• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.345-351
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• 2004

ln the present work to determine effect of a Streptococcus pneumoniae conjugate vaccine, S.pneumoniae capsule attached to the surface protein (JY-Pol) was ex amined. This JY-Pol contained approximately 92% and 6% carbohydrate and protein, respectively. Gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of the surface protein in the JY-Pol. By the double immunodiffusion and isotyping ELISA analyses, administration of JY-Pol that was adsorbed to alum adjuvant (JY-Pol/Alum) into mice induced IgM, IgG, and IgA specific for the S.pneumoniae capsule. The ATCC capsular polysaccharide adsorbed to alum (ATCC-Pol/Alum) provoked only IgM in mice. In survival tests, mice that were immunized with the JY-Pol/Alum before intravenous challenge with live S.pneumoniae survived entire period of 46 day-observation, whereas all mice that received ATCC-Pol/Alum or only diluent instead of the vaccination died within 5 and 12 days, respectively. Results from footpad-edema test showed that JY-Pol/Alum formula provoked the cellular immunity as determined by swelling of the mouse footpad. These data indicate that the naturally conjugated JY- Pol enhances resistance of mice against disseminated pneumococcal disease due to S.pneumoniae by both humoral and cellular immune responses.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 1989

The chromosomal DNA of Klebsiella penumoniae KNF1 was partially digested with HindIII. pBR322 was completely digested with same enzyme with additional alkaline phosphatase treatment. Both DNA samples were ligated and transformed into E. coli KO60. Single coloneis of the transformed cells were isolated on N0free agar media. These colonies were ampicillin-resistant and tetracycline-sensitive. When the plasmids in transformants were cured, nitrogen-fixing activities were lost. Therefore, these transformants harbored recombinant plasmid including nif genes of K. pneumoniae. Nitrogenase activity of transformant was higher than or the same as that of K. pneumoniae KNF1.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.479-485
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• 2005

The 994 throat swabs obtained from 688 adults and 306 children patients with respiratory diseases were examined for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by culture method. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the resulting 123 M. pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by testing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin, minocycline, tetracycline, josamycin, sparfloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin by a broth micro-dilution method. The erythromycin resistant strains of M. pneumoniae was determined above $1.0{\mu}g/ml$ of MIC for erythromycin. The erythromycin resistant strains of M. pneumoniae was confirmed resistant gene mutation of the portions of genes 23S rRNA (domain II and V), and ribosomal protein 14 and L22 by PCR amplified and their nucleotide sequenses were compared to those of the susceptible strain M129. The isolation rate of M. pneumoniae was $12.9\%$ (89/688) for the adults and $11.1\%$ (34/306) for the children. The $MICs_{90}$ of the M. pneumoniae isolates were $0.12{\mu}g/ml$ for minocycline, $0.25{\mu}g/ml$ for sparfloxacin, $0.5{\mu}g/ml$ for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and tetracycline, respectively, and $2.0{\mu}g/ml$ for josamycin and erythromycin, respectively. The isolation rate of erythromycin resistant M. pneumoniae from patients was $49.4\%\;(44/89)$ for the adults, $47.1\%\;(16/34)$ for children, and $48.8\%\;(60/123)$ for the total. No mutation could be detected in the ribosomal protein L22 region, but all strains were mutated in the ribosomal protein L4 as two point mutation M144V. Two point mutations in domain V of 23S rRNA were selected in the presense of erythromycin resistant M. pneumoniae isolates, such as one strain was G2057C mutant, two strains were A2059C mutants, three strains were C2611G mutants, four strains were A2058C mutants, five strains were A2058T mutants, twenty strains were A2059G mutants, and twenty-five strains were A2058G mutants, respectively. These results show that erythromycin was not the most active compound against M. pneumoniae infection in Korea and clinical studies of macrolides in human patients are demanded.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2011

The Guillain-Barre Sydrome (GBS) is post-infectious autoimmune disease and it could be caused by auto-antibodies produced after infections. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of rare cause of GBS and known to be associated with antibody to galactocerebroside (GalC) which is a major neutral glycolipid constituent of myelin. We report a case of GBS with immunoglobulin M GalC antibody after M. pneumoniae infection.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.104-108
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• 1999

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with neuraminidase-producing Streptococcus pneumoniae usually associated with invasive infection such as fulminant pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis and may occur earlier in lift and has a higher mortality rate than typical hemolytic uremic syndrome. We have experienced a 22-month-old female patient with hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with S. pneumoniae pneumonia and empyema. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and washed red blood cell transfusion. As the disese course could be aggravated by the use of blood products containing anti-Tomsen-Friedenreich antigen, early recognition and sensible use of blood products such as washed RBC might lead to the improved outcome.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.183-186
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• 2020

