• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.789-799
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• 2012

The major causes of environmental and social conflicts were analyzed through the samples of the construction and the management for tidal power plant abroad and inland. Based on the results, the eco-friendly and socially acceptable policy instruments for decreasing the scope and intensity of the conflicts were explored. Regarding environment issues, it was found that the tidal power project resulted in decreasing in tidal range and area of intertidal zone and in damaging to tidal flat and wetland conservation area. Also there are the characteristic change of tidal current and biological effect, etc. The major environmental and social conflicts were resulted from the distrust of environmental results to environmental impact assessment and prior environmental review and the distrust of project feasibility study, and insufficient activities of public participation. In this study, introduction to joint fact-finding(JFF) was reviewed as the measure of minimizing environmental and social conflicts.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2010

In recent years, genome-wide association (GWA) studies have successfully led to many discoveries of genetic variants affecting common complex traits, including height, blood pressure, and diabetes. Although GWA studies have made much progress in finding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with many complex traits, such SNPs have been shown to explain only a very small proportion of the underlying genetic variance of complex traits. This is partly due to that fact that most current GWA studies have relied on single-marker approaches that identify single genetic factors individually and have limitations in considering the joint effects of multiple genetic factors on complex traits. Joint identification of multiple genetic factors would be more powerful and provide a better prediction of complex traits, since it utilizes combined information across variants. Recently, a new statistical method for joint identification of genetic variants for common complex traits via the elastic-net regularization method was proposed. In this study, we applied this joint identification approach to a large-scale GWA dataset (i.e., 8842 samples and 327,872 SNPs) in order to identify genetic variants of obesity for the Korean population. In addition, in order to test for the biological significance of the jointly identified SNPs, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were further conducted.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Purpose - This study aims to analyze 7-Eleven's specific competitive advantage strategy according to changes in the Japanese convenience store industry by selecting 7-Eleven, a leading company in the Japanese convenience store industry, as a representative case study. Research design, data, and methodology - Due to the current COVID-19 situation, fact-finding such as interviews with key managers through visiting surveys was not possible, so this case study was carried out based on the literature such as official and unofficial data collected from the companies through e-mail and articles that have been published outside. Result - As a result of the analysis, the researcher found that five competing strategy factors, such as dominant strategy, innovative logistics system strategy, information system development strategy, joint product development strategy, and direct communication strategy have closely maintained the mutual relation to form a combined strategy focusing on the franchise development strategy. Conclusion - The competitive advantage of 7-Eleven is thought to have secured its competitive advantage by combining the five competitive strategies complementarily for rapid response to change, cost advantage, and differentiated advantage. The management implications specified in this study can be considered a reference for establishing a competitive strategy for sustainable growth of the convenience store industry in the fierce competition and saturated market environment of Korean convenience stores.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-50
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• 2001

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Although the joints are the major loci of the disease activity, fatigue is a common extraarticular symptom that exists in all gradations of rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue is defined as a subjective sense of generalized tiredness or exhaustion and has multiple dimensions. Therefore fatigue is a common and frequent problem for those with rheumatoid arthritis. In fact, 88-100% of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis experience fatigue. Especially the degree of fatigue is higher in women than men with rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the importance of fatigue among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the mechanism that leads to fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis is not completely understood. This study was intended to test and validate a model to predict fatigue in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Especially it was intended to identify the direct and indirect effects of the variables of pain, disability, depression, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration to fatigue. Data were collected by questionnaires including Multidimensional Assesment of Fatigue(Tack, 1991), numeric scale of pain, graphic scale of joints, Ritchie Articular Index, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire(Bae, et al., 1998), Inventory of Function Status(Tulman, et al., 1991), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, and Korean Sleep Scale(Oh, et al 1998). The sample consisted of 345 women with a mean duration of rheumatoid arthritis for 10.06 years and a mean age of 49.64 years. SPSS win and Win LISREL were used for the data analysis. Structural equation modeling revealed the overall fit of the model. Pain predicted fatigue directly and indirectly through disability, depression, and sleep disturbance. Disability, sleep disturbance predicted fatigue only directly, while depression only indirectly through disability and sleep disturbance. Also morning stiffness and symptom duration predicted fatigue through disability and depression. All predictors accounted for 65% of the variance of fatigue. Depression, pain, and disability predicted sleep disturbance. Depression had reciprocal relationship with disability and they both were predicted by pain directly and indirectly. In summary, pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration contributed to the fatigue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The best predictor of fatigue was pain. This finding indicates that the modification of pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness could be nursing intervention for relief or prevention of fatigue.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• nspc5호
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• pp.29-46
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• 2005

