• 제목/요약/키워드: KJO

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대한치과교정학회지(KJO)와 미국교정학회지(AJODO)에서 사용된 통계기법의 비교분석 및 고찰(1999-2003) (A Review of Statistical Methods in the Korean Journal of Orthodontics and the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics)

  • 임회정
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.371-379
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구는 1999-2003년 사이에 출판된 대한치과교정학회지(KJO)의 논문 247편과 American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO)의 논문 250편들이 사용하고 있는 통계기법들을 연도별로 조사 비교하였다. 각각의 저널에서 어떠한 통계기법들이 자주 사용되었는지, 최근 들어 통계기법의 변화가 있었는지 자주 쓰이는 통계기법들에 대한 주의할 점을 고려했는지 어떠한 고급통계기법을 사용하였는지를 살펴보았다. KJO는 이 기간 동안의 모든 논문을 연구대상으로 하였고 AJODO는 각 해마다 50편의 논문을 original article이면서 통계기법을 사용한 논문들 중에서 무작위로 추출하였다. 빈번히 사용된 통계기법은 KJO의 논문에서는 t-검정, 분산분석, 상관분석. 비모수분석, 회귀분석, $x^2-$검정. 요인 분석의 순이었고 AJODO의 논문에서는 t-검정. 분산분석. 비모수분석, 상관분석, 회귀분석, $x^2$-검정, 요인분석의 순이었다. 5년 동안의 통계기법의 변화를 살펴본 결과 KJO에서는 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으나$(x^2=17.38,\;p = 0.6881)$ AJODO에서는 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다.$(x^2=42.41,\;p =0.0397)$ 각 통계분석에 해당하는 가정의 점검을 간과한 경우가 있었으며 통계분석 전에 이상치 등의 자료의 탐색이 필요하며 소표본일 경우 좀 더 다른 통계적 접근 방법이 필요하다 고급통계기법으로는 KJO에서는 인자분석과 판별분석을 통해 부정교합자에게 적용이 가능한 골격유형의 감별기준을 도출하였고 AJODO에서는 다기관센터를 통한 임상시험에서 ITT분석을 실시하였으며 생존분석 죈 GEE분석을 실시하였다. 단순한 통계기법만으로는 정확한 자료의 분석이 행해졌다고 보기는 어렵고 자료와 가설에 맞는 단변수 분석후의 다변량 통계 분석 방법을 통하여 정확한 결론을 유추해 내는 노력이 필요하다 치과학 분야의 자료의 특성 중 하나는 서로 상관관계가 높으며 반복 측정치를 가지는 것인데, 올바른 통계기법을 도입하여 그 결과에 대한 바른 해석을 할 수 있도록 해야 하겠다.

한국에서 뒷부리장다리물떼새 (Recurvirostra avosetta)의 첫 번식 사례 보고 (First breeding record of Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta) in South Korea)

  • 박헌우;최순규;오동필;박운남
    • 한국조류학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.101-105
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    • 2018
  • 2018년 6월 22일 전라북도 군산시 새만금 매립지에서 뒷부리장다리물떼새(Recurvirostra avosetta)의 번식을 확인하였다. 번식장소는 인위적으로 조성된 간척습지였으며, 이소한 유조 4개체가 성조와 함께 지속적으로 행동하는 것이 관찰되었다. 이는 국내에서 최초 번식기록이며, 극동아시아에서 뒷부리장다리물떼새의 최남단 번식에 해당한다.

아동 비만의 예방 및 치료를 위한 운동 전략 (Exercise Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity in Children)

  • 조진경;한진희;강현식;윤진환
    • Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.156-161
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    • 2014
  • 전 세계적으로 비만 인구는 증가 추세에 있고 그중 소아 청소년의 비만 유병률이 급속한 증가 추세에 있다. 소아 청소년 비만은 성인비만으로 이어지며 당뇨병, 고지혈증, 고혈압, 대사증후군과 같은 만성질환을 동반하는 것으로 알려진다. 소아 청소년의 비만은 체력, 신체활동, 좌식생활의 증가 및 서구화된 식이 습관과 같은 생활습관과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 따라서 균형 잡힌 식이습관과 유산소성 운동 그리고 적절한 저항성 운동을 개입시키고 좌식시간을 수정하는 것이 비만 치료에 권고된다. 본 미니 종설에서는 소아 청소년 비만 치료에 효과적인 수단으로써 다각적인 신체활동 전략에 대해 고찰하였다.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thicknesses Did Not Change in Long-term Hydroxychloroquine Users

