• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

Since aging has become one of most hot and serious issues in the whole global world, universal design as a strategic concept to enable the elderly age in place has received much attention and its importance is getting recognized. Japan has undergone the Aging phenomenon much earlier than Korea and other countries. During that time, through much trials and errors, it accumulated the wisdoms and techniques to precede aging friendly environment and products. Therefore current Japan house is a comprehensive setting which embraces lots of universal design features that has a valuable implication for Korean development that faces fast aging future. The purpose of this study was to delineate characteristics of universal design features appeared in Japanese Model houses. One site of housing park in the city where various model houses of representative housing construction companies was selected as a cluster area for data collecting. Data were collected mainly through field survey at the housing park of Tokyo during November, 2006, and additional data were collected through website and company information of relevant company. Universal design features were extracted for 17 houses of the housing park and sorted and analyzed according to the analysis frame. The frame were made using 2 major clusters; space area, and 8 universal design principle. Results showed a range of universal design feature and its detail universal design principle satisfied. The 8 principle currently developed became to house realistic practical examples and theory became proved its impractical power. The academic, educational and industrial implication were documented.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.114-121
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• 2014

Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi accomplished the base of Japanese Dado as well as has set Japanese representative traditional culture. These are the products of the spiritual culture completed by the ideas of Sen Rikyu and Kobori Enshu, that are Wabi spirit and Kirei sabi spirit combined with the tea. This study is about the interpretation of Japanese traditional space designs related to Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi as Japanese Traditional spiritual archetype. The process of this study is illustrated as follows: At first, it mentions the concept of Konomi as self-organizing system, and esthetic characteristics of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi. Secondly, it clarifies internal meanings and spacial characters of Konomi in the Japanese traditional space through the exploring Taian tea house as the example of Rikyu-Konomi, and Bosen tearoom and Katsurarikyu as the examples of Enshu-Konomi. Thirdly, it ascertains Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi represented in the contemporary architectural spaces. It analyses the relation between modern traditional space designs and traditional archetypal vocabularies, and examines those spaces from an esthetic point of view for modern implication of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi. In conclusion, it clarifies the contemporary significance of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi in terms of japan traditional space design.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

This study focused on the Hwaho farm among Japanese farms that were at the center of rural exploitation during the Japanese colonial period. The contents of the study examined who Kumamoto, the owner of the farm, was, how he entered Chosun and Hwaho-ri, and how much land he owned. And what kind of buildings were in the Hwaho farm during the Japanese colonial period, how they were arranged, and how the space was organized according to the arrangement of buildings. Hwaho farm, the subject of the study, was the farm that managed the most land among Kumamoto's farms. Currently, farmer's housing, Japanese employee housing, warehouses, and medical examination centers remain. In addition to Kumamoto, other Japanese and related buildings remain throughout the town. However, in recent years, a number of houses of enemy property such as Daue House, Sowha Ryokan, and shops are being destroyed without any records or investigations, so this study aims to record academic records of houses of enemy property remaining in Hwaho-ri Village.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.143-167
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• 2005

Many Japanese today are suffering from health disorders related to their living environment, such as allergies and hypersensitivity to chemical substances. The Sick House/Building Syndrome has been a serious problem since 1996, due to low level exposure to hazardous chemicals such as formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in airtight houses. This paper aims to show current status of the syndrome in Japan and practical researches to promote prevention of, and improvement to indoor air pollution due to chemicals.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2016

The old house at No'eun-ri, located in Hongseong-gun Hongbuk-myeon of the Chungcheong Nam-do province, really seems like the old house of late Seong Sam-mun who died in 1456. The original structure of the house seems to have been symmetrical, in terms of its left and right sides, and the females' chamber(Anchae) as well as the guest quarters(Haeng'rang-chae) would have featured a Matbae(맞배) fashion. The flank chamber and corridor would have displayed a multi-storied shape, and people would have been able to traverse the inside of the house all the way to the second story of the residence. We can see such shapes and dispositions from other 'ㅁ'-shaped houses - found in Chungnam and Gyeongbuk regions - which are now considered as distinct characteristics of certain residences constructed before the war with the Japanese in the 1590s, confirmed from extant vestiges and historical records of that time period. It can be concluded that the old house at No'eun-ri does harbor the traits and elements that resembled the upper class residences of the Joseon dynasty's early half period.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of formation of modern gardens. Based on the analysis of the process of formation and transformation of the Jemulpo in Incheon and the details of the modern garden construction. The results are as follows; First, the formation of the Incheon Residence Site began in 1876 with the signing of the Joseon-Japan Treaty. Jemulpo used to be a desolate fishing village in the past, but after its opening in 1881, the Japanese settlement, Chinese settlement, and the general foreign settlement were formed. After that, Japan reclaimed the southern mudflats and expanded the theire settlement area, and advanced to the Joseon area(currently Sinheung-dong). In Japanese colonial era, modern Japanese urban landscapes were transplanted into the settlement area, centering on the Japanese modern gardens were distributed in the area around the center of the settlement area. Second, after examining the process of creating the garden for the Rikidake villa, Japanese Rikidake purchased a site for an orchard in Uri-tang, who was a major landowner in Incheon, to create the garden. At the time of Rikidake's residence, the garden was very large, measuring about 3,000 pyeong, and after liberation, it was acquired by Incheon City and used as Yulmok Children's Library. It was known as a rich village at the time of the opening of the port, and a garden was located at the highest point in Yulmok-dong, making it easy to see the Incheon Port area. Also, a spot located about 300 meters away from Rikidake's rice mill may have affected the location selection. Third, today's Rikidake villa has a Japanese-style house on a trapezoidal site, with a garden of about 990 square meters on the south side. Currently, it is possible to enter from the south and from Yulmok Children's Park in the north, but in the past, the main direction of the house was to view the Incheon Port, settlement area, and the Rikidake Rice Mill, so the house was located in front of the garden. The garden is a multi-faceted style with stone lanterns, tombstones, garden stones, and trees placed on each side, and is surrounded by arboreal plants such as attention, strobe pine, and maple trees, as well as royal azaleas. The view from the inside of the house was secured through shrub-oriented vegetation around the house.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.177-208
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• 2011

