• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.26-39
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• 2016

Korea's main manufacturing industries, which have led its economy for the past three decades, are faced with a serious downturn and loss of competitive advantages due to the current economic depression, China's rise, and the drop of oil prices. Korean business firms must adopt the paradigm shift in their value strategies, along with a government-led industrial restructuring in order to gain sustainable competitive advantages. Business firms allocate their limited resources between value creation and value appropriation, however, what effect does strategic emphasis on value creation versus value appropriation have on a business firm's financial performance? This paper empirically addresses this issue by examining the effect of shifts in strategic emphasis on stock return. Furthermore, this study examines appropriate choices of strategic emphasis to gain differential financial performance. The data set used in this regression analysis comes from the KISLINE database of NICE Information Service. The variables that form the basis of this analysis are stock return, ROA, and Strategic Emphasis [(advertising expenditures-R&D expenditures)/assets]. The interactive effect with situational factors regarding the firm and the type of technological environment in which the firm is operating was also analyzed. Our results show that investors acknowledge a shift of strategic emphasis as a sign of stock valuation. In comparison to US, Korean business firms have weak value creation capabilities in high-technology industries, and weak value appropriation capabilities in low-technology industries. This proves Korean firms are fast followers in the global market. Our findings suggest that Korean firms have to adopt a balanced value strategy, nurturing value creation and developing value appropriation for overcoming the current economic downturn and becoming a first mover in the dawn of "Industry 4.0."

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.150-156
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• 2009

In this study, Staphylococcus carnosus isolated from traditional sucuk (Turkish dry-fermented sausage) was used in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum as a lactic culture in sucuk production. Sucuk produced with only L. plantarum was evaluated as a control group. Microbiological, physicochemical, and volatile profile characteristics of sucuk samples were investigated during ripening. In both sausages with S. carnosus and control group, pH value decreased to below 5.0 at the $3^{rd}$ day. In all samples, Aw value decreased as the ripening time progressed. Sausages with S. carnosus showed the higher nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) value than control group. However, the highest mean value for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was observed in control group. Enterobacteriaceae dropped to undetectable levels at the $3^{rd}$ day in both groups. S. carnosus increased approximately 1 log unit within the first 3 days of the fermentation. In the presence of S. carnosus, significant changes were observed in only a few volatile compounds.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.617-626
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing conditions of three different amounts of seatangle powder, sugar, and butter in germinated brown rice cookie prepared with seatangle powder. The experiment was designed according to the Central Composite Design of response surface, which showed 16 experimental points including 2 replicates for seatangle powder, sugar and butter. The mechanical and sensory properties of each test were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical models. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. The L value, a value and b value decreased with increasing seatangle powder content and increased with sugar content. The a value and b value increased with increasing butter content, whereas the L value decreased with increasing butter content. Hardness decreased with increasing butter content. The results of sensory evaluation showed very significant values for texture (p<0.001), taste (p<0.01), and overall quality (p<0.05). As a result, the optimum formulation by numerical and graphical methods was calculated to be seatangle powder 4.25 g, sugar 49.86 g, and butter 58.23 g.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.68-75
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is revise the value yield to compensate of measure the difference between computer simulation and the measurement value on the two methods which can calculates thermal performance. The way is need to understand about thermal performance, air tightness, simulations and comparisons of analysis to influence the value of each identified. The opening type of the windows and doors to be used at the analysis are T/T, L/S and SL Different condition of the windows and doors excluded except the opening type. Each of the four samples was selected by the way of opening. Result of the analysis of the difference between measurement and simulation are that T/T approach 5.3%, L/S approach 15.7%, SL approach 21% and the more air-tightness guarantees less difference of the numerical value. Each compensation value calculates by the correlation regression analysis and the air-tightness data. After the compensation of the resulting difference in T/T, L/S, SL indicate 5.4%, 2.5%, 1.0% respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.53-56
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• 2004

The mechanical properties and optical micrographs are studied for rolled magnesium alloy sheet with hexagonal close packed structure(HCP) at room and elevated temperatures. Tensile properties such as tensile strength, elongation, R-value and n-value are also measured for AZ31 magnesium alloy. Magnesium with strong texture of basal plane parallel to the rolling direction usually has high R-value and plastic anisotropy at room temperature. As temperature increases, the R-value for AZ31 magnesium sheet decreases. In addition, the AZ31 sheet becomes isotropy and recrystallization above $200^{\circ}C$. Formability of magnesium alloy sheets remarkably poor at room temperature is improved by increasing temperature. Sheet forming of magnesium alloy is practically possible only at high temperature range where plastic anisotropy disappears.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.273-284
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• 1996

