• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.400-401
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• 2016

The object of this study was to evaluate the possibility and incidence of innate pacer in Jeju raceresource. This peculiar gait occurs naturally in some foreign breeds. To author's knowledge, this is the first report of innate pacers on the Korean native horse. In order to determine the incidence of pacer in Jeju Ponies and Jeju Pony crossbreds, gait analysis and pedigree check were performed at the Let's Run Park Jeju (total 547 ponies and pony crossbred racers) in 2013. Results of this study showed that 16 (8.1%) of the 198 examined Jeju Ponies. However, 349 Jeju Pony crossbreds had no innate pacers. Of the 16 Jeju Pony pacers, 11 males (68.8%) and 5 females (31.2%) are included in the present study. In conclusion, only the Jeju Pony was innate pacers like other foreign breeds. The authors suspect that the causes of the difference of the breeds were origin of the pony and genetic differences.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.39-43
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• 2024

Little research has been done on investigating the specific characteristics of Jeju Ponies (Korean native horse) and Jeju Pony crossbreds. The authors performed evaluation of skin thickness of the skin of these breeds (n=205) at Jeju Race Park as a way of find of hippological difference. Results of this study showed that the Jeju Pony's skin were thicker than the Jeju Pony crossbred. The male's skin were thicker than the female's skin in two breeds respectively. Especially, in the Jeju Pony show significant differences (P < 0.05). In Jeju Pony crossbreds, as the skin thickness were thinner with age increase. 2-year-old group's skin significantly thinner than 3 and over 4-year-old groups. However, the Jeju Pony's skin were not significantly different by age. In conclusion, the authors thought that causes of the difference of the breeds were origin and genetic differences among the horse and the pony. Furthermore, the modified umbilical herniorrhaphy with rubber rings must be used cautiously in the Jeju Pony. It should be taken into account the animals' skin thickness when the leather goods created by using their skin.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate hippological differences between Jeju ponies and Jeju Pony crossbreds population. This is the first repot of the differences use an anhidrosis in Korean native horses. The precise prevalence of anhidrosis is unknown; however, it has been estimated that 6-20% of horses may be affected. However, there is no report about the incidence of the disease in pony breeds. We performed diagnosis by clinical signs (sweating) to investigate the incidence of anhidrosis in Jeju Ponies(n=340) and Jeju Pony crossbreds (n=536) at Jeju Race Park from July to September in 2012 as a way of find of hippological difference. Results of this study showed that 74 (21.8%) of the 340 examined Jeju Ponies and 61 (11.4%) of the 536 examined Jeju Pony crossbreds had anhidrosis. So, the former had almost two times higher than the later. Among 74 Jeju Ponies those had the disease, 50 were male (23.1%) and 24 were female (19.4%). Among 61 Jeju Pony crossbreds those had the disease, 22 were male (9.5%) and 39 were female (12.8). In Jeju Ponies, anhidrosis were most common in above the age of 5, followed by 4, 2, 3-years-old. For Jeju Pony crossbreds, the disease were most common in 2-years-old, followed by above the age of 5, 4, 3-years-old. In two breeds, 3-year-old animals were most rare respectively. There was no predilection of age and sex which is correlated with another study. In conclusion, the incidence of anhidrosis in the ponies were considerably similar foreign countries. However, the authors thought that causes of the difference of the breeds were origin and genetic differences.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-287
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• 2015

Wolf teeth have been reported with incidence rate of 13% to 31.9% in horses of both sexes. However, there is no report about the incidence of wolf teeth in pony breeds. In order to determine the incidence of wolf teeth in Jeju Ponies and Jeju Pony crossbreds, oral examination and palpation of the interdental space of ponies at the Jeju Race Park were performed from 2006 to 2010. Results of this study showed that a total of 90 (3.4%) of the 2,675 examined Jeju Ponies and Jeju Pony crossbreds had wolf teeth. Among 30 Jeju Ponies that had wolf teeth, 22 were male (73.3%) and 8 were female (26.7%). Among 60 Jeju Pony crossbreds that had wolf teeth, 25 were male (41.7%) and 35 were female (58.3%). In Jeju Ponies, wolf teeth were most common in 3-years-old, followed by ${\geq}4$-years-old, then 2-years-old. For Jeju Pony crossbreds, wolf teeth were most common in 3-years-old, followed by 2-yearsold, then ${\geq}4$-years-old. In conclusion, the incidence of wolf teeth in Jeju Ponies and Jeju Pony crossbreds was considerably lower than what has been reported for horses in other countries.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2011

This study was conducted to provide basic information for the improvement of racing performance of Jeju pony & Halla horse, using the 85,732 racing records collected from Jeju & Kwacheon racecourses from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2009. During the last 5 years, a total of 2,892 heads of horses were racing at the Jeju racecourse and 11.7% (338 heads) of them were Jeju ponies. The average body weight of Jeju pony and Halla horse were 267 kg & 287 kg, respectively, which were 58% and 62% of that of Thoroughbred (460 kg). The repeatabilities of Jeju pony, Halla horse and Thoroughbred for finishing time were estimated in the range of 0.26-0.66 (average, 0.54), 0.34-0.68 (average, 0.56) and 0.37-0.60 (average, 0.50), respectively, and as the racing distance increased, the repeatabilities decreased. In the racing distance of 1,000 m, the differences in the finishing times between Thoroughbred & Jeju pony, Thoroughbred & Halla horse, and Jeju pony & Halla horse were 24.33 seconds, 10.81 seconds and 13.52 seconds, respectively. The racing performance of Halla horse was improved by 55.6% than that of Jeju pony at the 1,000 m race.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.299-304
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• 2021

