• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.3-34
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• 2016

This introduction is both a statement of a research problem and an account of the first research results for its solution. As more historical databases come online and overlap in coverage, we need to discuss the two main issues that prevent 'big' results from emerging so far. Firstly, historical data are seen by computer science people as unstructured, that is, historical records cannot be easily decomposed into unambiguous fields, like in population (birth and death records) and taxation data. Secondly, machine-learning tools developed for structured data cannot be applied as they are for historical research. We propose a complex network, narrative-driven approach to mining historical databases. In such a time-integrated network obtained by overlaying records from historical databases, the nodes are actors, while thelinks are actions. In the case study that we present (the world as seen from Venice, 1205-1533), the actors are governments, while the actions are limited to war, trade, and treaty to keep the case study tractable. We then identify key periods, key events, and hence key actors, key locations through a time-resolved examination of the actions. This tool allows historians to deal with historical data issues (e.g., source provenance identification, event validation, trade-conflict-diplomacy relationships, etc.). On a higher level, this automatic extraction of key narratives from a historical database allows historians to formulate hypotheses on the courses of history, and also allow them to test these hypotheses in other actions or in additional data sets. Our vision is that this narrative-driven analysis of historical data can lead to the development of multiple scale agent-based models, which can be simulated on a computer to generate ensembles of counterfactual histories that would deepen our understanding of how our actual history developed the way it did. The generation of such narratives, automatically and in a scalable way, will revolutionize the practice of history as a discipline, because historical knowledge, that is the treasure of human experiences (i.e. the heritage of the world), will become what might be inherited by machine learning algorithms and used in smart cities to highlight and explain present ties and illustrate potential future scenarios and visionarios.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.1205-1213
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• 2020

Let R be a commutative ring with 1 ≠ 0. In this paper, we introduce a subclass of the class of 1-absorbing primary ideals called the class of strongly 1-absorbing primary ideals. A proper ideal I of R is called strongly 1-absorbing primary if whenever nonunit elements a, b, c ∈ R and abc ∈ I, then ab ∈ I or c ∈ ${\sqrt{0}}$. Firstly, we investigate basic properties of strongly 1-absorbing primary ideals. Hence, we use strongly 1-absorbing primary ideals to characterize rings with exactly one prime ideal (the UN-rings) and local rings with exactly one non maximal prime ideal. Many other results are given to disclose the relations between this new concept and others that already exist. Namely, the prime ideals, the primary ideals and the 1-absorbing primary ideals. In the end of this paper, we give an idea about some strongly 1-absorbing primary ideals of the quotient rings, the polynomial rings, and the power series rings.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1205-1207
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• 2003

고전압 전원공급기를 고 밀도로 제작하기 위하여 고 주파수 동작을 시켜야 한다. 이에 따라 전원 공급기에서 최대의 부피를 차지하는 부품인 변압기는 원하는 주파수에서 최소의 부피로 충분한 전력을 수강하면서 완벽한 펄스재현을 하여야 한다. 그리고 승압비를 일정수준으로 유지하여야 한다. 이러한 변압기의 설계 및 제작 시 주의하여야 한다. 진행파관 증폭기용 고밀도 고전압전원공급기용 고주파수, 고전압, 펄스 변압기 변압기를 설계, 제작 시험하였다. 변압기의 스윗칭 주파수는 80 kHz 이며 입력전압은 265 Vdc이고 출력전압은 4kVdc 이다. 변압기의 정상 출력은 1.7 kW이다. 그리고 최대부피는 $200\;cm^3$ 이하가 되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 권선 방법에 의하여 제작된 변압기에 대하여 변압기의 설계 및 시험절차가 제시되었다. 그리고 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스, 분포 케페시턴스 및 공진 주파수도 측정하여 평가하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.252-263
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• 2001

Nematode infections compromise human health and reduce agricultural productivtiy. Experiments that exploit the powerful molecular genetics of the free-living nematode Caenorhabdl - elegans have contributed to our understanding of how the major classes of anthelmintic nema-tocides kill worms and how worms might evolve resistance to these drugs In C. elegans, as in parasites, benzimidixoles interfere with microtubule polyumerization the imidazothiazoles/tetra-hydropyrimidines activate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and the macrocyclic la ctones activate qlutamate-gate chloride chanels. Mutant alleles of genes that encode drug targes often confer resistance in C. elegans. Preliminary evidence suggests that alleles of homologous genes in parasites will, in many cases, also play a role in resistance. Thus information acquired from C. elegans can be usefully applied to understand the mechanisms of drug sensitivity and the genetics of resis-tance in parasites.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2019

