• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.601-606
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• 2005

The disease causing colic is the greatest cause of death in the domestic horse population today and accidental deaths as a result of colic leads to decreased productivity and economic losses in the horse breeding industry. Large colon impaction is the most common cause of colic in horses. Horses may ingest sand either by eating from the ground in sandy locations, or because of its inclusion in hay. In certain areas sand impaction is relatively common. The horse (4 year, female) presented with abdominal pain, which was charactered by willing to lie down, pawing, and looking at flank. A month later, the horse died suddenly at sand paddock. Post-mortem examination revealed the sand impaction as a lot of feces, sand and gravels in the right dorsal colon. In addition, there was necrosis and debilitation in mucosal lining of the large colon and rupture site on the right dorsal colon. The purpose of this article is to review sand impaction and emergencies in Thoroughbred horses.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2017

Hippocampus abdominalis, the big belly sea horse, is widely known for its medicinal value in Chinese folk medicine. In this study, extract obtained by proteolytic degradation of this species was investigated for its effects on skeletal muscle development, both in vitro and in vivo. Muscle cell lines ($C_2C_{12}$ and $L_6$) treated with the bioactive peptide did not have any detrimental effects on the cell viability, which was above 80%. Optical microscopy analysis on the morphology of the sea horse extract (SHE)-treated cells showed enhanced differentiating ability with myotube formation. Moreover, cells incubated with the hydrolysate displayed decreased proliferation rate, as recorded by the electric cell substrate impedance sensing system, thereby supporting enhanced differentiation. For a period of 12 weeks, mice models were fed with SHE and simultaneously subjected to treadmill exercise, which increased the expression of Myogenin, a key myogenic regulatory factor. In addition, there was an increase in the expression of AMPK- and Cytochrome C, both of which are important in mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, the SHE from Hippocampus abdominalis can be a promising candidate as protein supplement aiding muscle development.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.400-404
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• 2022

A 3-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented with left laryngeal hemiplegia with a history of laryngoplasty (tie-back surgery) failure. Postoperative endoscopy revealed no abduction or no inflammatory changes in the left arytenoid cartilage. The owner opted for the horse to undergo partial arytenoidectomy due to failed laryngoplasty. A tracheostomy tube was intubated through a mid-cervical tracheotomy to secure the airway under general anesthesia, and; laryngotomy was performed to access the arytenoid cartilage in dorsal recumbency. A partial arytenoidectomy was performed with endoscopic assistance through the left nostril, and the left arytenoid cartilage was removed, excluding the muscular process. Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents were administered postoperatively, and the incision site was cleaned using normal saline and antibiotic ointment twice daily. On the 12th postoperative day, endoscopy revealed redundant corniculate process mucosa at the surgical site, which was removed using rongeur forceps directly through the previous laryngotomy incision. The horse showed no significant complications during the hospitalization. Two months after surgery, the surgical site reportedly recovered with no evidence of granulation tissue. The horse returned to training and racing 3 and 7 months postoperatively, respectively. This is the first case report of a partial arytenoidectomy in a horse in South Korea. In this case, the horse returned to training after partial arytenoidectomy without significant complications, indicating that partial arytenoidectomy could be beneficial for failed laryngoplasty.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.351-354
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• 2009

Diaphragmatic hernias, whether congenital or acquired (traumatic), are rarely observed in the horse. Acquired diaphragmatic hernias typically occur secondary to trauma or an increase in intraabdominal pressure due to falling, heavy exercise, or parturition. Diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy is difficult to perform in adult horses and the horses with symptomatic diaphragmatic hernias usually die. A 10- year old, 340 kg, Jeju horse (crossbred) broodmare with sudden onset of gait disorder and a moderate emaciation was examined. Findings on physical examination included conjunctivitis, dehydration, shallow breathing, dyspnea, weaken heart beat, lack of auscultatable sounds from the gastrointestinal tract, and anorexia. Rectal temperature was $38.4^{\circ}C$ and respiratory rates were moderately increased. There were slight signs of acute colic. The broodmare died one day after non-specific treatment of fluids, nutriment, antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The cause of death was strangulation of the small intestine through a diaphragmatic hernia. The rent was about 2 cm in diameter and located in the central right part of diaphragm. Around 60 cm of small intestine was protruded into thoracic cavity through the rent. The cause of the hernia could not be ascertained. The broodmare had been pastured with many other horses, and the groom had not noticed any aggressive behavior among them. It was, however, speculated that trauma by stallion's attack may have been the cause of the diaphragmatic hernia, because the new horse may be the object of behaviors ranging from mild threats to seriously aggressive kicking, squealing, rearing, and biting.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2010

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease associated with an imbalance of bone remodeling. Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and increased bone fractures. In this study, we investigated the effects of horse bone extracts (HBEs) in vivo. Horse bone was extracted with 80% alcohol (HBE-A) at $100^{\circ}C$ or water (HBE-W) at $120^{\circ}C$. Animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was used, in which osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy of female S.D. rats (female rats were divided into 5 groups), and HBEs were administered to ovariectomized rats every day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the following osteoporotic factors were measured: body weight, bone mineral density (BMD), uterine/body weight ratio, serum estradiol (E2), and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The results showed that the administration of HBE-W decreased the changes of body weight in ovariectomized rats. HBE-W increased the uterine/body weight ratio and BMD. In addition, HBEs decreased the ALP. Therefore, HBEs may be used for the prevention or treatment of bone disease.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2018

