• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.599-603
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• 2002

A selective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the insecticide isofenphos was developed. Three different analogues (haptens) of isofenphos were synthesized and were coupled to carrier proteins through the pesticide thiophosphate group t o use as immunogens or coating antigens. Rabbits were immunized with one of the haptens coupled to BSA for production of polyclonal antibodies and the sera were screened against each of the other two haptens coupled to ovalbumin (OVA). Using the sera of highest specificity, an antigen-coated ELISA was developed, which showed an I50 of 96 ng/mL with the detection limit of 2 ng/mL. The antibodies showed negligible cross-reactivity with other organophosphorus pesticides and the phenol metabolite of isofenphos, which makes the developed assay suitable for the selective detection of isofenphos. An antibody-coated ELISA was also developed, which showed an I50 of 580 ng/mL with a detection limit of 70 ng/mL.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

기존의 방류수 모니터링에서는 개별 오염물질들의 농도를 기준으로 독성을 평가하였다. 그러나 많은 연구자들에 의해서 오염물질들이 공존하는 상황에서 나타나는 독성은 그들 간의 상호작용을 통해서 혼합독성의 형태로 나타난다고 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 GC/MS 분석을 통해 방류수 중에 존재하는 주요 독성 기여 오염 물질들을 분석하고, Independent Action(IA), Concentration Addition(CA), Effect Summation(ES) 모델을 사용하여 방류수의 혼합독성을 상호 비교 평가하였다. GC/MS로 분석된 오염물질을 대상으로 D. magna 기준 독성 평가를 실시하였고, 10가지의 주요 독성 기여 오염물질을 선별하였다. Chloroneb, butylbenzylphthalate, pendimethaline, di-n-butylphthalate, di-iso-butylphthalate, diazinon, isofenphos, 2-chlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol 과 p-octylphenol을 주요 오염물질로 선정하여 혼합독성 평가를 실시하였다. 혼합독성 평가 결과는 IA 예측모델과 매우 높은 상관성($r^2\;=\;0.8475$)을 나타내었다. ES와 CA 모델은 IA 모델과 비교하여 혼합독성 결과와 매우 낮은 상관성을 나타내었으며, 특히 ES는 실측값을 5배나 과도하게 예측하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해서 전남지역 방류수에 존재하는 주요 오염물질들의 혼합독성은 IA 모델을 통해 예측이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1439-1446
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• 2009

Isocarbophos is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide that has caused environmental pollution in many areas. However, degradation of isocarbophos by pure cultures has not been extensively studied, and the degradation pathway has not been determined. In this paper, a highly effective isocarbophos-degrading strain, scl-2, was isolated from isocarbophos-polluted soil. The strain scl-2 was preliminarily identified as Arthrobacter sp. based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties, as well as 16S rDNA analysis. The strain scl-2 could utilize isocarbophos as its sole source of carbon and phosphorus for growth. One hundred mg/l isocarbophos could be degraded to a non detectable level in 18 h by scl-2 in cell culture, and isofenphos-methyl, profenofos, and phosmet could also be degraded. During the degradation of isocarbophos, the metabolites isopropyl salicylate, salicylate, and gentisate were detected and identified based on MS/MS analysis and their retention times in HPLC. Transformation of gentisate to pyruvate and fumarate via maleylpyruvate and fumarylpyruvate was detected by assaying for the activities of gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (GDO) and maleylpyruvate isomerase. Therefore, we have identified the degradation pathway of isocarbophos in Arthrobacter sp. scl-2 for the first time. This study highlights an important potential use of the strain scl-2 for the cleanup of environmental contamination by isocarbophos and presents a mechanism of isocarbophos metabolism.