A 3-year-old female Connemara pony was referred to Jeju National University Equine Hospital because of weight loss and prolonged anorexia. On admission, heart and respiratory rates were slightly elevated while body temperature was within the normal range. The color of the conjunctival and oral mucosa was yellowish pink. The blood chemistry results showed that total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were remarkably elevated while blood urea nitrogen was within the reference range. Transcutaneous abdominal ultrasound revealed an enlarged right lobe of the liver with prominently increased parenchymal echogenicity, reduced hepatic vessels, and rounded caudal border. The pony was tentatively diagnosed with chronic hepatitis and icterus; rest and supportive treatments were provided. Clinical signs aggravated on day 2 with hind quarter paresis and cranial nerve signs such as circling, drooping, jerking, and head pressing against walls. Recumbency and generalized ataxia (grade 5/5) were shown on day 3. Plasma ammonia concentration on day 3 was as high as 656 µmol/L. Necropsy and histopathologic examinations strongly supported a diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. This case of hepatic encephalopathy exhibited rapid progress from low to terminal grade within 4 days in a Connemara pony. The results provide well-established clinical and pathological data for future application.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.357-359
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• 2014

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a worldwide infectious disease of horses and other equids. The large serological survey of EIA was performed in Jeju from 2005 through 2011. Using the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), a total of 10,040 animals (1,329 Jeju Ponies, 8,324 Jeju Pony-Crossbreds and 387 Thoroughbred horses) was tested at the Equine Hospital of Jeju Race Park or Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority. This survey found no serological evidence of EIA presence in Jeju. There had been no horse and pony with antibody against EIA since 1985 and no official report on outbreak the disease. Therefore, surveillance conducted found no evidence of EIA activity in Jeju.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

In order to determine whether foals of move dominant mothers were harassed less by mares than those of lower-ranked mothers, harassment of foals was studied in a herd of Jeju ponies (Equus caballus) consisting of 73 mares, their 53 foals, and one stallion. Mares Harassed the foals on 71 occasions between March to September,1998. The frequency of harassment tended to decrease as foals aged, but the relationship was not significant (P = 0.079). Foals were harassed when sleeping (n = 14), grazing (n = 19), moving (n = 8), approaching a mare in the vicinity (n = 13), or play-fighting with the foal of the harassing mare (n = 17). Mares harassed foals of younger, more subordinate mares than those of older, more dominant mares (P < 0.001). We conclude that early social experience of foals is associated with the dominance rank of its mother.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2013

Equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is a spontaneous neurologic disorder of horses, which results from the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. An 8-year-old Jeju pony gelding presented with weight loss, muscle tremors, frequent recumbence, low head carriage, sweating, and standing with four limbs close together. The gelding has been on the same stable and limited access to pasture for several years. The gelding has been fed with dried hays and commercial concentrated feeds. Laboratory test revealed very low serum vitamin E level (0.14 ${\mu}g/mL$; reference range > 1.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), mildly elevated creatine kinase (402 IU/L; reference range 119-287 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (876 IU/L; reference range 226-336 IU/L). Oral glucose absorption test showed decreased glucose absorption. Histopathologic examination using a biopsy specimen from sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle revealed atrophic and hypertrophic muscle fiber, centralization of nucleus, degenerating and necrotic muscle fibers. Taken together, the gelding was diagnosed as EMND. After oral vitamin E administrated for 5 weeks, the gelding showed normally improved stance, decreased periods of recumbency, improved head carriage and weight gain except consistent tremors. This is the first report that successfully treated EMND case occurred in a Jeju pony in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.483-488
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• 2015

Objective : The purposes of this study was to analyze the locomotive movement of forelimbs according to changes in velocities in the quadruped cadence of horses. Methods : Horses selected as subjects consisted of Jeju pony horses (heights of withers: $1.23{\pm}0.51$). Two camcorders (HDR-HC7/HDV 1080i, Sony Corp, Japan) were used to capture the movement of the horses' forelimbs at a rate of 60 frames/sec. Additionally, raw data was collected from Kwon3D XP motion analysis package ver 4.0 program (Visol, Korea) with DARTFISH (DFKREA., Korea) video software solution. The variables analyzed consisted of 1 step lengths, 1 stride lengths, stance time, swing time, 1 stride time, velocity while walking, and trot of the horses. A two-way ANOVA and paired t-test of the variables by velocity and phase were treated at .05 level of significant difference, statistically. Results : The time elapsed of walk(stance: 0.63 sec[63.86%], swing: 0.35 sec[36.14%], 1 stride time: 0.99 sec respectively) showed significant difference with more delay than that of trot(stance: 0.29 sec[45.73%], swing: 0.34 sec[54.27% ], 1 stride time: 0.63 sec respectively), and also showed significant difference at trot in interaction (stance time>tort swing>walk swing>walk stance). The 1 step lengths and stride lengths in trot showed significant difference with longer than that of walk. Velocity of Trot showed significant difference statistically with higher than that of walk Conclusion : The horses' velocity during 1 step lengths and 1 stride lengths showed a proportional relationship, but the correlation between the horses' velocity and stance time showed a negative relationship during the quadruped cadence.