• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine improvements in dye uptake, expression of various colors, and color fastness when washed or exposed to light. We examined these improvements by doing the combination dyeing of Juniperus chinensis heartwood and Alnus japonica heartwood extracts. In this study, two combination dyeing methods were used. One-bath dyeing involves combining Juniperus chinensis heartwood extract and Alnus japonica heartwood extract. Two-bath dyeing involves dyeing by sequence, which means that we dyed the Juniperus chinensis heartwood extract first and then dyed Alnus japonica heartwood extract sequentially (or in the opposite order). In terms of improving dye uptake, two-bath dyeing was more effective than one-bath dyeing. For cotton, dyeing Juniperus chinensis heartwood extract first and then dyeing Alnus japonica heartwood extract sequentially showed higher dye uptake in the two-bath method, while for silk, there wasn't much difference in the dyeing order. Through combination dyeing, red-violet color from Juniperus chinensis heartwood and brown color from Alnus japonica heartwood made various Y, YR, R series of color as a result. Moreover, combination dyeing improved fabric's fastness when washed or exposed to light. In the case of cotton, fabric dyed using two-bath dyeing, with Juniperus chinensis heartwood extract being the first dye, showed improvement in fastness to washing and light. And in the case of silk, fastness to washing and light improved regardless of dyeing order in two-bath dyeing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.415-426
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• 2014

This study investigated the color change, enhancement of dye uptake, washing fastness, and light fastness of cotton and silk when dyed with Juniperus chinensis and Terminalia chebula (combination dyeing) using various methods. The dyeing methods were 1) dyeing Juniperus chinensis extract and Terminalia chebula Retzius extract sequentially (J-T), 2) dyeing Terminalia chebula Retzius extract and Juniperus chinensis extract sequentially (T-J), 3) dyeing Juniperus chinensis extract and Terminalia chebula Retzius extract simultaneously (J+T), and 4) dyeing Juniperus chinensis extract 4 times repeatedly and followed by a dyeing Terminalia chebula Retzius extract in sequence. In terms of increased dyeing uptake, combination dyeing (dyeing 2 times like method 1, 2, 3) had the same impact as the repeated dyeing (method 4). The color of J, T combination dyeing showed wide range of mixed YR series, Y series resulting from Terminalia chebula Retzius, and R series resulting from Juniperus chinensis. In cotton, J-T dyeing method showed superior enhancement of dye uptake, and T-J method in silk. In both of the cases, Y series color from Terminalia chebula Retzius extract was mainly shown (Y series color was superior to R series color after dyeing). Therefore, it is recommended for cotton to implement T-J method and for silk to implement J-T method in order to enhance both dyeing uptake and emphasize the color of R series. The K/S value of combination dyed fabrics was decreased by increasing washing time; however, the K/S value of combination dyed fabrics was increased by increasing UV irradiation time. But after repeated washing and longer UV irradiation, ${\Delta}E$ value of combination dyed fabric became smaller compared to fabric dyed with Juniperus chinensis only. Thus, it was found that after J, T combination dyeing, fabric became less prone to fading by washing and UV than after Juniperus chinensis single dyeing was done.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.687-699
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the antifungal activity and house dust mite repellent effect of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracts by hot-water and methanol. The chemical composition of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracts by hot-water and methanol was analyzed by GC-MS. In the case of antifungal activity, dyed fabrics with hot water extract had no effect against chaetomium globosum fungus. But showing no growth in fabrics dyed with methanol extract, dyed fabrics with methanol extract showed very excellent antifungal activity. Silk fabric dyed with methanol extract showed excellent house dust mite repellent effect of 94.3%~96.0% against dermatophagodes farinae. The composition of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracts from hot-water and methanol was different. There were no terpene and its analogue peaks in hot-water extract. However there were terpene and its analogue peaks in methanol extract. From these GC-MS results, terpene was identified in methanol extract of Juniperus chinensis heartwood. Efficient ingredient of antifungal activity and house dust mite repellent effect was assumed terpene.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.71 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 1985

Cytological observations in the seven varieties of Juniperus chinensis L. showed three varieties (J. chinensis var. procumbens, J. chinensis var. kaizuka and J. chinensi.s var. aureo-variegata) were tetraploid with chromosome number, 2n=44, and rest of four varieties (J. chinensis var. horizontalis, J. chinensis var. sargentii, J. chinensis var. gtobosa and J. chinensis var. aureo-globosa) to be diploid, 2n=22. Chromosome configuration and behavior in the meiosis of P.M.C. of three tetraploids appeared to be slightly irregular. These results suggest that triploid tree can be artificially produced with these specific clones.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

