• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.355-366
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of water quality and the patterns of self-purification with season in Gokneung stream. The vegetation in the ecosystem around Gokneung stream was dominated by Quercus species. In the physicochemical analysis based on the contents of DO, BOD, conductivity and total phosphorus, the upstream seemed to have been polluted, but the downstream was self-purified. In biological investigation by bentic macroinvertebrates, the result was similar to that in the physicochemical analysis. The self-purification constant based on BOD of the upstream, 1.013, was the highest. In the self-purification constants with month, that of September was 0.995 and that of January was 0.272. These results indicated that the self purification capacities of spring and autumn were larger than those of winter and summer in Gokneung stream.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.324-350
• /
• 2020

COVID-19 has challenged the pandemic response capability of many countries. Many governments around the world have imposed strict quarantine measures and border control to slow the spread of the virus. In the Philippines, the longest community quarantine has been imposed in the National Capital Region (NCR). However, the effectiveness of such measures is dependent on the cooperation of the public. The objective of this study was to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of selected employees in the NCR. An online survey was conducted June 4-18, 2020, with 100 employed people living in the NCR. Frequencies and percentages were computed to describe the respondents' answers, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the differences in the respondents' KAP levels according to selected demographic characteristics. Of those surveyed, 92% have a high knowledge of COVID-19. The respondents have a positive attitude toward the need for health education and the seriousness of COVID-19, as well as stricter measures against the pandemic, but are less positive in terms of how the government is responding to the pandemic. They also follow strict measures that will prevent the further spread of the virus. The results highlight the respondents' favorability of stricter government measures to control the spread of COVID-19, including the reimposition of an enhanced community quarantine in the NCR.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 1992

The ultrastructural changes and differentiation mechanism of chromoplasts and leucoplasts from Proplastids in root tip cells of Panax ginseng seedlings were studied with transmission electron microscope. Initial cells have so many proplastids with a few osmiophilic droplets and a lot of mitochon dria at early stage of germination, therefore electron density of cytoplasm is generally higher than that of the other cells just like periblem, plerome and root cap. Proplastids are observed in the initial cells, but only leucoplasts appeared in the central root cap cells. Because root cap cells are derived ultimately from initial cells, the cell organelles in the root cap cells are directly related by those of initial cells. This result postulates that leucoplast is diferentiated from proplastid, and this is the same with other's concepts. On the contrary, the precise observations of chromoplast with crystalline inclusions in the peripheral root cap cells can conclude the direct pathway of chromoplast development from proplastid. Because of the differences of these result from those of other experiments, new scheme of plastid development, direct differentiation of chromoplast from proplastid, can be postulated. And this is the originality of this research on the differentiation of plastids.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to select optimal probability distribution based on design accumulated monthly mean inflow from the viewpoint of drought by Gamma (GAM), Generalized extreme value (GEV), Generalized logistic (GLO), Generalized normal (GNO), Generalized pareto (GPA), Gumbel (GUM), Normal (NOR), Pearson type 3 (PT3), Wakeby (WAK) and Kappa (KAP) distributions for the observed accumulative monthly mean inflow of Chungjudam. L-moment ratio was calculated using observed accumulative monthly mean inflow. Parameters of 10 probability distributions were estimated by the method of L-moments with the observed accumulated monthly mean inflow. Design accumulated monthly mean inflows obtained by the method of L-moments using different methods for plotting positions formulas in the 10 probability distributions were compared by relative mean error (RME) and relative absolute error (RAE) respectively. It has shown that the design accumulative monthly mean inflow derived by the method of L-moments using Weibull plotting position formula in WAK and KAP distributions were much closer to those of the observed accumulative monthly mean inflow in comparison with those obtained by the method of L-moment with the different formulas for plotting positions in other distributions from the viewpoint of RME and RAE.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.32-43
• /
• 2015

This study suggests an electronic brokerage system that has the capability of efficiently matching dispatching delivery tasks with trucks. In the brokerage system, individual truck drivers and shippers are allowed to participate in the dispatching process through the internet or wireless communication. An auction-based dispatching method for the electronic brokerage system is suggested. The basic rationale of the auction-based dispatching method-which is a distributed decision-making process-is discussed. The performance of the suggested algorithms is evaluated by a simulation study.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1998.07a
• /
• pp.43-45
• /
• 1998

This paper presents the results of an experimental study for the pantograph brush used to concact-line system in UTM-01(Urban Transit Maglev Vehicle). The contact resistance and the power collect capability are measured by the alloyed copper and the carbon brush. Measured results are considered to performance improvement for the pantograph.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.15
• /
• pp.6095-6098
• /
• 2014

