• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.165.2-166
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.385-395
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• 2012

Objectives : Meridian sinew theory was introduced in Miraculous Pivot, Huangdi's Internal Classic, to explain in relation with locations of meridian sinews, causes, mechanisms, and treatment of diseases. The meridian sinews are understood to include muscles, tendons and ligaments, or muscles in the superficial body made up with muscles, ligaments, tendons, fascia etc. This theory shows the similarity or organic relationship between the meridian sinews and muscles. From the Hippocrates(460-385 BC) ages, traction therapy was used as a treatment method on muscular diseases such as low back pain, scoliosis, etc in western medicine. The effects of traction therapy, however, were unclear so that this study was purposed to illustrate the effectiveness of continuous traction therapy and to develop meridian sinews treatment. Methods : We made 2 hypotheses to explain the cause of scoliosis occurrence, muscles contraction and relaxation. As the hypothesis, we made the spinal model having 3 joints with wood and rubber bands. Each of the three joints in the spinal model represents the case of normal(NT; control), contraction(AT 1)and relaxation(AT 2) condition, and distance between the vertebrae joints was measured. Results : Under normal circumstance models, the normal type 1(NT 1; muscle relax state) and normal type 2(NT 2; muscle contract state) all joints were being towed equally. But in an unusual contracted situation, regardless of the relationship of joint area, contracted part of joint was not released. And in a relaxed situation, regardless of joint areas, released parts of joint were further released. These observation results mean that the effects of traction might be different from the purpose of traction therapy of Hippocrates. Conclusions : To explain the effect of traction therapy for scoliosis, the spinal cord model and scoliosis model were made. After vertebral bodies were pulled with different tensile forces, we compared the observed length of the each joints pulled. The results suggested that there were no effects of traction in objected parts with traction method from Hippocrates' design, continuous traction method. Moreover, it may worsen the symptom in worst case. Of course, our results are just the result of experimental models and clinical results may be different. More careful studies, therefore, are required.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2020

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. Inflammation is a recognized and important factor of OA progression. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of Corni Fructus water extract (CFW) on a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of OA. Methods: Osteoarthritis was induced by injection of MIA (50 µL; 80 mg/mL) into the knee joint cavity of rats. After an adaptation period for seven days, the rats were divided into 4 groups (n=8/group): normal, control, indomethacin-treated (5 mg/kg), and CFW-treated (200 mg/kg) groups. The rats were treated orally for 14 days. Pain was evaluated by determining hind paw weight distribution. For biochemical analyses, we measured the changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO^-) in the knee joint. The presence of anti-oxidant proteins and inflammatory proteins was determined by western blotting. Results: The administration of CFW significantly improved the hind paw weight distribution. The ROS and ONOO^- levels of knee joint were significantly decreased in the CFW group. CFW inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators, such as COX-2, and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-1β, via the NF-κB signaling pathway. The expression of anti-oxidant enzymes, such as catalase and GPx-1/2 also increased significantly. Conclusions: The findings indicate that CFW has a therapeutic and protective effect on OA by suppression of inflammation. Therefore, CFW could represent a potential and effective candidate for OA treatment.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1212-1223
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• 2022

Skin lesions are common diseases that range from skin rashes to skin cancer, which can lead to death. Note that early diagnosis of skin diseases can be important because early diagnosis of skin diseases considerably can reduce the course of treatment and the harmful effect of the disease. Recently, the development of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems based on artificial intelligence has been actively made for the early diagnosis of skin diseases. In a typical CAD system, the accurate classification of skin lesion types is of great importance for improving the diagnosis performance. Motivated by this, we propose a novel deep ensemble classification with multi-scale attention networks. The proposed deep ensemble networks are jointly trained using a single loss function in an end-to-end manner. In addition, the proposed deep ensemble network is equipped with a multi-scale attention mechanism and segmentation information of the original skin input image, which improves the classification performance. To demonstrate our method, the publicly available human skin disease dataset (HAM 10000) and the private animal skin lesion dataset were used for the evaluation. Experiment results showed that the proposed methods can achieve 97.8% and 81% accuracy on each HAM10000 and animal skin lesion dataset. This research work would be useful for developing a more reliable CAD system which helps doctors early diagnose skin diseases.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2008

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a disease-specific exercise (DSE) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function and neck mobility in TMJ dysfunction associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Ten AS patients (seven males and three females) with TMJ dysfunction were recruited for this study. The DSE included exercises to correct head and neck posture and to improve the flexibility of the neck and TMJs. The patients attended treatment three times a week for 4 weeks, averaging 1 hour each session. Assessments were performed pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6 weeks after the completion of treatment. General physical status was assessed by four clinical measures (tragus-to-wall distance, modified Schober test, lumbar side flexion, and intermalleolar distance), the Bath ankylosing spondylitis function index (BASFI), and the Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index. The main outcome measures included TMJ function (craniomandibular index (CMI)), and neck mobility (flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral rotation). None of the measures of general physical status, with the exception of BASFI, were significant1y different between the pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6-week follow-up (p>.05). However, CMI and all neck movements, except for extension, significant1y improved after the treatment (p<.05). These improvements were maintained during the follow-up period. The DSE used in the present study seems to be a clinical1y useful method for managing patients with symptoms from the stomatognathic system in AS. Further studies with more subjects and longer treatment times, including the follow-up period, will be conducted to validate these findings.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.19-35
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was carried out to find the effects of Changchuldoin-tanggamibang (hereinafter referred to CDIT) on the inhibition of arthritis induced by collagen on DBA/1J mouse. Methods: The experimental mice were divided into four groups: normal group (Nr), control group (CIA-CT), methotrexate group (CIA-MTX), and Changchuldoin-tanggamibang group (CIA-CDIT). Cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, arthritis index, value of immunocytes in draining lymph node and paw joint, and rheumatoid factor (IgG, IgM) in serum were measured in vivo. Results: 1. Cytotoxicity against hFCs was not shown in any concentration. 2. Hepatotoxicity was low in the CDIT-treated group compared with the MTX group. 3. The arthritis index decreased significantly. 4. In total cell counts of DLN and paw joint, the cells in DLN increased significantly while there was a significant decrease in paw joint. 5. In lymph nodes, CD19+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD3+/CD8+, CD3+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+, CD3+/CD49b+, and CD4+/CD44+ cells increased significantly, while B220+/CD23+, and CD11c+/MHCII+ cells decreased significantly. 6. In joints, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD25+, and CD11b+/Gr-1+ cells decreased significantly. 7. The level of IgG decreased and the level of IgM significantly decreased compared with the control. 8. Anti-collagen II in serum decreased compared with the control. 9. Around the joint of the CDIT group, infiltration of inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, invasion of cytokine, of cartilage, deposition of collagen and synovial injury decreased compared with the control in histopathologic observation (HE, MT staining). Conclusions: Comparison of the results for this study showed that CDIT had immunomodulatory effects. We expect that CDIT could be used as a effective drug for not only rheumatoid arthritis but also another auto-immune diseases. Therefore, we have to survey continuously, looking for effective substances and mechanisms in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.117-117
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• 2016