Electrospinning is a simple and effective process for producing nanofiber with diameter range from nanometers to micrometers which have high specific surface area. Hence, medicated nanofibers can be readily fabricated using a solution containing a mixture of a plant-extracts and a polymer. It has proved that Juniperus Chinensis can be effectively used for the prevention of UV and SLS-induced advers skin reaction such as radical production, inflammation and skin cell damage. It also found that Juniperus Chinensis has efficient ingredient of antifungal activity and house dust mite repellent effect. The fabrication of PVA nanofibers containing Juniperus Chinensis extracts by electrospinning has been studied. PVA/Juniperus Chinensis extracts composite nanofibers were produced at different Juniperus Chinensis concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1.5 wt. %). The parameters of electrospinning including polymer contents, voltage and tip-to-collector distance (TCD) were optimized for fabrication process. The study show that 12 wt. % PVA, 10kV applied voltage and TCD 10~20 cm are the best condition to obtain uniform PVA/Juniperus Chinensis extracts composite nanofibers. Morphologies of the electrospun composite nanofiber were observed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope. It has been found that the average diameters of fibers increased by the adding of Juniperus Chinensis extracts. As the results, PVA/Juniperus Chinensis extracts composite nanofibers having a diameter in the range from 310~360 nm were successfully prepared via an electrospinning.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

The uniform nanofibers of polyurethane with different contents of Juniperus Chinensis extracts were successfully prepared by electrospinning method. Polyurethane is widely used as functional polymers in the industrials, medical field as their properties can be tailor-made by adjusting their compositions. Juniperus Chinensis has been reported for anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral activities. PU/Juniperus Chinensis extracts composite nanofibers were produced at different Juniperus Chinensis extracts concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5wt.%). The effects of the major parameters in electrospinning process such as tip to collector distance (TCD), voltage, polymer concentration on the average diameter of electrospun nanoweb were investigated. As results, 12wt% PU solution concentration, 8kV applied voltage and 15cm tip to collector distance were identified as optimum conditions for electrospinning the composite nanofibers. The diameter and morphology of the nanocomposite nanofibers were confirmed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting fibers exhibited a uniform diameter ranging from 435nm~547nm. It has been found that the average diameters of fibers decreased by the adding of Juniperus Chinensis extracts. These nanowebs can be used for medical materials, protective clothing, and antimicrobial filters.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.75 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 1986

This study was designed to investigate the karyotype analysis of Juniperus chinensis and its seven varieties, and P. densiflora and P. densiflora for. multicaulis. Following results were obtained. 1. Three varieties, J. chinensis v. kaizuka, J. chinensis v. aureo-variegata and J. chinensis v. procumbens are turned out as tetraploids. 2. Varieties having many long chromosomes and long mean relative length of chromosomes are J. chinensis and J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa, while varieties having short chromosomes are J. chinensis v. horizontalis and J. chinensis v. globosa. 3. Varieties with high mean ratio of long arm length to short arm are J. chinensis v. globosa and J. chinensis v. kaizuka, while a variety with the low mean ratio is J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa. 4. When chromosomes are arranged according to the total length, the most similar variety with J. chinensis was J. chinensis v. sargentii, J. chinensis v. horizontalis, J. chinensis v. globosa and J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa, while the least similar one was J. chinensis v. procumbens. 5. Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis has shorter mean relative length of chromosome than P. densiflora, while the arm ratio of the former is higher than the latter. 6. When chromosomes are arranged according to the total length, six chromosomes showed the same order between the two varieties. 7. P. densiflora for. multicaulis has many chromosomes with secondary constriction.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.449-452
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• 2002

The antioxidant activity of Juniperus chinensis (Cupressaceae) was determined by measuring the radical scavenging effect on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The methanolic extract of J. chinensis heartwood showed the strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of n-BuOH soluble fraction was stronger than that of the others, and the fraction was subjected to purification by repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Quercetin, naringenin, taxifolin, aromadendrin and isoquercitrin were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction. Their structures were elucidated by physico-chemical and spectroscopic studies.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.194-205
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• 2013

In this study, we report dyeing properties and functionality of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with methanol extract from Juniperus chinensis heartwood. Non-aqueous dye of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracted with methanol was expressed reddish color. It showed relatively good affinity to silk than cotton. Dye uptake of cotton and silk continued to increase according to the increase of the dye concentration. Cotton was not affected by the dyeing temperature and time, however, dye uptake of silk was increased as the dyeing time and temperature were increased. Dye uptake of cotton and silk were the highest at pH 8 and pH 6 respectively. Dyed fabrics showed various colors depending on mordant types and mordant concentration. Washing, light and perspiration fastness were not good. However, rubbing and dry cleaning fastness showed relatively good grade. Dyed fabrics of ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability were improved. Also, dyed fabrics showed very good antimicrobial abilities of 99.9%.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.181-193
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate dyeing properties and functionality of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with hot-water extract from Juniperus chinensis heartwood. Water-soluble dye of Juniperus chinensis heartwood extracted with distilled water was expressed YR color series. Dye uptake of cotton continued to increase according to the increase of the dye concentration. Its variation trends were shown to be similar to the isothermal absorption curve of the Freundlich. Dye uptake of silk was better than cotton, increased depending on increasing concentration of the dye, dyeing time and temperature. Its variation trends were shown to be similar to the isothermal absorption curve of the Langmuir. As the pH increased, the dye uptake of fabrics reduced and showed increased on red tinge. Colors of the dyed fabrics were various, depending on dye concentration and the mordant type and mordant concentration. Washing fastness, light fastness and perspiration fastness were not good. However, rubbing and dry cleaning fastness showed relatively good grade. Dyed fabrics of ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability were improved. And dyed fabrics showed antimicrobial abilities of 99.9% against Staphylococcus aureus.