• Title/Summary/Keyword: K-prototypes

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Fuzzy Learning Vector Quantization based on Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor Prototypes

  • Roh, Seok-Beom;Jeong, Ji-Won;Ahn, Tae-Chon
    • International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.84-88
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, a new competition strategy for learning vector quantization is proposed. The simple competitive strategy used for learning vector quantization moves the winning prototype which is the closest to the newly given data pattern. We propose a new learning strategy based on k-nearest neighbor prototypes as the winning prototypes. The selection of several prototypes as the winning prototypes guarantees that the updating process occurs more frequently. The design is illustrated with the aid of numeric examples that provide a detailed insight into the performance of the proposed learning strategy.

Comparison of Bifidogenic Growth Stimulation Activities of Fermented Whey Prototypes

  • Moon, Gi-Seong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.292-295
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    • 2013
  • Fermented whey solution presenting bifidogenic growth stimulation (BGS) activity was processed as prototypes such as sterilized fermented whey (SFW), spray-dried fermented whey (SDFW), and freeze-dried fermented whey (FDFW) and their BGS activities were compared. In optical density ($OD_{600}$) test, the BGS activity of three prototypes, which showed similar activities, were significantly different with non-fermented whey solution adjusted to pH 4.5 as a control (P<0.05). In viable cell count test, SDFW had the most positive influence than other prototypes on the BGS activity even though the difference was not significant. However, the activities of all prototypes were significantly different than the negative control (no addition). These results indicate that the processed prototypes of fermented whey solution show BGS activities and might be commercialized, with further evidences, in animal or human studies.

Bond Gragh Prototypes: A General Model for Dynamic Systems in Terms of Bond Graphs (표준본드선도: 본드선도에 의한 동적시스템의 일반모델)

  • Park, Jeon-Soo;Kim, Jong-Shik
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.21 no.9
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    • pp.1414-1421
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    • 1997
  • This paper examines the physics and mechanics governing the dynamic interaction between physical systems and suggests the four structures of bond graph prototypes, considered as a general model that can promise their dynamic behavior physically resonable. The bond graph prototypes originating from the paper are more realistic junction structures than those used to model dynamic systems conventionally by bond graph standards in whether physical constraints are involved or not when the energy exchange between two dynamic components arises. It is shown that the bond graph prototypes are dynamic or energetic in their describing equations compared to the bond graph standards, and connectivity and causality are properties of dynamic systems upon which the steps developed in this paper for the bond graph prototypes are wholly based and their definitions an concepts are highly emphasized all through the paper.

A Research on Generation of Prototypes for Chosun Upper-class Housing - Space Planning with 'Yaejae' Logic Model - (조선(朝鮮) 상류주택(上流住宅)의 형태학적(形態學的) 원형생성(原型生成) 연구(硏究) - 예제(禮制) 논리(論理) 모델에 의한 공간계획(空間計劃) -)

  • Yoon, Ki-Byung;Hong, Seung-Jai
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.6 no.3 s.13
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    • pp.45-59
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    • 1997
  • One of the main purposes of architectural history is the analysis of existing designs in order to find laws and orders of certain types, while space planning emphasizes the generation of design. In this study, relational space planning methodology is used to generate Chosun upper-class housing prototypes based on 'Yaejae' logic model. During the Chosun Dynasty era in Korea, Confucianism was the ruling ideology for its society. The patio type house was the main upper-class housing type during the Chosun Dynasty, and it can be viewed that space planning was heavily influenced by the law of 'Yaejae' in Confucianism. The logic of 'Yaejae' can be interpreted as relationships between spaces. Relational space planning methodology that reasons through constraint propagation is used to generate prototypes. Prototypes are compared in order to verify actual applications of the logic into space planning.

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Investigation into Directional Properties of Rapid Prototypes and Its Application to FE Analysis Considering Anisotropy (쾌속조형 시작품의 적층방향별 물성평가 및 이방성을 고려한 유한요소해석)

  • Park, Keun;Kim, Young-Soo;Park, Do-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.25 no.11
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    • pp.126-133
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    • 2008
  • Rapid Prototyping (RP) has been widely used for rapid development of prototypes in various industrial fields. In recent years, a new requirement in RP industry has issued so as to directly manufacture a functional prototype which has enough mechanical properties to be used as a functional part. The RP prototype, however, has a limitation in mechanical properties due to its layer-by-layer manufacturing process. This manufacturing process results in anisotropy of the prototype, especially showing weakness in the building direction. In the present work, we performed tensile tests for RP prototypes in order to determine directional mechanical properties. The test specimens were made by using $Eden330^{TM}$ by Object Geometries Ltd. Finite element analyses considering material anisotropy were then carried out for RP prototypes with various building directions. Effect of the building direction on the mechanical strength was investigated through the analysis, and compared with experimental results.

