8 MHz, and the receiving sensitivity of $-255.8{\pm}2.8$ dB re $1V/{\mu}Pa$ was measured for the fabricated hydrophone. In addition, it is known that the photoacoustic signals and the image of a hair obtained by a mechanical scanned photoacoustic imaging system with the fabricated hydrophone were bigger and better than those obtained with the commercial hydrophone.

Fabrication and Evaluation of a VHF Focusing Ultrasonic Transducer Made of PVDF Piezoelectric Film (PVDF 압전막을 이용한 초고주파 집속 초음파 트랜스듀서의 제작 및 특성 평가)

  • Yoon, Ju-Ho;Oh, Jung-Hwan;Kim, Jung-Soon;Kim, Moo-Joon;Ha, Kang-Lyeol
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.215-222
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    • 2011
  • In order to obtain high resolution images, a focusing ultrasonic transducer operated in very high frequency (VHF) range was fabricated and its characteristics were evaluated. A 9-${\mu}m$ thick PVDF film with only one metalized surface for electric ground was adhered to a CCP (Copper-clad polyimide) film by using epoxy. It was pressed by a metal ball to form a concave surface and its rear side was filled with the epoxy. The radius of curvature and the f-number of the fabricated transducer are 7.5 mm and 1.7, respectively. The pulse-echo measurement results from a target located at the focal point showed that the frequency bandwidth was 35.0 MHz and the insertion loss near the peak frequency of approximately 40 MHz was about 60 dB. Those values agreed well with the simulation results by the KLM equivalent circuit analysis including the effect of the epoxy bonding layer. When the image of thin copper lines by the 35 MHz transducer of the UBM (Ultrasonic Backscattering Microscope) system was compared with the image by the transducer fabricated in this study, the fabricated transducer was observed that the axial resolution was improved although the lateral resolution was degraded.

Effect of a Bonding Layer between Electrodes on the Performance of a λ/4-Mode PVDF Ultrasound Transducer (λ/4 모드 PVDF 초음파 트랜스듀서에 있어서 전극 사이의 접합층이 성능에 미치는 영향)

  • Cao, Yonggang;Ha, Kanglyeol;Kim, Moojoon;Kim, Jungsoon
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.102-110
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    • 2014
  • The effect of a bonding layer on the performance of a quarter-wave (${\lambda}/4$) mode PVDF ultrasound transducer having not only a piezoelectric layer but also a non-piezoelectric layer between two electrodes was analyzed. The equivalent circuit of a transmission line model by Kikuchi et al.[Sound of IEICE, 55-A, 331-338 (1981)] was introduced for the analysis. The validity of the model was confirmed by comparison with a KLM model for three postulated adhesion cases of a $80{\mu}m$ thick piezoelectric PVDF film to a copper (Cu) backer. The pulse-echo responses of five PVDF transducers, each fabricated with a different thickness ($5{\mu}m{\sim}20{\mu}m$) of the bonding layer, were measured and the results were compared with those by simulation. The two results were in good agreement with each other and it was noted that the effect of the bonding layer on the performance of the transducer could be analyzed by the Kikuchi model. In detail, the $20{\mu}m$ bonding layer decreased the center frequency and the bandwidth by about 19.7 % and 25.0 %, respectively, and increased the insertion loss by 57.2 %.