• Title/Summary/Keyword: J-R

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Distribution of /ju/ After Coronal Sonorant Consonants in British English (영국영어에서 치경공명자음 뒤의 /ju/ 분포)

  • Hwangbo, Young-shik
    • Journal of English Language & Literature
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    • v.56 no.5
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    • pp.851-870
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distribution of /ju/ in British English, especially after the coronal sonorants /n, l, /r/. The sequence /ju/ is related with vowels such as /u/, /ʊ/, and /ʊ/, and has occasioned a variety of conflicting analyses or suggestions. One of those is in which context /j/ is deleted if we suppose that the underlying form is /ju/. The context differs according to the dialect we deal with. In British English, it is known that /j/ is deleted always after /r/, and usually after /l/ when it occurs in an unstressed word-medial syllable. To check this well-known fact I searched OED Online (the 2nd Edition, 1989) for those words which contain /n, l, r/ + /ju, jʊ, u, ʊ, (j)u, (j)ʊ/ in their pronunciations, using the search engine provided by OED Online. After removing some unnecessary words, I classified the collected words into several groups according to the preceding sonorant consonants, the positions, and the presence (or absence) of the stress, of the syllable where /ju/ occurs. The results are as follows: 1) the deletion of /j/ depends on the sonorant consonant which /ju/ follows, the position where it occurs, and the presence of the stress which /ju/ bears; 2) though the influence of the sonorant consonants is strong, the position and stress also have non-trivial effect on the deletion of /j/, that is, the word-initial syllable and the stressed syllable prefer the deletion of /j/, and word-medial and unstressed syllable usually retain /j/; 3) the stress and position factors play their own roles even in the context where the effect of /n, l, r/ is dominant.

Evolution and Emergence of Invasive Serotype M1T1 Group a Streptotococci

  • Walker, M.J.;Hollands, A.;Maamary, P.G.;Cole, J.N.;Aziz, R.K.;Johnson, D.R.; Pence, M.A.;Timmer, A.M.;Osvath, S.R.;Turnbull, L.;Cork, A.J.;Sanderson-Smith, M.L.;Kirk, J.K.;McArthur, J.D.;Taylor, W.L.;Whitchurch, C.B.;Kaplan, El;Kotb, M.;Nizet, V.
    • Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.146-146
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    • 2009
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A Study on Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior and R-Curve Characteristics of Gas Piping Material (가스배관재의 피로균열진전거동과 파괴저항특성곡선에 관한 연구)

  • Son, J.D.;Lim, M.B.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.127-133
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    • 2007
  • SG-365 steel is an important material and used for manufacturing a pressure vessel which the gas piping. In this investigation, the elastic plastic fracture toughness of this material is evaluated by the unloading compliance method according to the ASTM E813-97 and E1152-97 method on the smooth and side groove 1CT specimens. The effect of smooth and side groove is studied on the elastic plastic fracture toughness. The side grooved specimen is very useful in estimation of the $J_{IC}$. It is much easier than the smooth specimen to the onset of the ductile tearing by the R curve method. Besides, it improves the accuracy of toughness values, decreases a phenomenon of the tunneling and shear lip by the side groove.

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Effects of Reagent Rotation on Stereodynamics Information of the Reaction O(1D)+H2 (v = 0, j = 0-5) → OH+H: A Theoretical Study

  • Kuang, Da;Chen, Tianyun;Zhang, Weiping;Zhao, Ningjiu;Wang, Dongjun
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.10
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    • pp.2841-2848
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    • 2010
  • Quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) method has been used to investigate stereodynamics information of the reaction $O(^1D)+H_2{\rightarrow}\;OH$+H on the DK (Dobbyn and Knowles) potential energy surface (PES) at a collision energy of 23.06 kcal/mol, with the initial quantum state of reactant $H_2$ being set for v = 0 (vibration quantum number) and j = 0-5 (rotation quantum number). The PDDCSs (polarization dependent differential cross sections) and the distributions of P($\theta_r$), P($\phi_r$), P($\theta_r$, $\phi_r$) have been presented in this work. The results demonstrate that the products are both forward and backward scattered. As j increases, the backward scattering becomes weaker while the forward scattering becomes slightly stronger. The distribution of P($\theta_r$) indicates that the product rotational angular momentum j' tends to align along the direction perpendicular to the reagent relative velocity vector k, but this kind of product alignment is found to be rather insensitive to j. Furthermore, the distribution of P($\phi_r$) indicates that the rotational angular momentum vector of the OH product is preferentially oriented along the positive direction of y-axis, and such product orientation becomes stronger with increasing j.

Development of High Efficiency PDP Driven by RF Pulses

  • Choi, J.P.;Jeon, W.G.;Kang, J.;Lim, G.S.;Kim, O.D.;Kim, H.Y.;Song, J.W.;Yoo, E.H.;Park, M.H.
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.01a
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    • pp.169-170
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    • 2000
  • The conventional AC PDP has a relatively low efficiency which is close to 1.5 lm/W. If the AC sustain period is replaced by the RF sustain period, due to oscillating and low electric field, almost 60% of the supplied energy is spent by Xe excitation [1]. The efficiency of RF PDP can be $4{\sim}5$ times higher than that of AC PDP. In this paper, we will present the RF PDP that is a new type of PDP. A new display method in PDP using RF pulses is suggested and applied on a 4-inch-diagonal Panel (hereinafter 4" panel). Even though there were many researches in RF discharge, there was not enough research for display application. Now we propose the RF PDP that is a new display field and we will expect to do more research in this field.

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THE APPLICATIONS OF ADDITIVE MAP PRESERVING IDEMPOTENCE IN GENERALIZED INVERSE

  • Yao, Hongmei;Fan, Zhaobin;Tang, Jiapei
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.26 no.3_4
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    • pp.541-547
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    • 2008
  • Suppose R is an idempotence-diagonalizable ring. Let n and m be two arbitrary positive integers with $n\;{\geq}\;3$. We denote by $M_n(R)$ the ring of all $n{\times}n$ matrices over R. Let ($J_n(R)$) be the additive subgroup of $M_n(R)$ generated additively by all idempotent matrices. Let ($D=J_n(R)$) or $M_n(R)$. In this paper, by using an additive idem potence-preserving result obtained by Coo (see [4]), I characterize (i) the additive preservers of tripotence from D to $M_m(R)$ when 2 and 3 are units of R; (ii) the additive preservers of inverses (respectively, Drazin inverses, group inverses, {1}-inverses, {2}-inverses, {1, 2}-inverses) from $M_n(R)$ to $M_n(R)$ when 2 and 3 are units of R.

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A development of Local Unit for intelligent power transformer (Intelligent Power Transformer용 Local Unit 개발 사례)

  • Choi, I.S.;Kim, M.H.;Yang, H.J.;Lee, J.C.;Hong, J.K.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.11b
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    • pp.220-222
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    • 2007
  • 자연재해 및 전력 시스템의 복잡성, 외부 노출 등으로 인해 전력 설비는 언제나 고장에 노출되어 있다. 전력회사는 전력의 안정성과 신뢰도 확보를 위해 끊임없이 노력하고 있지만 전력설비의 자그마한 이상에도 그 파급효과는 상당히 클 수 있다. 이에 선진 국가와 기업에서는 전력설비의 예방진단에 대한 많은 관심과 기술 개발이 이루어지고 있으며, 제품화되어 출시되고 있는 실정이다. (주)효성에서는 변압기 진단을 위한 센서 및 IED가 포함된 지능형 변압기(Intelligent Power Transformer)용 Local Unit을 개발하였다.

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