• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2008

Purpose: We investigated the effect of isometric resistance exercise on the vastus medialis oblique muscle with inelastic tape and EMG biofeedback training applied to the patello-femoral joints of patients with patella malalignment. Methods: The 39 elderly subjects that had patella malalignment but no neuromuscular disorders were divided into a control group, taping group, and EMG biofeedback training group. Evaluations of function improvement performed before and after the treatment, as well as 4 weeks after treatment. Results: Change in pain in the knee joint were significantly different among groups (p<0.05). Maximum voluntary isometric contractility in the quadriceps muscle was significantly in the EMG biofeedback group (p<0.001). The WOMAC (Western Ontairo & McMaster Questionnaire) index showed a significant change (p<0.05) in pain, function, and total score. Taping and EMG biofeedback training showed a lasting effect until measurement 4 weeks after treatment. SF-36 (Medical outcome short form-36), which assesses the quality of life, did not significantly change. Conclusion: In osteoarthritis patients with a loss of patello-femoral joint function, isometric resistance exercise of the vastus medialis oblique muscle with taping seems effective.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a Tai-Chi exercise program on subjective health and physiological function index. Methods: This study was designed as non-equivalent control group pretestposttest research. Eighteen women in each group completed the posttest with an attendance rate of 78.3 % after 12 weeks. The Tai Chi exercise program was provided two times a week over three months for the experimental group, but no program for the control group. A questionnaire was used for subjective health index, which consisted of Korean-WOMAC Index for joint stiffness, K-HAQ for physical disability, EQ-5D for quality of life and perceived health status, and CES-D for depression. To measure the effect on the physiological function index, femoral muscle strength, shoulder joint and back flexibility were measured. Results: All variables except left anterior femoral muscle strength had significant homogeneity between the two groups. There were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in joint stiffness (t=-2.165, p=.03), physical disability (t=-2.231, p=.038), EQ-5D index (t=3.783, p=.001), perceived health status (t=-2.349, p=.025) and femoral posterior muscle strength (t=2.487, p=.038). Conclusion: The Tai-Chi exercise program was beneficial for women with arthritis in rural communities.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2002

Exercise is an important strategy for health promotion in patients having osteoarthritis. But, lots of patients with osteoarthritis were underexercised. Exercise pattern and influencing factors of exercise barrier are not well-known. To address this issue, we studied the exercise pattern and influencing factors of exercise barrier in patients with osteoarthritis. The subjects of the study were 463 adult osteoarthritis (Mean age = 61.63 years) who had diagnosed osteoarthritis by rheumatologist. Data were gathered from May 1999 to February 2000 using a questionnaire and exercise barrier(Sallis et al, 1989), exercise pattern(Lee et al., 2000), physical status by WOMAC(Bellamy, 1989), socail support(Sallis et al., 1989), fatigue and pain using graphic rating scale, depression by CES-D(Radloff,1977). Data were analyzed with the SPSS win 6.0 using frequency, ANOVA, Stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows; 1) 56.4% of sample was 'do not exercise at all', 'longer rest than exercise', was 15.9%, 'longer exercise than rest' was 7.2%, 'exercise regularly' was 20.5%. 2) Social support (F=10.349, p=0.000) and exercise barrier(F=4.455, p=0.004) were showed significantly difference by exercise pattern. 3) Influencing factors of exercise barrier were depression and social support. Thoses explained 13.3% of exercise barrier. In conclusion, half of osteoarthritis patient did not do exercise and it was shown that depression and social support were major influencing factors to exercise barrier. The results of this study can be applied to develop the health promoting educational program for patients with osteoarthritis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between assessment measurements of knee osteoarthritis and obesity. Methods : Data on assessment measurements of knee osteoarthritis and obesity were obtained from 63 patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis from February to April, 2005. The assessment measurements consisted of BMI (body mass index), WHR (waist-hip ratio), two disease-specific questionnaires (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index and Lequesne's Functional Severity Index (LFI)), one generic instrument (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ)), and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Statistical correlations among assessment measurements were evaluated by examining the Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results : 1. The sexual ratio in this study was 1: 5.3 (male: female= 10: 53). The average age of all patients was $59.1{\pm}6.6$ (male: $58.3{\pm}7.1$, female: $59.2{\pm}6.5$), and the group of 60-69 (34 patients, 54%) was biggest in the age distribution. 2. The average BMI of all patients was $25.4{\pm}3.1\;kg/m^2$ (male: female= $23.6{\pm}2.6\;kg/m^2:\;25.8{\pm}3.0\;kg/m^2$), and the group of $20-25\;kg/m^2$ was biggest in the BMI distribution. According to clinical definition of obesity by WHO (1997), 52.4% of all patients was within normal weight, 42.9% was overweight, and 4.8% was obese. 3. The average WHR of all patients was $0.91{\pm}0.06$ (male: female= $0.90{\pm}0.05:\;0.92{\pm}0.06$). According to definition of abdominal obesity, 73.0% of all patients (46 patients were all female) was in the state of abdominal obesity. 4. There were no significant correlations in statistics among assessment measurements except between BMI and WHR. Conclusion : Though there is significant correlation between knee osteoarthritis and obesity according to many clinical and experimental researches, there is no assessment measurement reflecting knee osteoarthritis and obesity simultaneously. For this, further studies on correlation between knee osteoarthritis and obesity and development of assessment measurement or questionnaire on this are needed.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted with an aim to use it as basic data for developing assistive devices, such as insoles that can suppress the progress of degenerative diseases and strategies, to improve early degenerative diseases by assessing walking characteristics of farm workers who were classified as KL-grade in the perspective of motor mechanics. Method : 38 male and female adults who complained of knee joint pain for more than six months were selected, and they were classified according to KL-grade. KL-grade was assessed by an orthopaedic specialist and an occupational environment health specialist. Filming equipment (FX-1, CASIO, Japan) and a ground reaction force system (AMTI OR6, AMTI, USA) were used to identify ground reaction force characteristics, and WOMAC was used for a pain rating scale. Results : There was a difference between the right and left side (axis-X) according to KL-grade, and when the grade was higher, the internal ground reaction force was also higher. Changes in COP were not affected by KL-grade of the knee joint, but it tended to increase as the grade increased. There were differences in the time required for limb support while walking according to the grades, and when the grade was higher, walking was more inefficient with long braking force and short propulsion forces. Also, pain rating scale, the right and left side, and COP changes while in support phase were related. Conclusion : There was a partial, statically significant difference in KL-grade and ground reaction force occurring during the support phase, and there were differences in ground reaction forces according to the grades of degenerative arthritis in the knee joint, indicating that this study is worthy as basic data for future studies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2007

