• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3163-3168
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• 2013

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a central role in folate metabolism. This study with 381 esophageal cancer patients and 432 healthy controls was conducted to examine the association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with susceptibility to esophageal cancer (EC) in a Chinese population. Compared with the CC genotype of MTHFR C677T, subjects carrying homozygote TT and variant genotypes (CT+TT) demonstrated reduced risk of EC with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 0.44 (0.28-0.71) and 0.57 (0.37-0.88), respectively. However, no association was found between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and the risk of EC. Comparing to haplotype CA, haplotypes TA and TC could reduce the susceptibility to EC with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 0.61(0.47-0.79) and 0.06 (0.01-0.43), respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism can markedly influence the risk of EC in Chinese.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.489-492
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• 2015

Although Toxoplasma gondii infection in primary school children has been investigated in many countries, limited surveys have been available in primary school children in China. In the present study, we report the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in primary school children in Shandong province, China. Sera from 6,000 primary school children were evaluated for T. gondii antibodies with ELISA. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 16.0% (961/6,000), of which 14.5% (870/6,000) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies, 3.4% (206/6,000) positive for IgM, and 1.9% (115/6,000) were positive for both IgG and IgM. The results of the present investigation indicated a high seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in primary school children in Shandong province, China. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to prevent and control T. gondii infection in primary school children in this province. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T. gondii seroprevalence in primary school children in Shandong province, China.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 1987

This experiment was performed on mice to investigate the effects of an immunopotentiator, picibanil(PC), on the immune responses such as phagocytic activity of reticuloen-dothelial(RE) system, E rosette formation rate of splenic lmphocytes and morphological changes of lymph node tissue. Groups of mice were treated with a single(1KE/kg BW) or sequential(0.1, 0.25 and 0.5KE/kg BW for successive 3 days) intravenous injections of PC. PC treated and untreated control mice were sensitized with 50% sheep erythrocyte suspension(0.2ml/mouse) at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after PC treatment. Functional and morphological examinations were carried out 5 days after sensitization. The following results were obtained: The phagocytic activity of RE system and the weight of liver and spleen were increased significantly at 3rd, 5th and 7th day. The peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte and percent of lymphocyte and monocyte were slightly increased. The rates of E rosette formation of splenic lymphotytes, sequential PC treated groups were more increased at 3rd and 5th day in sequential PC treated groups than in single treated groups. Thereafter it returned gradually to the control level by the time of 10th day. Microscopically primary lymph follicles with indistinct germinal center (GC) were partially disrupted and the parafollicular areas were consisted of the pyroninophilic cells in control group. In PC treated group, the parafollicular areas were markedly proliferated and developments of secondary lymph follicles with enlarged and prominent GC were more pronounced in the sequential injected groups compared to single injected groups. These results indicate that PC affected not only parafollicular area of the T-cell area, but also GC of the B-cell area. It suggests that PC may potentiate both cell mediated immunity and humoral immunity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2001

Nano-scale gate length MOSFET devices require extremely shallow source/drain eftension region with junction depth of 20∼30nm. In this work, 20nm $n^{+}$-p junctions that are realized by using this $As_{2}^{+}$ low energy ($\leq$10keV) implantation show the lower sheet resistance of the $1.0k\Omega$/$\square$ after rapid thermal annealing process. The $As_{2}^{+}$ implantation and RTA process make it possible to fabricate the nano-scale NMOSFET of gate length of 70nm. $As_{2}^{+}$ 5 keV NMOSFET shows a small threshold voltage roll-off of 60mV and a DIBL effect of 87.2mV at 100nm gate length devices. The electrical characteristics of the fabricated devices with the heavily doped and abrupt $n^{+}$-p junctions ($N_{D}$〉$10^{20}$$cm^{-3}$, $X_{j}$$\leq$20nm) suggest the feasibility of the nano-scale NMOSFET device fabrication using the $As_{2}^{+}$ low energy ion implantation.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.243-263
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• 1993

One hundred forty two digital spectra of 110 standard stars with 1 A resolution in ${\lambda}{\lambda}\;3000\;A\;{\sim}4150\;A$ region were analyzed to determine the spectral indices sensitive to the atmospheric parameters. The standard stars cover the temperature in the range of $T_eff$ from ${\sim}4000^{\circ}$ to ${\sim}7000^{\circ}\;K$ and the surface gravity in the range of log g from 0 to 5 and the metal abundance [Fe/H] from -2.7 to 0.4. We have derived physical parameters, theta(=T/5040), log g, and [Fe/H] for the standard stars using indices, P(38/93), Fe I(A), Fe I(B), SrII, and $H{\delta}$, with overall accuracies of 0.067, 0.617, and 0.466, respectively. However for some region of spectral type and metallicity, those can be obtained with better accuracies. Those indices are found to be useful especially for stellar gravity determination.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.494-497
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• 1996