한국동물분류학회 창립 20주년을 기념하기 위하여 진도의 무척추 동물상에 관한 공동조사가 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 해산연체동물상을 연구하기 위해 2004년 6월 29일에서 6월 30일까지 3개 지점에서 조사를 실시하였고 그 결과 모두 37과 77종의 연체동물 종이 채집, 동정되었다. 이들 중 18과 26종은 진도지역에서 처음으로 채집, 보고되는 종이었으며, 특히 Onchidella kurodai (Taki, 1935) 검은콩갯민숭이는 한국 미기록종으로 밝혀져 이에 대한 기재와 도판을 작성하였다. 과거의 문헌기록 등을 포함하여 본 연구로부터 새롭게 기록된 종들을 종합하면 진도 및 인근 지역에서 보고된 연체동물은 현재까치 총 43과 115종이 된다. 생물지리학적 특성의 관점에서 볼 때, 진도에서 발견된 일부 복족류 종들 (Bittium craticulatum, Macroschisma dilatatum, Cantharidus japonicus, C. callichroa, Homalopoma sangarense, Crepidula onyx)은 제주지역을 포함한 한반도 남해 혹은 동해안 지역에서 이전의 연구를 통해 발견된 종들이었다. 진도지역에는 한반도 서해안 연안에 걸쳐 분포하는 연체동물의 많은 종이 서식하고 있다는 사실과 함께, 본 연구로부터 새롭게 얻어진 발견은 진도가 한반도의 남부 해안과 서부 해안 생물상이 중첩분포하고 있는 지역이라는 이전의 Kim and Kwon (1983)의 의견을 지지하는 또 하나의 증거가 된다. 향후 종합적인 생물상 연구가 수행될 경우 진도지역의 생물지리학적 특성에 관련된 새로운 정보는 물론. 보다 다양한 동물상이 추가될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 한반도의 주요 생태계인 활엽수림과 농경지에서 지면 모형 JULES(Joint UK Land Environment Simulator)으로 모의한 총일차생산량 (Gross Primary Productivity: GPP)과 생태계 호흡량 (ecosystem respiration: RE)의 수치 모사 결과에 영향을 미치는 주요 모수를 파악하였으며, 민감한 모수에 대해 실측자료를 사용함에 따른 모형 예측력의 개선 정도를 평가하였다. 민감도 실험의 결과, 활엽수림과 농경지에서 모두 JULES로 모의한 GPP는 잎 내부의 질소농도와 리불로오스이인산(RuBP) 카르복실화의 최대 속도에 가장 민감하였다. RE는 활엽수림에서는 목질부 탄소량과 엽면적지수를 연결시켜주는 상수에 가장 민감하였다. 반면에 농경지에서 수치모사된 RE는 GPP와 같이 각각 잎 내부의 질소 농도와 RuBP 카르복실화의 최대 속도에 가장 민감하였다. JULES로부터 제공된 모수의 값으로 모의된 두 지역의 GPP와 RE는 모두 관측값에 비해 과대평가되었다. 특히 활엽수림에서 GPP가 가장 민감하게 반응했던 잎 질소 농도의 실제 관측값이 모형에서 사용하는 기존 설정값의 50% 이하임을 고려할 때 모형에서 설정된 모수의 값으로 탄소 순환을 수치 모사할 경우에 모수의 기존 설정값과 실제값의 차이가 모형의 과다모의에 상당한 영향을 미침을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 한반도 탄소순환의 현실적인 모의를 위해서는 모형에서 요구되는 생물리학적 정보가 한반도 다양한 식생 기능 형태를 현실적으로 잘 반영하는지를 확인해야 할 뿐 아니라 지속적인 현장 관측을 통해서 생물리학적 정보와 관련된 자료기반을 마련하는 것이 중요하다.