Purpose. Tai Chi exercise, an ancient Chinese martial art, has drawn more and more attention for its health benefits. The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of a Sun-style Tai Chi exercise on arthritic symptoms (joint pain and stiffness), motivation for performing health behaviors, and the performance of health behaviors among older women with osteoarthritis. Methods. Total of 72 women with the mean age of 63 years old were recruited from outpatients clinic or public health centers according to the inclusion criteria and assigned randomly to either the Tai Chi exercise group or the control. A Sun-style Tai Chi exercise has been provided three times a week for the first two weeks, and then once a week for another 10 weeks. In 12 weeks of study period, 22 subjects in the Tai Chi exercise group and 21 subjects in the control group completed the posttest measure with the dropout rate of 41 %. Outcome variables included arthritic symptoms measured by K-WOMAC, motivation for health behavior, and health behaviors. Results. At the completion of the 12 week Tai Chi exercise, the Tai Chi group perceived significantly less joint pain (t = -2.19, P = 0.03) and stiffness (t = -2.24, P = 0.03), perceived more health benefits (t = 2.67, P = 0.01), and performed better health behaviors (t = 2.35, P = 0.02), specifically for diet behavior (t = 2.06, P = 0.04) and stress management (t = 2.97, P = 0.005). Conclusion. A Sun-style Tai Chi exercise was found as beneficial for women with osteoarthritis to reduce their perceived arthritic symptoms, improve their perception of health benefits to perform better health behaviors.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the changes of the pain, fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression after Tai Chi for arthritis. Method: The subjects were 19 osteoarthritis women enrolled at one primary health care post. They have agreed to participate in this study, and participated in the 12-week Tai Chi program from Dec. 2006 to Mar. 2007, and all the measurement processes in right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later after Tai Chi program. The measurement tools of this study were all self-reported questionnaires such as Numerical Rating Scale (0-100) for pain, fatigue, and perceived health status, Korean-WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis) Index for joint stiffness, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire, and CES-Depression scale. Results: The repeated measure ANOVA revealed the significant differences on pain among the right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later the program. Especially 2 months later after program, pain was significantly increased than right after by t-test. There were no significant differences on fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression. Conclusion: Pain was increased after Tai Chi for arthritis program, but fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression were not changed until 4 months after Tai Chi program.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2012