목재의 결점은 생장과정에서 또는 가공 중에 다양한 형태로 발생한다. 따라서 목재를 이용하기 위해서는 목재의 결점을 정확하게 분류하여 용도에 맞는 목재 품질을 객관적으로 평가할 필요가 있다. 하지만 사람에 의한 등급구분과 수종구분은 주관적 판단에 의해 차이가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 목재 품질의 객관적 평가 및 목재 생산의 고속화를 위해서는 컴퓨터 비전을 활용한 화상분석 자동화가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 SIFT+k-NN 모델과 CNN 모델을 통해 옹이의 종류를 자동으로 구분하는 모델을 구현하고 그 정확성을 분석해보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 다섯 가지 국산 침엽수종으로부터 다양한 형태의 옹이 이미지 1,172개를 획득하여 학습 및 검증에 사용하였다. SIFT+k-NN 모델의 경우, SIFT 기술을 이용하여 옹이 이미지에서 특성을 추출한 뒤, k-NN을 이용하여 분류를 진행하였으며, 최대 60.53%의 정확도로 분류가 가능하였다. 이 때 k-index는 17이었다. CNN 모델의 경우, 8층의 convolution layer와 3층의 hidden layer로 구성되어있는 모델을 사용하였으며, 정확도의 최대값은 1205 epoch에서 88.09%로 나타나 SIFT+k-NN 모델보다 높은 결과를 보였다. 또한 옹이의 종류별 이미지 개수 차이가 큰 경우, SIFT+k-NN 모델은 비율이 높은 옹이 종류로 편향되어 학습되는 결과를 보였지만, CNN 모델은 이미지 개수의 차이에도 편향이 심하지 않아 옹이 분류에 있어 더 좋은 성능을 보였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 CNN 모델을 이용한 목재 옹이의 분류는 실용가능성에 있어 충분한 정확도를 보이는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1192-1205
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a software system for computerized menu planning program by food exchange group. In this research, Powerbuilder 5.0 was used. This study provides food service manegers with more effective manegement system and scientific menu. Software programs developed in this study were summerized as follows : 1) Programs for outputing standard amounts of the exchange food groups fir calories. 2) Programs for inputing the cooking type code, the food code and the food amount of the menu. 3) Programs for outputing distribution of the exchange food groups of the computerized menu. 4) Programs f0r calculating the price of each food and menu. 5) Programs for calculating the nutrient contents of each food and menu. 6) Programs for calculating fatty acids of dietary intake. 7) Programs for calculating PUFA : MUFA : SEA ratio and ω/sub 6/ : ω/sub 3/ ratio and evaluating the status of dietary intake. 8) Programs for inputing the purchasing amount of food. 9) Programs for outputing the menu table. 10) Programs for inputing and modifing the cooking types in the cooking types file. 11) Programs for inputing and modifing the prices in the food prices Ue.(Korean J Nutrition 31(7) 1192-1205, 1998) a 본 연구에서는 식품교환군을 이용하여, 정상인 피급식자는 물론, 환자나 운동선수들을 대상으로 하여 , 개인식단은 물론 단체급식 식단도 작성할 수 있는 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 프로그램은 식단 작성표 프로그램. 식품의 일반성분과 지방산 함량 분석 프로그램, 기타 영양 평가 프로그램 음식목록표 및 음식 조리법 작성 프로그램, 식품가격표 작성 프로그램 및 식단표와 1끼 영양분석표의 출력 프로그램 등의 System으로 되어있다. 그리고 작성한 3끼의 식단을 지정해 주면, 1일의 영양분석도 평가해 주는 1일 영양분석 평가 프로그램도 연결되어 있다. 이 프로그램은 사용자가 직접 식품의 가격 및 모든 data를 검색, 수정, 삭제하거나 추가로 입력할 수 있다. 또 영양과 예산에 맞는 정확한 식단을 작성할 수 있으며 , 기타 영양 평가 검색도 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1367-1374
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• 2012

Pleurocidin, a 25-mer antimicrobial peptide, has been known to exhibit potent antibacterial activity. To investigate the functional roles in N- and C-terminal regions of pleurocidin on the antibacterial activity, we designed four truncated analogs. The antibacterial susceptibility testing showed that pleurocidin and its analogs exerted antibacterial effect against various bacterial strains and further possessed specific activity patterns corresponding with their hydrophobic scale [pleurocidin > Anal 3 (1-22) > Anal 1 (4-25) > Anal 4 (1-19) > Anal 2 (7-25)]. Fluorescence experiments using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and 3,3'-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide [$diSC_3(5)$] indicated that the differences in antibacterial activity of the peptides were caused by its membrane-active mechanisms including membrane disruption and depolarization. Blue shift in tryptophan fluorescence demonstrated that the decrease in net hydrophobicity attenuates the binding affinity of pleurocidin to interact with plasma membrane. Therefore, the present study suggests that hydrophobicity in the N- and C-terminal regions of pleurocidin plays a key role in its antibacterial activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1350-1358
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• 2012