This article examines that how in-house subcontract has been introduced and developed in metal industry in 1970s, focusing typical workplaces in steel industry. That was essential for the capital to insure control mechanism for large number of laborer because of mobilizing a large scale of capital in industrialization of heavy metal industry. In case of Pohang steel industry, this necessity was fulfilled by introduction and imitation of Japanese personnel management by being included of Japanese economic hinterland. This was embodied in both constructing internal labor market for regular workers and introducing in-house subcontracting system for contingent workers at workplaces. This was exceptional comparing in-house subcontracting system in Korean steel industry with in-house subcontracting system in advanced economies, because of disappearing in-house subcontracting system by making internal labor market. And this was closely linked by late development of Korea. Implications of Pohang steel company's case are as follows : first, late development effect in formation of employment system, second, in linking informality of Korean employment system. This implications mean that in-house subcontracting in steel industry is structured as mechanism for personnel management in large factory being influenced by industrialization of heavy industry. In this point, improvements which include wide economic solution beyond labor solution for present problem of in-house subcontracting system is desirable.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.89-115
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• 1994

Japanese firms have developed their own distinctive human resource management(HRM) practices for R&D scientists and engineers. These practices consist of homogeneity of work group, standardized in-house training programs, great standardization and company control of careers, and broad job rotation following the process of commercialization of developed technology. These practices facilitate human and informational exchange and sharing between basic laboratories and development departments as well as between R&D and marketing department which contribute to the ket competitive advantage of Japanese products. But recently Japanese firm are forced to change their HRM practices. They face some srious problems in continuing their long0standing strategy of being a rapid and skillful‘ technology follower’,drawing on the basic research performed in the advanced nations and embodying it in products that are produced with high quality at relatively lower cost. There is a growing trend of strengthening basic research among Japanese firms today. In accordance with the emphasis on basic research, Japanese firms have been adopting new HRM practices for scientists and engineers which are in the opposite direction of the traditional one. These newly developed practices stress on individual vitality rather than group cohesiveness from the fusion of individual difference. These include heterogeneity of work group, multiple career paths to be chosen by individuals, incentive plan based individual performance.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1701-1715
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• 2016

This study is a basic investigation of the contents and services relevant to the domestic vacation house business. In which, the trade scale, types of housing, and environmental conditions of various property locations were analyzed. The characteristics of properties listed on the Japanese website that conducts the greatest volume of vacation house trade in Japan were examined, and the following results were obtained: Villa areas, villas, and resort condos (resort mansions) are the three basic types of properties handled in the vacation house trade. In this market, sales per unit in villa areas and per spaces in resort condos accounted for the highest volume of trade, followed by that of villas (individual houses). In terms of land area, floor area, and sales price per house type, the relatively cheaper small and medium-sized vacation houses are more frequently traded, than expensive large-scale villas. In particular, small multi-family type villas (such as in resort condos) are the most popular. Land and floor area, and sales prices all show considerable variation depending on the type of property considered. Therefore, a business initiative to provide a more detailed classification of properties is required. In terms of the environment of vacation properties, most are located on coasts, plateaus, or inland mountains, and are generally within three-hours' traveling distance of large cities.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.7-25
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• 2008

This study aims to clarify the architectural characteristics of three houses of Choseon Exhibition. Exposition/exhibitions were thought to be a model for the world. It shows the real status of the development, and thinking with visions at that times; therefore, exhibited house models would be a good source for what to be considered for the ideal houses of that times. Through the study, we could find out as belows. 1. The houses exhibited conserved the sitting-on-floor living style, otherwise the most proposals for house improvement suggested a chair-and-table style because of its hygienic quality and integration of the life at home and at work(school, too). 2. The spacial scheme for-family prior over for-guest was emphasized, but models at the exhibition were structured with Japanese traditional spacial program, such as Jashiki(座敷), Kyakunoma(客の間) or Tsuginoma(次の間), which were all Tatami-floored. 3. Through this exhibition, it is clarified that the architectural society in colonial Korea also tried to improve the modern housings, not only direct reception of the developed proposals. These houses was planned with the acceptance of the locality, such like Ondol, a floor heating facility which the Japanese engineer improve the efficiency. 4. Also these exhibited houses became a start to recognize a house as a product, and spurred on commercialization. As the result, we could find out that these exhibited houses accepted the modern housing proposals selectively, and that even if the exhibitions shows the advance in usual these houses were planned with the very conservative notions.