A 7-year-old, 453 kg, thoroughbred-cross mare showed depression, severe nasal bleeding, diffuse swelling, and distortion of the facial contour. Physical and radiographic examinations revealed an open nasal bone fracture. Surgery was conducted under sedation with the horse in a standing position. Two holes were drilled directly above and below the fracture line. The nasal bone was raised to the normal position by inserting a periosteal elevator through the holes. Orthopedic wire was used to secure the fractured nasal bones through the holes. The horse recovered from sedation without complication. Sutures were removed three weeks after surgery. The nasal bone fracture appeared well-recovered morphologically and the recovery was confirmed by radiography. A wire fixation method is recommended to treat nasal bone fracture in a horse.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.639-643
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• 2021

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian pathogen. Recently, the equestrian population is increasing in Korea. The horse-related zoonotic pathogens, including E. bieneusi, are concerns of public health. A total of 1,200 horse fecal samples were collected from riding centers and breeding farms in Jeju Island and inland areas. Of the fecal samples 15 (1.3%) were PCR positive for E. bieneusi. Interestingly, all positive samples came from Jeju Island. Diarrhea and infection in foals were related. Two genotypes (horse1, horse2) were identified as possible zoonotic groups requiring continuous monitoring.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2018

Osteochondroma (OC) is a cartilage-capped exostosis. In horses, OC commonly develops on the caudal distal metaphysis of the radius (CDMR). The purpose of study was to describe the outcomes of arthroscopy for the treatment of OC on CDMR. Diagnosis was based on clinical signs (lameness and distention of carpal sheath), radiography (location and size of OC), and ultrasonography (location of OC, torn deep digital flexor tendon, fibrin, and effusion of carpal sheath). Arthroscopy was performed on 68 Thoroughbred horses with OC on CDMR. Sixty of the 68 cases showed deep digital flexor tendinitis as a result of sharp protuberances of the OC. All horses survived, and 62 of the 68 cases returned to athletic function (racing) after arthroscopy. The present study demonstrated that arthroscopy is useful for treating OC of CDMR in horses.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2018

말을 활용한 경주는 고대 유럽의 여러 국가들에서 마차 경주 혹은 산악 경주 등의 형태로 이루어졌으며, 고대 그리스 올림픽에서 마차 경주가 정식 종목으로 채택되었다. 서러브레드종은 17세기부터 속도, 체력, 그리고 경주 능력을 위해 선택적으로 교배되었다. 그 결과, 18세기부터 귀족들이 향유하는 스포츠로서 서러브레드종을 활용한 경주가 시행되었다. 이후 여러 국가에서 각기 다양한 형태로 발달하여 현재 크게 평지 경주, 장애물 경주, 마차 경주 등으로 발달하였다. 서러브레드 경주마는 300여 년 동안 강력한 선발 육종 전략에 의하여 선택되어 왔기에, 현재 우수한 경주 능력을 갖추고 있다. 말산업은 번식, 조련, 경마 등을 통하여 막대한 경제적 효과를 유발하기에, 말의 경주 능력을 유지하고 극대화하는 것이 필요하다. 최근에 많은 양의 게놈 데이터를 처리하기 위해 차세대 시퀀싱(Next Generation Sequencing; NGS)이 개발되었으며, 이 분석 기술의 현저한 발전을 토대로 우수한 형질을 가진 동물 육종 전략을 쉽게 수행 할 수 있게 되었다. 따라서 뛰어난 경주 능력을 가진 경주마를 선발 육종하기 위해서는 최신 유전체 분석 기술을 활용하는 전략이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 경주마의 경주 능력을 향상시키기 의한 유전체 분석의 현재의 노력을 알아보고, 마지막으로 경주마와 제주마에서 유전체 분석을 활용하는 전략을 제안할 것이며, 대한민국의 생명자원인 제주마의 선발 육종 전략을 제안할 것이다. 말 산업은 기술, 사회 및 경제 분야에서 인간에게 강력한 파급 효과를 주는 동물 중 하나이다. 우리는 국내 고부가가치 말의 원천적인 유전 정보를 확보하고 선발 육종 할 수 있는 체계적인 기술을 확립하여 생산, 연구 업무 등에 대한 일자리 확보에 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Coastal village and Inland village was village in jeju. This study was cultural elements of stone to village in jeju. Memorial Stone and Stone Monument Street, Shrine, An altar of sarificial site for village tutelary spirits, Bangsatap(pagoda), 25 Bongsu(25 beacon fire stations) and 38 Yeondae(38 signaling sites), Hwanhaejangseong Fortress, Grave wall and Horse pasture walls were included in elements of history and culture to village in jeju. An altar of sarificial rite for village tutelary spirits was generally on the a hill near a village, built of Stone wall. Bangsatap(pagoda) was the kind and the size of stone to a location, that expresses the form and the scale. the form of grave wall was the oval or the rectangle, the latter was frequent. Thatched houses in jeju and facilities in a house, Stone wall, Tongsi(pigsty), Paeng namu and A heights of stone, Spring water and Water collected in a depression, Stone Weir, Horse mill and Dodaebul(Old Lighthouse) were included in elements of life and culture to village in jeju. Stone wall has the multiplicity of the size and the building method in the use, the function and the region. The form of Stone weir was the rectangular figure or the curvilinear figure, the section of that was the right triangle or the rectangular form.