The effect of implanted nitrogen and carbon ion into SUS 304 on the absorption of hydrogen by cathodic chaging were studied. Implantations of $N^+$, $C^+$ were performed with doses of $3\times10^{17}$ ions $\textrm{cm}^2$ and $5\times10^{17}N^+cm^2$, and $5\times10^{17}C^+cm^2$, at an energy of 90 keV. Nitrides and carbide were investigatedby X-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Formation of hydrides during cathodic charging were depressed by a modified surface layer. It is concluded that the both nitrides and carbides act as the barrier of hydrogen migration and the catalyst of desorption of cathodically charged hydrogen.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.30A no.2
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• pp.36-45
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• 1993

The n-channel MOSFETs with gate-$n^{-}$S/D overlapped structure have been fabricated by ITLDD(inverse-T gate lightly doped drain) technology. The gate length(L$_{mask}$) was 0.8$\mu$m. The degradation effects of hot carriers injected into the gate oxide were analyzed in terms of threshold voltage, transconductance and drain current variations. The degradation dependences on the gate voltage and drain voltage were characterized. The devices with higher n-concentration showed higher resistivity against the hot carrier injection. As the results of investigating the lifetime of the device, the lifetime showed longer than 10 years at V$_{d}$ = 5V for the overlapped devices with the implantation of an phosphorus dose of 5$\times$10$^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$ and an energy of 80 keV in the n$^{-}$resion.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.392-397
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• 1995

The effect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) on the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ level was studied in NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. A reduction of the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ level was observed after exposure to 300 ${\mu}m$ MNNG. However, the intracellular level of $IP_3$, a well-known regulator of $Ca^{2+}$ release from internal storage, was not changed by MNNG treatment. Instead, a reduction of the intracellular NAD level was observed. NAD as well as $IP_3$ stimulated intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release from permeabilized cells. The treatment of 3-aminobenzamide, which inhibited the MNNG-induced reduction of the NAD level, also prevented the MNNG-induced decrease of the $Ca^{2+}$ level. Our data suggest that MNNG reduces the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ level by NAD depletion in NIH3T3 cells.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.91-94
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• 2023

자연스러운 상호작용이 가능한 인공지능 에이전트를 개발하기 위해서는 언어적 표현뿐 아니라, 비언어적 표현 또한 고려되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 발화문으로부터 비언어적 표현인 모션을 생성하는 연구를 소개한다. 유튜브 영상으로부터 데이터셋을 구축하고, Text to Motion의 기존 모델인 T2M-GPT와 이종 모달리티 데이터를 연계 학습한 VL-KE-T5의 언어 인코더를 활용하여 구현한 모델로 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 한국어 발화 텍스트에 대해 생성된 모션 표현은 FID 스코어 0.11의 성능으로 나타났으며, 한국어 발화 정보 기반 비언어 표현 정보 생성의 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.449-452
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• 2013

Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes have been shown to influence DNA repair processes and to modify cancer susceptibility. Here we conducted a case-control study to assess the role of potential SNPs of DNA repair genes on the risk of glioma and meningioma. We included 297 cases and 458 cancer-free controls. Genotyping of XRCC1 Gln399Arg, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC2 Arg188His, XRCC3 Thr241Met, XRCC4 Ala247Ser, ERCC1 Asn118Asp, ERCC2 Lys751Gln and ERCC5 Asp1558His were performed in a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. XRCC1 Arg194Trp (rs1799782) and ERCC2 Asp312Asn rs1799793 did not follow the HWE in control group, and genotype distributions of XRCC1 Gln399Arg rs25487, XRCC2 Arg188His rs3218536 and ERCC2 Asp312Asn rs1799793 were significantly different between cases and controls (P<0.05). We found XRCC1 399G/G, XRCC1 194 T/T and XRCC3 241T/T were associated with a higher risk when compared with the wild-type genotype. For ERCC5 Asp1558His, we found G/G genotype was associated with elevated susceptibility. In conclusion, our study has shown that XRCC1 Gln399Arg, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC3 Thr241Met and ERCC5 Asp1558His are associated with risk of gliomas and meningiomas. This finding could be useful in identifying the susceptibility genes for these cancers.