Viral pathogens, alongside other pathogens, have major effects on crustacean aquaculture. Hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) is an emerging virus in the shrimp industry and has been detected in shrimp farms worldwide. The HPV genome has greater diversity than other shrimp viruses owing to its wide host range and geographical distribution. Therefore, developing diagnostic tools is essential to detect even small copy numbers from the target region of native HPV isolates. We have developed two easy to use quantitative real-time PCR kits, called Green Star and Dual Star, which contain all of the necessary components for real-time PCR, including HPV primers, using the primers obtained from the sequences of HPV isolates from Korea, and analyzed their specificity, efficiency, and reproducibility. These two kits could detect from 1 to $1{\times}10^9$ copies of cloned HPV DNA. The minimum detection limits obtained from HPV-infected shrimp were $7.74{\times}10^1$ and $9.06{\times}10^1$ copies in the Green Star and Dual Star assay kits, respectively. These kits can be used for rapid, sensitive, and efficient screening for HPV isolates from Korea before the introduction of postlarval stages into culture ponds, thereby decreasing the incidence of early development of the disease.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 2007

당류 물질 미분당, 트레할로스, 프락토올리고당(95%), 이소말트, 헬스리고 및 갈락토올리고당(50%)을 쌀가루 기준 0, 1, 5 또는 10% 농도로 첨가하여 제조한 가래떡을 $5^{\circ}C$ 저장 0, 2, 6, 24 및 30시간 후 가래떡의 텍스처의 변화를 측정 분석하였고 관능검사를 실시하여 노화 정도를 비교하였다. 헬스리고 1% 첨가한 가래떡의 경우를 제외하고 부착성과 응집성은 다른 실험군들과 비슷한 경향을 보여 주었다. 경도는 대부분의 당류 물질에서 무첨가군에 비해 감소하는 경향으로 노화를 억제하는 효과를 보여 주었으나 프락토올리고당(95%) 5%의 경우 무첨가군과 큰 차이가 없었고 헬스리고 1% 첨가한 경우에는 24시간 경과 후 무첨가군에 비해 경도가 증가하였다. 당류 물질 첨가 가래떡의 $5^{\circ}C$ 저장 2시간과 24시간 후 관능적 묘사특징 분석에서는 부착성, 응집성, 쓴맛 및 떫은맛의 경우 실험군과 무첨가군을 비교하였을 때 큰 차이가 없었으나 경도는 실험군이 무첨가군에 비해 낮은 경향, 단맛은 높은 경향을 보여 주었다. 본 실험에 사용한 물질 중에서 프락토올리고당(95%) 5%와 헬스리고 1% 첨가를 제외한 다른 모든 당류 물질 실험군은 가래떡 제조 시 5% 또는 10% 수준으로 첨가하였을 때 노화억제 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1205-1212
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• 2005

2-Thiouracil-5-sulphonic acid N-(4-acetylphenyl) Amide (1) was reacted with a series of aromatic aldehydes giving chalcones 2 (Claisen-Schemidt reaction), some of these chalcones were reacted with urea and thiourea giving pyrimidine-2-one and pyrimidine-2 thione derivatives respectively of the type 3a,b and 4a,b. In addition many chalcones were reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride giving isoxazoline derivatives 5a,b. They could also reacted with phenylhydrazine to give pyrazoline derivatives 5a,b, chalcones also were reacted withethylcyano acetate and/or malononitryl in pyridine giving pyran derivatives 7a,c and 8a,c. In another pathway chalcones were epoxidised by $H_{2}O_{2}$ giving epoxides 9a,c which in turn were reacted with phenylhydrazine giving 4-hydroxypyrazoline derivatives 10a,c. In another reaction chalcones were reacted with ethylcyanoacetate in presence of amm.acetate giving pyridone derivatives 11a,d which could be prepared also in exellent yield from compound 1 by its reaction with certain aromatic aldehydes and ethylcyanoacetate in presence of ammonium acetate. Finally, compound 1 was reacted with semicarbazide giving semicarbazone intermediate 12 which in turn was reacted with thionyl chloride giving thiadiazole derivative 13. The biological effects of some of the new synthesized compounds were also investigated.