• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.90-101
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• 2003

Gait analysis can provide a better understanding of how the alignment of the lower limb and foot can contribute to force observed at the knee. Anatomic and mechanical factors that affect loading in the knee pint can contribute to pathologic change seen at the knee in degenerative pint disease and should be considered in treatment plan. The purpose of this study is to present the gait analysis data and to determine whether there is any relationships between alignment of the lower limb, foot progression angle and knee pint moments in elderly healthy women with 3-dimensional motion analyzer. The results were as follows; 1. Cadence showed 114.8 steps/min, gait speed showed 1.05 m/s, time per a stride showed 1.06 sec, time per a step showed 0.53 sec, single-supporting phase was 0.41 sec, double-supporting phase was 0.24 sec, stride length was 1.04 m, Step length was 0.56 m. 2. According to the parameters of kinematics, the maximal knee flexion angle through swing phase showed left $46.82^{\circ}$, right $40.19^{\circ}$ and the maximal knee extension angle showed left $-1.32^{\circ}$, right $2.01^{\circ}$. knee varus showed left $26.90^{\circ}$, right $30.93^{\circ}$. 3. Moment, one of kinetic parameters of knee pint the maximal flexion moment showed left 0.363. Nm/kg, right 0.464 Nm/kg and maximal extension moment showed left 0.389 Nm/kg, right 0.463 Nm/kg. The maximal. adduction moment showed left 0.332 Nm/kg, right 0.379 Nm/kg and the maximal internal rotatory moment showed left 0.13 Nm/kg, right 0.140 Nm/kg. 4. On sagittal plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.571 J/kg, right 0.629 J/kg. On coronal plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.11 J/kg, right 0.12 J/kg. On transverse plane, the maximal power of knee joint showed left 0.058 J/kg, right 0.072 J/kg. 5. The subject who had varus alignment of the lower extremity had statistically higher in knee adduction moment in mid stance phase. 6. The subject who had large foot progression angle had statistically lower in knee adduction moment in late stance phase. A relationship was observed between the alignment of the lower extremity and the adduction moment of the knee joint during stance phase. Hence, we need some research to figure, out the change of adduction moment according to the sort of knee joint osteoarthritis and the normal geriatrics as well. And we also require more effective, specific therapeutic program by making use of those background of researches.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.325-330
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• 2007

This study was to determine whether canine model which produce acute permanent joint instability in short period without postoperative exercise have a degenerative changes and also evaluated its suitability as an appropriate animal OA models. Ten skeletally mature beagle dogs underwent a unilateral surgical transection of the cranial cruciate ligament and, the medial collateral ligament as well as a medial meniscectomy. The contra-lateral joint was used as control. After 12 weeks, After 12 weeks, the amount of joint damage, inflammation and biochemical change of synovial fluid was evaluated. Histological analysis showed chondrocyte clone formation, hypertrophy of the cartilage and moderate loss of proteoglycans in the experimental joints compared to control joints. In addition, the synovial inflammation in the experimental joints was observed. Biochemical analysis of SF showed significantly increased MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) -2 and -9 in experimental joints compared to control joints. This canine OA model shows the characteristics of degenerative joint disease, and may have a advantages of reducing the time and cost because postoperative exercise is not needed in this OA model.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 1995

Synovial sarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor which is the most prevalent in adolescents and young adults between 10 and 40 years of age. It occurs primarily in the para-articular regions, usually in close association with tendon sheath, bursae and joint capsules. Favorable clinical factors are young age of the patients, tumor size smaller than 5cm, and distal rather than proximal location in the extremities. We analysed clinical findings of 13 cases of synovial sarcoma that had been experienced from January 1983 to December 1992. There were 8 females and 5 males, whose age was averaged as 28 years and 10 months ranging from 6 years to 54 years. The mean follow-up was 3 years(range : 9 months- 9 years 1 month). Palpable mass was frequent clinical symptom and lower extremity especially around the knee was the most prevalent site. Treatment modalities were the combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Distant metastasis occured in 5(38%) cases : 4 cases to lung and 1 case to neck, and 2 cases had local recurrences. At final follow-up 6 cases were continous disease free, 2 alive with disease and 5 died of disease. The Kaplan-Meier's estimated 5 year survival rate of total 13 cases was 66% and satisfactory results were obtained with mass size smaller than 5cm.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2013