  • Lee, Eun Jung;Kim, Sang Jin;Han, Jong Chul;Eo, Doo Ri;Lee, Min Gyu;Ham, Don-Il;Kang, Se Woong;Kee, Changwon;Lee, Jaejoon;Cha, Hoon-Suk;Koh, Eun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.459-469
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: To evaluate changes in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) users. Methods: The medical records of HCQ users were retrospectively reviewed. In these HCQ users, an automated perimetry, fundus autofluorescence photography, and SD-OCT with peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements were performed. The peripapillary RNFL thicknesses were compared between the HCQ users and the control groups. The relationships between the RNFL thicknesses and the duration or cumulative dosage of HCQ use were analyzed. Results: This study included 77 HCQ users and 20 normal controls. The mean duration of HCQ usage was $63.6{\pm}38.4$ months, and the cumulative dose of HCQ was $528.1{\pm}3.44g$. Six patients developed HCQ retinopathy. Global and six sectoral RNFL thicknesses of the HCQ users did not significantly decrease compared to those of the normal controls. No significant correlation was found between the RNFL thickness and the duration of use or cumulative dose. The eyes of those with HCQ retinopathy had temporal peripapillary RNFL thicknesses significantly greater than that of normal controls. Conclusions: The peripapillary RNFL thicknesses did not change in the HCQ users and did not correlate with the duration of HCQ use or cumulative doses of HCQ. RNFL thickness is not a useful biomarker for the early detection of HCQ retinal toxicity.

Comparison of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Methods Following Myopic Laser Refractive Surgery: New Options Using a Rotating Scheimpflug Camera

  • Cho, Kyuyeon;Lim, Dong Hui;Yang, Chan-min;Chung, Eui-Sang;Chung, Tae-Young
    • Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.497-505
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: To evaluate and compare published methods of calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power following myopic laser refractive surgery. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of 69 patients (69 eyes) who had undergone myopic laser refractive surgery previously and subsequently underwent cataract surgery at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, South Korea from January 2010 to June 2016. None of the patients had pre-refractive surgery biometric data available. The Haigis-L, Shammas, Barrett True-K (no history), Wang-Koch-Maloney, Scheimpflug total corneal refractive power (TCRP) 3 and 4 mm (SRK-T and Haigis), Scheimpflug true net power, and Scheimpflug true refractive power (TRP) 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm (SRK-T and Haigis) methods were employed. IOL power required for target refraction was back-calculated using stable post-cataract surgery manifest refraction, and implanted IOL power and formula accuracy were subsequently compared among calculation methods. Results: Haigis-L, Shammas, Barrett True-K (no history), Wang-Koch-Maloney, Scheimpflug TCRP 4 mm (Haigis), Scheimpflug true net power 4 mm (Haigis), and Scheimpflug TRP 4 mm (Haigis) formulae showed high predictability, with mean arithmetic prediction errors and standard deviations of $-0.25{\pm}0.59$, $-0.05{\pm}1.19$, $0.00{\pm}0.88$, $-0.26{\pm}1.17$, $0.00{\pm}1.09$, $-0.71{\pm}1.20$, and $0.03{\pm}1.25$ diopters, respectively. Conclusions: Visual outcomes within 1.0 diopter of target refraction were achieved in 85% of eyes using the calculation methods listed above. Haigis-L, Barrett True-K (no history), and Scheimpflug TCRP 4 mm (Haigis) and TRP 4 mm (Haigis) methods showed comparably low prediction errors, despite the absence of historical patient information.

Relationship between Progressive Changes in Lamina Cribrosa Depth and Deterioration of Visual Field Loss in Glaucomatous Eyes

  • Kim, You Na;Shin, Joong Won;Sung, Kyung Rim
    • Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.470-477
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the progression of visual field (VF) loss and changes in lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) as determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) enhanced depth imaging in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: Data from 60 POAG patients (mean follow-up, $3.5{\pm}0.7$ years) were included in this retrospective study. The LCD was measured in the optic disc image using SD-OCT enhanced depth imaging scanning at each visit. Change in the LCD was considered to either 'increase' or 'decrease' when the differences between baseline and the latest two consecutive follow-up visits were greater than the corresponding reproducibility coefficient value ($23.08{\mu}m$, as determined in a preliminary reproducibility study). All participants were divided into three groups: increased LCD (ILCD), decreased LCD (DLCD), and no LCD change (NLCD). The Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial criteria were used to define VF deterioration. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox's proportional hazard models were performed to explore the relationship between VF progression and LCD change. Results: Of the 60 eyes examined, 35.0% (21 eyes), 28.3% (17 eyes), and 36.7% (22 eyes) were classified as the ILCD, DLCD, and NLCD groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a greater cumulative probability of VF progression in the ILCD group than in the NLCD (p < 0.001) or DLCD groups (p = 0.018). Increased LCD was identified as the only risk factor for VF progression in the Cox proportional hazard models (hazard ratio, 1.008; 95% confidence interval, 1.000 to 1.015; p = 0.047). Conclusions: Increased LCD was associated with a greater possibility of VF progression. The quantitative measurement of LCD changes, determined by SD-OCT, is a potential biomarker for the prediction of VF deterioration in patients with POAG.