This study aimed at measuring the rural people's level of value and morality, identifying its related variables, and drawing some implications for rural adult education. To measure their value and moral levels, 141 Yoncheon county adults were interviewed or asked to answer the questionnaires based on the Braithwaite and Law's(value) and Rest's(morality) instruments. The data were analyzed mainly by ANOVA, Chi square test and Pearson product-moment correlation. The major findings were: (1) The rural people mainly remained in vital feeling value(fourth) level out of five levels(religious holiness, spiritual, mind, vital feeling and sensible feeling value in order), (2) They remained in harmonious interpersonal expectations stage(fourth mortality level) out of six stage(universal ethical principles, social contract, social conscience maintenance, harmonious interpersonal expectation, instrumental purpose, and punishment/obedience in order), (3) Religion, the number of participation in adult education, and the length of such participation were three variables related to the level of value, and age, schooling years, and the number of family wane three variable related to their morality level, and (4) The relationship between value and morality levels was not significantly identified. Rural adult education needs to be more strengthened for improving their spiritual quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.6 s.105
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• pp.145-152
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• 2006

Dyeing properties of sargent cherry of Prunus sargentii Rehder were investigated with silk fabrics. The absorbed wave lengths at UV-VIS spectrometer were 362nm, 386nm, 430nm, and 512nm. The K/S value showed high in following conditions: 100%(w/w) stock solution, 60 minutes of dyeing time, 80$^{\circ}C$ of dyeing temperature, and 5 times of dyeing repetition. The K/S value showed higher in post-mordant than in pre-mordant, and the change of color did not appear in pre-mordant samples. They were colored greenish yellow in post-mordanted Cu and Fe. The highest dyeability and $\Delta$E showed in post-mordanted Fe. The light fastness showed 3-4 in post-mordanted Fe, 1-2 in pre-mordanted Al, and washing and perspiration fastnesses showed also good results in post-mordanted Fe.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

Old-growth and giant tree is a nonrenewable resource with great value. The purpose of this study is to provide scientific and reasonable evaluations for the preservation and management of the old-growth and giant tree. Until now the research of old-growth and giant tree's value evaluation and authoritative index is so insufficient and imperfection. Combining with the particularity of the old-growth and giant tree, this study analyzed the main value factors of the old-growth and giant tree and objectively selected the evaluation indicators. According to the actual situation value appraisal model of the old-growth and giant tree was builded. The main value factors can be divided into economic value, cultural history, growing place, tree state, tree form, tree vigor, protection level, growth environment, tree species, tree canopy, and so on. The evaluate indicators can be selected and the indicators' weight can be calculate using analytic hierarchy process methods(AHP). Based on economic value and indicators' weight, tree's total value can be revealed. After calculation and analysis, Gyeongju Gyerim Zelkova serrata's value evaluation results is 491,503,300 won. The research results of this study can provide scientific basis and reference to the old-growth and giant trees' value appraisal and loss compensation, and arouse people's environmental awareness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to increase uv-cut ability of cotton, ramie, and rayon fabrics dyed with safflower red colorants. For this purpose, samples treated with uv-cut agent and tannic acid were compared with the untreated samples after ultraviolet(uv)-light exposure in terms of K/S value, color changes(${\Delta}E$), SEM, and tensile strength retention. K/S value rapidly decreased with increasing exposure time, but K/S value of the samples treated with both uv-cut agent and tannic acid decreased less than that of untreated samples. As increasing exposure time, $L^*$ and $b^*$ increased, $a^*$ decreased, and so ${\Delta}E$ increased, indicating less red character and more yellow character in color. This leads to change hue, value and chroma value. But color change of samples treated with both uv-cut agent and tannic acid was less than that of untreated samples. SEM pictures showed a severe degradation by uv exposure in all samples. Tensile strength slowly decreased for 21 days. And after this point, the decreased proceeded more rapidly. Tensile strength retention of the samples treated with uv-cut agent and tannic acid was higher than that of untreated samples.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.33-49
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• 2010

We empirically examine the impact of online auction knowledge and category-specific knowledge on the final price of online auctions. Specifically, we question how the relationship between buying and selling experiences affects the final prices of online auctions. Related to the trust between buyers and sellers, we examine the multiple interactions between a buyer-seller pairand aim to identify how these repeated transactions influence the final price. To contrast these effects with other product related factors, we focus on so called 'common value' auctions of vintage stamps on eBay, in which the ex-post value of the product is the same among participating agents’ perceived value. Online auction of stamps provides a representative setting to examine the relationship between market experience and the auction participation behavior in the common value auction, as it provides the book value of stamp as well as price variation across individual buyers with different expertise levels. Our analysis of over 3000 stamps auctions on eBay indicates a significantly high frequency of buyer-seller (pair) interactions, thus suggesting a 'relationship view' of auctions. The work validates five hypotheses derived from the existing theory in economics, marketing, and information systems. Through the common-value auction data, we find that seller's online auction experience and category-specific experience favor sellers by increasing the final price. However, buyer's online auction experience does not affect the final price, but buyer's category-specific experience favors buyers by decreasing the final price. We find that the trust between two trading parties increases the final price.