Renal osteodystrophy(RO) is characterized by skeletal changes in patients with renal disease and developed as a result of alterations in the metabolism of calcium, phosphate and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Bony changes in the craniofacial region include decreased bone density, radiolucent lesions(brown tumors), depletion of cortical bone and loss of lamina dura, but such changes rarely occur in the temporomandibular joint(TMJ). We report an uncommon case of bony changes and pain of both TMJs in a patient with RO. A 41-year-old man with RO came to our clinic due to TMJ pain and sounds. Occlusal change was also reported. Radiographs revealed degenerative changes of the both condyles. The patient had medical history of renal cancer therapy and hemodialysis. The patient was diagnosed with TMJ arthritis of RO and referred for systemic management through medication of calcium and vitamin D and parathyroidectomy. At 15-month follow-up, most of TMD symptoms disappeared and second radiographs revealed that bone density and cortical thickness of the mandible increased and the skeletal outline of the both condyles became relatively clear. As bony changes may begin in the early stage of the renal disease, dentists should be alert to detect the sign of the disease. In addition, it is important to differentiate TMJ arthritis of systemic cause because the treatment protocol is quite different.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to collect and analyze the KCD codes applied to the treatment of 27 postpartum women who had been treated with Korean traditional medicine in a Korean medicine hospital, so that this study may be used as a basic data for setting the direction of postpartum Korean medical treatment research. Methods: It was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University medical center (IRB approval number : WSOH IRB H1708-02-01). Twenty-seven postpartum women who had been treated at ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University medical center were received outpatient treatment for two weeks (from September 27, 2017 to January 5, 2018), and the KCD codes applied to the mothers were collected after obtaining the consent. On the day of registration of the study, the fertility, obstetric history and high-risk pregnancies were identified through an interview. Results: 1. The mean age of the 27 subjects was $33.33{\pm}3.99\;years$ old. Among the subjects, 17 mothers (63.0%) were high-risk pregnancy and 10 mothers (37.0%) were normal. 2. Among the 22 major disease categories, 8 categories were used. M code (musculoskeletal system) was used 243 times (70.85%), followed by R code (unclassified symptom) of 51 times (14.87%) and U code (special purpose code) of 23 times (6.71%). 3. The most commonly used code among the ten frequently used codes was M25.57 (joint pain, ankle and foot), a total of 47 times. Of the remaining nine codes, except for R60.1 (systemic edema) and U68.4 (The deficiency of yang in Bi), all codes were M codes (musculoskeletal system). 4. The M code (musculoskeletal system) was the most used major disease category in high-risk group, a total of 159 times. But in specific categories, the most commonly used code was R60.1 (systemic edema), a total of 28 times. 5. In normal group, the M code (musculoskeletal system) was the most used major disease category, a total of 84 times. Also, in specific categories, the most commonly used code was M25.57 (joint pain, ankle and foot), total 29 times. 6. The U code, corresponding to 'the diagnosis of childbirth and other obstetrical medical use', was used 23 times (6.71%), O code three times (0.87%) and Z code two times (0.58%), which was less than 10% of the total number of codes used. Conclusion: When analyzing KCD codes related to Korean medicine treatment for postpartum diseases, it is important to select the KCD codes that reflect the actual clinical state.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1311-1327
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• 2010

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between depression and subjective/objective health status, and to examine predicting factors on depression in the elderly in Korea. This study was a secondary analysis using the data of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(VI-1) 2007. A total of 939 data from the subjects ≥60 years who completed health-related survey were used for analysis. Data were analyzed using SAS (version 9.1) PC program. Depression was identified in the 20.3% of the older subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=2.04), senior high school graduation (OR=0.27) and lowermiddle household income (OR=2.83) were significant associating factors(p<0.05). After adjustment for socio-demographic factors, hypertension (OR=1.93) and asthma (OR=3.32) as objective health status, and stress (OR=7.27), limited activity in daily living due to fracture or joint injury (OR=6.59) and poor self-rate health (OR=1.64) as subjective health status were found as factors predicting depression in the elderly(p<0.05). According to the type of health status, the subjects who had chronic disease or perceived poor physical health were 5.94 times more likely to have disposition to depression than the subjects who had no chronic disease or perceived good physical health (p=0.001). These findings suggest that preventive education and intervention focus on preventing and managing chronic diseases such as hypertension, asthma, fracture and joint injury should be needed to decrease depression in the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2007