A Pattern Classification Method using Closest Decision Method in k Nearest Neighbor Prototypes (k 근방 원형상에서 최근접 결정법을 이용한 패턴식별법)

  • Kim, Eung-Kyeu;Lee, Soo-Jong
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.833-834
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, a pattern classification method using closest decision method based on the mean of norm in the closet prototype from an input pattern and its k nearest neighbor prototypes is presented to do accurate classification in arbitrary distributed patterns when the number of patterns is very low. Also this method can be used to classify input pattern precisely when the number patterns is very low because this method considers the weight by the difference of variance in prototypes around the discrimination boundary.

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Reconstruction of High-Resolution Facial Image Based on A Recursive Error Back-Projection

  • Park, Joeng-Seon;Lee, Seong-Whan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2004.04b
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    • pp.715-717
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    • 2004
  • This paper proposes a new reconstruction method of high-resolution facial image from a low-resolution facial image based on a recursive error back-projection of top-down machine learning. A face is represented by a linear combination of prototypes of shape and texture. With the shape and texture information about the pixels in a given low-resolution facial image, we can estimate optimal coefficients for a linear combination of prototypes of shape and those of texture by solving least square minimization. Then high-resolution facial image can be obtained by using the optimal coefficients for linear combination of the high-resolution prototypes, In addition to, a recursive error back-projection is applied to improve the accuracy of synthesized high-resolution facial image. The encouraging results of the proposed method show that our method can be used to improve the performance of the face recognition by applying our method to reconstruct high-resolution facial images from low-resolution one captured at a distance.

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Nearest Neighbor Based Prototype Classification Preserving Class Regions

  • Hwang, Doosung;Kim, Daewon
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.1345-1357
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    • 2017
  • A prototype selection method chooses a small set of training points from a whole set of class data. As the data size increases, the selected prototypes play a significant role in covering class regions and learning a discriminate rule. This paper discusses the methods for selecting prototypes in a classification framework. We formulate a prototype selection problem into a set covering optimization problem in which the sets are composed with distance metric and predefined classes. The formulation of our problem makes us draw attention only to prototypes per class, not considering the other class points. A training point becomes a prototype by checking the number of neighbors and whether it is preselected. In this setting, we propose a greedy algorithm which chooses the most relevant points for preserving the class dominant regions. The proposed method is simple to implement, does not have parameters to adapt, and achieves better or comparable results on both artificial and real-world problems.

Granular Bidirectional and Multidirectional Associative Memories: Towards a Collaborative Buildup of Granular Mappings

  • Pedrycz, Witold
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.435-447
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    • 2017
  • Associative and bidirectional associative memories are examples of associative structures studied intensively in the literature. The underlying idea is to realize associative mapping so that the recall processes (one-directional and bidirectional ones) are realized with minimal recall errors. Associative and fuzzy associative memories have been studied in numerous areas yielding efficient applications for image recall and enhancements and fuzzy controllers, which can be regarded as one-directional associative memories. In this study, we revisit and augment the concept of associative memories by offering some new design insights where the corresponding mappings are realized on the basis of a related collection of landmarks (prototypes) over which an associative mapping becomes spanned. In light of the bidirectional character of mappings, we have developed an augmentation of the existing fuzzy clustering (fuzzy c-means, FCM) in the form of a so-called collaborative fuzzy clustering. Here, an interaction in the formation of prototypes is optimized so that the bidirectional recall errors can be minimized. Furthermore, we generalized the mapping into its granular version in which numeric prototypes that are formed through the clustering process are made granular so that the quality of the recall can be quantified. We propose several scenarios in which the allocation of information granularity is aimed at the optimization of the characteristics of recalled results (information granules) that are quantified in terms of coverage and specificity. We also introduce various architectural augmentations of the associative structures.

Development of Wearable Fashion Prototypes Using Entry-Level 3D Printers (보급형 3D 프린터를 활용한 착용형 패션 프로토타입 개발)

  • Chun, Jaehoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.468-486
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    • 2017
  • In this study, three kinds of wearable fashion prototypes were developed using 3D printers with the goal of developing a practical production method for daily clothes. Prototypes were modeled using Rhinoceros software and developed using FDM 3D printers and TPU filaments. The results of this study are as follows. First, it confirmed the possibility of FDM-type entry-level 3D printers as a tool to develop wearable fashion products. Second, TPU filaments that are soft and ductile are highly likely to be used as a clothing material. Third, patterns designed through the 3D modeling process can be sampled directly to a 3D printer and easily corrected and supplemented. Fourth, it was confirmed that TPU prints of about 1.00mm thickness can be sewn with fabric using sewing machines through the development of 'Prototype 1' and 'Prototype 2'; in addition, hand stitching is also possible. Fifth, as in the case of 'Prototype 3', it is possible to fabricate a garment fit enough to the body if the clothing configuration is designed to connect the basic module using TPU filaments. In the future, the development of wearable fashion prototypes using various materials and 3D printing technology will help diversify everyday clothes.