Background:Cervical cancer is potentially the most preventable and treatable cancer. Despite the known efficacy of cervical screening, a significant number of women do not avail themselves of the procedure due to lack of awareness. Objectives: This study was conducted to elicit information on the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding screening (Pap test) and vaccination for carcinoma cervix among female doctors and nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore and to assess barriers to acceptance of the Pap test. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire among female health professionals. The study subjects were interviewed for KAP regarding risk factors for cancer cervix, Pap test and HPV vaccination for protection against carcinoma cervix. Results: Higher proportion of doctors 45 (78.9%) had very good knowledge as compared to only 13 (13.3%) of the nurses, about risk factors for cancer cervix and Pap test (p=0.001). As many as 138(89.6%) of the study subjects had favorable attitude towards Pap test and vaccination, but 114 (73.6%) of the study subjects never had a Pap test and the most common reason 35 (31%) for not practicing was absence of disease symptoms. Conclusions: In spite of good knowledge and attitudes towards cancer cervix and Pap test being good, practice remained low among the study subjects and most common reasons for not undergoing Pap test was absence of disease symptoms. The independent predictors of ever having a Pap test done was found to be the occupation and duration of married life above 9yrs. Hence there is a strong need to improve uptake of Pap test by health professionals by demystifying the barriers.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.547-554
• /
• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify the relationship between bovine brucellosis prevalence, farmers' knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), and social factors on migratory draft cattle and smallholder dairy farms in the central dry zone of Myanmar. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 migratory and 38 dairy cattle farms between August 2020 and February 2021. A structured questionnaire was used to identify farmers' behaviors. Bulk milk was sampled and tested using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). STATA 17 was used for all the analyses. Results: Migratory cattle farms had a higher farm level brucellosis prevalence (14.8%) than dairy farms (2.6%; χ² = 3.75; df = 1; p = 0.05). Only 2.8% of the farmers had knowledge about brucellosis, while 39.1% and 41.6% had attitudes and farm practices with respect to brucellosis, respectively in the study area. Socio-economic attribute of training in animal husbandry (p<0.01), raising system (p<0.01), practice of separating the aborted cow (p<0.01) were negatively associated to brucellosis. The overall farm level brucellosis prevalence was strongly associated with cattle herd size (p = 0.01), free movement grazing practices (p<0.01), practice of self-removal of placental debris without using personal protective equipment (p<0.01) and farmers' attitudes towards eating cow placenta debris (p<0.01). Conclusion: Farmers had little knowledge of brucellosis. Attitudes and practices differed significantly between migratory and dairy farmers. Training and extension programs are necessary to make farmers aware of their KAP situation since livestock migration and the custom of eating cow placental debris contribute to the spread of brucellosis. Persistent efforts are required to reduce the adverse effects of brucellosis. Therefore, the study suggests that a feasible control intervention and public awareness campaigns need to be conducted regarding methods of preventing human exposure to brucellosis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.29 no.3 s.54
• /
• pp.579-596
• /
• 1996

The first purpose of this study was to compare the mean Knowledge, Attitude & Practice(KAP) scores concerning major occupational health between two types of occupational health management in small & medium-scale textile factories. Sample number was 1,138 workers. In small & medium factories with 300 workers or less, they have two alternatives for occupational health management ; Individual Health Management or Vicarious Health Management. The second purpose was to determine if there was a relationship between duration of Vicarious health management and mean KAP scores for 694 workers from the Vicarious Health Management group. We used self-administered questionnaires for measuring KAP. The results of this study were; 1. There was significant difference concerning all socioeconomic & occupational variables (gender, age, education level, marital status, Blue/White collar, working duration of present factory, working duration of total factories) except for shift. 2. There was no significant difference of mean scores of Knowledge and Attitude between the Individual Health Management Group and the Vicarious Health Management. But, the mean score of Practice was significantly different. 3. According to multiple regression analysis, the mean score of Knowledge significantly increased with age, education level, working duration of all factories increased. The mean score of Attitude significantly increased with age, education level and married. The mean score of Practice significantly increased with age, education level, working duration of all factories, married and men. 4. In conclusion, The type of Health management did not significantly affect the mean KAP scores concerning major occupational Health problems. 5. But, the Duration of Vicarious Health management significantly increased the mean KAP scores.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2011.10a
• /
• pp.1536-1541
• /
• 2011

Simple girder bridges are more economical than commonly used PSC box girder bridges in high-speed railway construction, if they secure the riding stability. In this study, the dynamic behavior and riding stability of the newly developed precast V-girder bridge are analyzed. The dynamic moving load analysis is used including two train load case : the KTX train and freight train.