목적: 내반 변형을 지닌 내측 반월 연골판 후방 골 기시부 퇴행성 파열 환자에 대해 관절경적 반월 연골판 절제술을 시행 중 개방형 경골 근위부 절골술을 시행하는 경우와 하지 않는 경우에서의 임상적 및 방사선학 결과를 비교 하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: $3^{\circ}$ 이상 내반 변형과 내측 반월 연골판 후방 골 기시부 퇴행성 파열을 지닌 환자에 대해 관절경적 반월 연골판 절제술을 시행받고, 최소 3년 이상 추시가 가능한 환자 42명을 대상으로 하였다. 그 중 30명에 대해서는 개방형 근위 경골 절골술을 함께 시행하였으며, 나머지 12명에 대해서는 반월 연골판 절제술만 시행하였었다. 평균 추시 시간은 52.5개월 (36.0~76.6)이었다. 최종 추시 상 두 군간에 수술 전 증상의 소실 유무, 수술에 대한 환자의 만족도, 및 HSS 점수에 대한 임상적 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 최종 추시 상 방사선학적 퇴행성 관절염의 진행 유무를 비교하였다. 결과: 증상의 호전은 근위 경골 절골술을 함께 시행한 군(83.3%, 25예)에서 의의있게 관절경적 반월 연골판 부분 절제술만을 시행한 군(66.7%, 8예)보다 호전을 보였다. 환자 만족도 역시 근위 경골 절골술을 함께 시행한 군(83.3%, 25예)에서 반월상부분 절제술만 시행한 군(58.3%, 7예)보다 의의있게 높게 나타났다. HSS 점수는 근위 경골 절골술을 같이 시행한 군은 술 전 56.9점에서 술 후 90.8점으로 향상되었으며, 반월 연골판 부분 절제술만을 시행한 군에서는 술 전 67.9점에서 술 후 89.0점으로 향상되었으나, 양군간의 통계학적 차이는 관찰할 수 없었다. WOMAC 점수 역시 양군간의 통계학적 차이는 관찰할 수 없었다. 최종 추시 상 방사선학적 퇴행성 관절염의 진행에 있어서 두 군간에 의의 있는 차이는 없었다. 결론: 내반 변형을 지닌 반월 연골판 후방 골 기시부 퇴행성 파열 환자의 치료에 있어 좋은 임상적 결과를 위해서는 근위 경골절골술이 반드시 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 퇴행성 관절염의 결과에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 장기적인 추시가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.265-282
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• 2004

Objective : The aim of this study was to review systemically clinical trials on the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Methods : Computerized literature searches were carried out on seven electronic databases, and hand-searching on some chinese medical journals in library of Kyung Hee Medical Center. Trial data were extracted in a standardized, predefined manner and assessed independently. Results : 1. Thirty reports of clinical trials and two reports of meta-analyses concerning herbal medicine were collected and reviewed. Among these reports three medical herbs were applied as topical medicine and others as internal medicine. 2. The western studies established NSAIDs or placebo as their control group. Five chinese reports established formulated herb pill(Ruanshnagshenjin pill) as their control group and Six did not establish a control group at all. 3. ACR was the most highly used diagnostic criteria in the western studies while the Chinese used their official criteria established by their government or the criteria of their text books. 4. 20 reports chose the Lequesne functional index, SHAQ, WOMAC OA index, AIMS, and their own unique scoring system as the criteria of analysing the effect. Others chose clinical symptoms, articular functions, and lab finding as their criteria. 5. 7 single herbs and 19 formulated herbs were studied. Among the formulated herbs, Achyranthes japonica was studied in 10 of the studies and Angelica gigantis Radix in 8, making them the most often studied herbs among the studies.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2010

Objectives : The knee pain is the main reason of getting acupuncture treatment. In order to have confidence in the results of a study, it is necessary to establish that questionnaire is both valid and reliable in questionnaire related study. The aim of this study was to review the instruments that are currently in sue for assessing the knee joint. Methods : A literature study was performed to choose appropriate scales for assessment for pain and the function of the knee. Theoretically based scales were selected for review. Therefore, 18 scales for knee and 9 scale for pain were reviewed. the status of scales involved in knee treatment of acupuncture throughout several countries was evaluated. Results & Conclusion : Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Cincinnati knee rating system(CKRS) are adequate for ligament injury in knee. International Knee Documentation Committee scoring system(IKDC) may become a publication requirement for journals in view of the international standing of the committee. The available outcome measure for use in osteoarthritis are Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC), Lequesne Functional Severity Index(LFI) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS), and in rheumatoid arthritis are McMaster-Toronto Arthritis patient function preference questionnaire(MACTAR), Quality of Life-Rheumatoid Arthritis Scale(QoL-RA Scale). Visual analog scale(VAS), verbal rating scale(VRS) are commonly used for the standard pain scale. For long term follow-up study The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36(SF-36), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales(AIMS), Health Assessment Questionnaire(HAQ) should be included. Each measurement has its own composition and characteristics. Their validity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics were already evaluated. We found 20 domestic and 28 overseas papers about knee treatment using acupuncture assessed with knee scales.