Purpose: This study is to analysis the outcome of patient with surgically treated Maisonneuve fracture and find out the factors that might influence the outcome. Material and methods: 20 patients who had surgical treatment due to Maisonneuve fracture between February, 2001 to March, 2005 were studied. The patients were followed for at least 1 year and average follow up period was 25 months. The average age was 41 years, 16 were male and 4 were female. Mechanism of injury according to Rouge-Hansen classification was supination-external rotation. In all cases, percutaneous screw fixation was applied proximal to tibiofibular syndesmosis. The screws were removed after 8 weeks under local anesthesis. Clinical, functional and radiographic results were evaluated. Results: 17 cases (85%) showed satisfying clinical and radiographic results. The mean functional score according to Ankle Scoring System was 91 (83 to 95). Complication occurred in 1 case with underlying systemic disease and 2 cases with initial ankle joint dislocation. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of Maisonneuve fracture showed relatively satisfying result. However, initial injury state and accompanying disease seem to have great effect on the result.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to search the present state of physiotherapy and the development direction of a curriculum for physiotherapy educational program, especially in field of orthopedic manual therapy, in Swaziland. Methods: The developed curriculum is as follows: 1. Disease and Health State in Swaziland. 2. Medical Human Resources State of Swaziland. 3. Physiotherapy Services State in Swaziland. 4. Higher Education State in Swaziland. 5. Development Direction of a Curriculum for Physiotherapy Educational Program in Swaziland. Conclusions: There is no a physiotherapist in Swaziland and Swaziland government which has not a physiotherapy education programme in any university of whole country. So we need to the development direction of a curriculum for physiotherapy educational program for the future of Swaziland, especially in field of orthopedic manual therapy. The reason is firstly, most of people are obesity in this country, so many people complained a lot of joint and muscle pain. And secondly, also there are many musculoskeletal disease patients now a day in Swaziland because of HIV/AIDS. Lastly, Swaziland country is in a poor and developing state, so physiotherapist it is hard to make a purchase and setting physiotherapy modalities apparatus at Swaziland country.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.172-172
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• 2008

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare, benign, proliferating disease affecting the synovium of joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths. The knee is the most common site of involvement and accounts for up to 80% of cases. Involvement of the shoulder is extremely rare. Only 1 case of involvement of the subacromial space has been reported worldwide. We report a case of localized extra-articular PVNS of the subacromial space that was satisfactorily treated with marginal excision; the disease has not recurred during an 18-month follow-up period. The clinical manifestation, treatment, and prognosis of extra-articular PVNS are poorly understood, but if the lesion is left untreated, it can invade the surrounding soft tissue and joint. Therefore, we believe that early diagnosis and treatment are important for the satisfactory management of PVNS.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.18-29
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• 2011

Objectives: To investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of Gyulpidaehwangbakcho-tang (GDBT) extract in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The mice received $100{\mu}g$ of bovine type II collagen in Freund's complete adjuvant by intradermal injection at the base of the tail on day 0 and a booster injection on day 21. The mice were orally administered with GDBT (200 or 50mg/kg dissolved in distilled water) daily from day 1 to day 21 after arthritis incidence, and monitored for disease incidence and the severity of arthritis up to day 21. In order to evaluate the effect of GDBT on disease progression, we examined pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2 and NOS-II. Results: GDBT produced a significant and dose dependent inhibition of arthritis and inflammation during the entire duration of the study. This action was characterized by the decreased production of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, COX-2, and NOS-II in vivo. Conclusion: We believe that the anti-arthritic activity of GDBT is due to its modulatory effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine in the synovium. Our results contribute towards validation of the traditional use of GDBT in the treatment of RA and other inflammatory joint disorders.