• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.943-955
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• 2017

We investigate and estimate the causal effect of the survey methods in telephone surveys for the 19th presidential election. For this causal study, we draw a causal graph that represents the causal relationship between variables. Then we decide which variables should be included in the model and which variables should not be. We explain why the research agency is a should-be variable and the response rate is a shouldnot-be variable. The effect of ARS can not be estimated due to data limitations. We have found that there is no significant difference in the effect of the proportion of cell phone survey if it is less than about 90 percent. But the support rate for Moon Jae-in gets higher if the survey is performed only by cell phones.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.120-120
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.344-356
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• 1999

A new and relatively simple equation for the soil water content-pressure head curve, ${\theta}$(h) is described in this paper. The particular form of the equation enables one to derive closed-form analytical expressions for the relative hydraulic conductivity, Kr, when substituted in the predictive conductivity models of Y. Mualem. Hopmans' equation is presented as an experimental method. The experienced method, $ET_a=K_sK_cET_o$ is introduced to estimate the actual evapotranspiration, $ET_a$(or $ET_c$). Using $ET_c$ and coil water data measured automatically in a weighing lusimeter, $K_s$ and $K_c$ values are estimated. Recently, FAO has introduced calculation procedures for the soil water(stress) coefficient, Ks in "Guidelines for computing crop water requirements".

• Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.244.2-244
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• 1996

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.386-394
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• 2016

This study investigates the validity of a Korean version of the Client Assessment Summary (CAS), which is a tool used to assess the recovery of alcoholics. We investigated the Korean CAS's suitability for use in assessing the scale of recovery scale of general alcoholics in Korea. In this study, we analyzed the data of 205 abstaining alcoholics in order to determine the validity of the Korean CAS. We undertook relationship analyses of CAS contents, reliability, and composition validity through factor analysis. In addition, we assessed ARS, abstinence period, abstinence self-efficacy, illness insight, and motivation change variables. The factor analysis results, performed after verification of content suitability by assessing 12 questions and 4 factors, confirmed the tool's composition validity, with the results showing relatively high values (R2 = 76.26%, communality ${\geq}0.6$, and KMO = 0.92). Moreover, internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), and the correlations among ARS, abstinence self-efficacy, illness insight, and motivation change variables confirmed the validity of the Korean CAS. The proposed Korean CAS is expected to be useful when academically and clinically assessing the recovery of alcoholics; thereby, eventually contributing to successful recoveries from alcoholism.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 1996

Validities of several gene transfer methods including microinjection, electroporation and lipo-fection with luciferase gene (pRSVL), and effectiveness of mud loach expression vector which contains ARS from mud loach on production of transgenic mud loach were evaluated. Microiniection revealed the $0\~8\%$ of transgene incidence in 2-week-old fish with significant mosaicism. Electroporation and lipofection of mud loach sperm also successfully introduced the transgene into sperm cells, and transferred the foreign DNA into zygote. Gene transfer by electroporation and lipofection showed a range of $0\~28\%$ and $0\~48.1\%$ of transgene incidence, respectively in newly hatched larvae, altough most DNA introduced were gradually degraded with the development of fish. Microinjections of mud loach expression vector caused a significantly reduced survival rate of mud loach embryos with severe teratogenic effects, and ARS/Luc transgene could not be detected in normally developed fish after microinjection.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.44-56
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• 2017

Insulin resistance is characterized by the reduced ability of insulin to stimulate tissue uptake and disposal of glucose including cardiac muscle. These conditions accelerate the progression of heart failure and increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. It is noteworthy that some conditions of insulin resistance are characterized by up-regulation of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in enhanced stimulation of ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor (${\beta}$AR). Overstimulation of ${\beta}$ARs leads to the development of heart failure and is associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in the heart. However, pathological consequences of the cross-talk between the ${\beta}$AR and the insulin sensitivity and the mechanism by which ${\beta}$AR overstimulation promotes insulin resistance remain unclear. This review article examines the hypothesis that ${\beta}$ARs overstimulation leads to induction of insulin resistance in the heart.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.377-388
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• 2014

Purpose: Determining the spatial structure of data is important in understanding within-field variability for site-specific crop management. An understanding of the spatial structures present in the data may help illuminate interrelationships that are important in subsequent explanatory analyses, especially when site variables are correlated or are a combined response to multiple causative factors. Methods: In this study, correlation, principal component analysis, and single and nested variogram models were applied to soil electrical conductivity and chemical property data of two fields in central Missouri, USA. Results: Some variables that were highly correlated, or were strongly expressed in the same principal component, exhibited similar spatial ranges when fitted with a single variogram model. However, single variogram results were dependent on the active lag distance used, with short distances (30 m) required to fit short-range variability. Longer active lag distances only revealed long-range spatial components. Nested models generally yielded a better fit than single models for sensor-based conductivity data, where multiple scales of spatial structure were apparent. Gaussian-spherical nested models fit well to the data at both short (30 m) and long (300 m) active lag distances, generally capturing both short-range and long-range spatial components. As soil conductivity relates strongly to profile texture, we hypothesize that the short-range components may relate to the scale of erosion processes, while the long-range components are indicative of the scale of landscape morphology. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the effect of changing active lag distance on the calculation of the range parameter. Future work investigating scale effects on other variogram parameters, including nugget and sill variances, may lead to better model selection and interpretation. Once this is achieved, separation of nested spatial components by factorial kriging may help to better define the correlations existing between spatial datasets.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2013

Demand for high-rising building has arisen. However, its maintenance is usually executed by labour. It could have a severe problem. We proposed a gondola robot to solve it. In this paper, we designed a height estimation sensor for this gondola. It is consist of pan-tilt unit, ARS sensor, and laser sensor. The pan-tilt unit keeps the laser sensor to indicate the gravity direction by referencing the ARS. The laser sensor's range is vertical distance from gondola to ground. However, if there is an obstacle under the gondola, the distance includes its height. To filter it out, we apply a Kalman filter for the height estimation. If the estimated height is changed extremely, the filter decides that there is an obstacle. Then, it remembers the height of obstacle. Other extreme changes of height estimations are reflected. The experimental results using the proposed sensor system show detail flow of the height estimation.