Total ankle replacement (TAR) is a visible option in the surgical treatment of degenerative or inflammatory diseases of ankle joint. it is attributed to the current TAR which has improvements in surgical technique, uncemented implant fixation and minimally constrained articulation. In the clinical result, they can show promised surgical result when compared to earlier attempts in TAR. However, TAR is still not as successful as total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR), it needs to be note that there are limitations in concerning of long term performance of TAR, the high failure rate still associated with wear of the PE (polyethylene) component that has related with their material property and surface roughness. The aim of this study was to introduce the tribology characteristics of total ankle joint prosthesis with one of TDR model which was fabricated to try multi-axis wear test as a region of motion in ankle joint. The wear specimen of TDR was prepared with Ti-6Al-4V alloy and UHMWPE (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) for tibia-talus and bearing component, respectively. A wear test was carried out using a Force 5 (AMTI, Massachusetts, US) wear simulator which can be allowed to move in three axis to flexion-extension ($+3^{\circ}{\sim}-6^{\circ}$), internal-external axial rotation (${\pm}5^{\circ}$), as well as sinusoidal compressive load (1.6 kN, R=10). All tests were performed following standard ISO 14243, wear rate was calculated with weight loss of UHMWPE bearing while the specimen has tested at certain cycles. As based on the preliminary results, wear rate of UHMWPE bearing was $7.9{\times}10^{-6}mg/cycles$ ($R^2=0.86$), calculated loss weight until $10^7cycles$ was 79 mg, respectively.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.153-157
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• 2024

Septic arthritis of the manubriosternal joint is a rare condition, especially in adolescents, who often present with nonspecific symptoms that can mimic more common conditions such as musculoskeletal chest pain, costochondritis. Here, we report a case of septic arthritis in a 17-year-old girl and highlight the challenges in diagnosing and managing this condition in adolescents. Initially presenting with acute chest pain diagnosed as transient nonspecific chest pain, the patient's subsequent visits to the emergency department unveiled escalating symptoms, including high fever, prompting advanced imaging. Ultimately, the diagnosis of septic arthritis of the manubriosternal joint was confirmed, with blood culture growth revealing Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Diagnostic delays have been attributed to the absence of typical symptoms and patient reluctance to be hospitalized. Our case emphasizes the importance of considering rare infectious etiologies in adolescents with chest pain and emphasizes the need for heightened suspicion in unusual anatomical sites. Further research is required to elucidate the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with this condition to aid in prompt diagnosis and treatment.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.277-288
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary acidity load and clinical symptoms in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This case-control study examined 55 patients with RA and 215 healthy individuals in a Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCDs) cohort study, Iran. Participants' food intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The dietary acidity was calculated using potential renal acid load (PRAL), net endogenous acid production (NEAP), and dietary acid load (DAL) scores. The patients with RA were identified based on the self-reporting, medications history, and the approval of the cohort center physician following patients' examination. The odds ratio (OR) of joint stiffness in fully adjusted model was greater in the upper median of dietary acidity than in the lower median (PRAL: odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-2.36), but there was no statistically significant difference. The OR of joint pain in the upper median of dietary acidity was less than in the lower median in fully adjusted model (PRAL: OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.46-1.29), but the difference was not statistically significant. After adjusting potential confounders, people in the upper median of dietary acidity had a higher OR of developing RA than those in the lower median (PRAL: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.70-2.76); however, it was not statistically significant. There was not any statistically significant relationship among dietary acidity and the odds of joint pain, joint stiffness, and developing RA.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2014

Objective : For activation of study on filed of odontology in Korean medicine academia, we analyzed the trend of articles that published in journals of Korean medicine. Methods : Using search words of odontology, in internet reference sites we collected papers and classified those into three categories like as review article, original article, case report. Observation points of each item are as follows. Inclusive item of papers; publication year, journal, number of authors, disease. Item of review article; subject of paper, Item of original article; number of patients, period of research, remedy. Item of case report; remedy, valuation of criteria, number of cases. Results : The total number of articles searched was 88, consisting of 23 review articles, 46 original articles and 19 case reports. The percentage of 'TMJ diseases' ranked highest(47.7%) in classification by disease. The most reviewed subject was 'Remedy' (16 times). '25 or less' person ranked highest(50%) in the number of patient in original articles. Acupuncture, chuna manual medicine and herbal medicine were mostly applied in case reports. The number of 'one case' reported case reports was highest(52.6%).