This paper describes the development of neurological signs of two prematurely born calves four days after birth. The pathological examination results indicated fibrinopurulent polyserositis, including meningoencephalitis with suppurative bronchopneumonia. Bovine viral diarrhea virus subtype 2a was detected in most of the internal organs, and the bacterial colonies cultured from the samples were identified as Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae. Molecular analysis via multilocus sequence typing identified a different K. pneumoniae isolate in each calf-type 14 in calf A and type 65 in calf B. This is the first report identifying K. pneumoniae sequence types 14 and 65 in cattle.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.245-247
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• 2019

Taylorella equigenitalis (T. equigenitalis), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) are sexually transmittable bacteria known to cause venereal diseases (VD) in horses. T. equigenitalis causes contagious equine metritis (CEM), which is a considerable concern for equine breeding industry. K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa may cause endometritis and infertility in susceptible mares. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of these bacteria among breeding Thoroughbreds in South Korea. External genital swabs were collected from 178 breeding Thoroughbreds, including 11 stallions and 167 mares. The samples were tested using a commercial multiplex real-time PCR kit. T. equigenitalis, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae were present in 5.6%, 7.3%, and 5.6% of tested Thoroughbreds, respectively. The results highlight the need for regular testing of South Korean Thoroughbreds, particularly those used for breeding, for these bacteria. The regular pre-breeding test for these bacteria will prevent health complications for the horse and financial losses for the owner as a result of VD.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1730-1735
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• 2018

Bacterial pneumonia is one of the most common causes of mortality in Korea. In 2016, the mortality rate from pneumonia was 16,476 deaths per 100,000, which was an 11% increase from the previous year. The aim of our study was to determine the distribution of the bacterial pathogens causing respiratory symptoms in different age groups over a 10-year period. Between January 2008 and September 2017, 1,861 specimens from 1,664 patients admitted to Dankook University Hospital with respiratory symptoms were examined. We used multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect six bacterial pneumonia pathogens: Bordetella pertussis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. We detected bacterial pneumonia pathogens in 1,281 (68.83%) specimens. Of the 1,709 pathogens detected, S. pneumoniae was the most common (48.57%; n = 830) followed by H. influenzae (40.08%; n = 685). Most infections were found among children younger than 10 years (92.69%; n = 1,584). Although S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen detected in all age groups, M. pneumoniae infection increased in prevalence with age (p < 0.05). The rate of co-infection was also high among these patients (31.1%; n = 399), which peaked in 2015 (54.55%; n = 42/77). The prevalence of bacterial pneumonia in Cheonan, along with the proportion of co-infections among patients increased over the 10-year study period. The findings will aid the development of treatment and prevention guidelines.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.135-139
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• 2016

Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl has been traditionally used in China and Vietnam for treatment of bacteria, atopy, pimple, tonsillitis, angina and encephalitis for a long time. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl extract on biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibacterial activity was conducted using disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the broth micro dilution method in accordance to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines(CLSI). Furthermore, cytotoxicity on L929 were assessed using animal cell culture for the proliferation test(MTT cell assay) and the biofilm forming capacity of the K. pneumoniae were determined using the colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The extract exhibited considerable antibacterial activity. K. pneumoniae was susceptible to the extract with the MIC and MBC of 0.1875 and $1.5mg/m{\ell}$ respectively. Cytoxicity test in L929 showed no sign of toxicity at the concentration of $0.75mg/m{\ell}$ and at the same concentration the extract caused inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation. The extract of Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl possesses an in vitro antibacterial antibiofilm activities against K. pneumoniae, with no sign of cytoxicity on L929.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.251-255
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• 1985

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from the rice rhizosphere of various paddy fields in our country. The screening of 235 isolates for nitrogen-fixing ability resulted in the isolation of Enterobacter agglomerans NFB264 and three Klebsiella pneumoniae NFB 3, NFB 320. Plasmids of various molecular weight from 1.7 to more than 84 Mal. were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis in three out of four isolates. But, these plasmids had not any nitrogen-fixing genes. Hybridization experiments using Klebsiella pneumoniae M5al nitrogen-fixing genes, nif Q-K and nif DH, as probes revealed the presence of homologous sequences in the chromosomal DNA of all isolates. However the restriction patterns of nif genes of the isolates by various restriction endonucleases were different to those of Klebsiella pneumoniae M5al.