• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 2002

공시균주인 EFCC C-251, EFCC C-252, EFCC C-1092 균주 중 현미(60 g)와 누에 번데기(30 g)를 혼합한 배지에서 EFCC C-252 균주가 자실체가 잘 형성되어 이 균주를 가지고 본 연구를 수행하였다. 자실체 형성 최적온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이었으며 광은 형광등으로 조명도는 300 lux이었다. 기본배지에 lactose, ammonium sulfate와 $KH_2PO_4$를 첨가한 배지에서 균사의 생육은 좋았으나 자실체 형성은 기본배지에 현미(20 g)를 첨가한 배지에서 좋았다. 현미만으로는 70 g를 넣은 배지와 누에 번데기만은 80 g를 넣은 배지에서 에서 자실체의 형성이 좋았다. 현미와 누에번데기를 같이 넣었을 때는 현미 60 g에 누에번데기 40 g에서 다른 비율배지에 비해 자실체 형성이 좋았다. 관수는 2일 간격으로 한 처리구가 좋았으며 액체종균의 접종량은 $5{\sim}25\;ml$까지는 자실체 생육이 비슷함을 보이다가 접종량이 증가할수록 자실체 생육이 저조하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.800-803
• /
• 2002

1개월 동안의 양안 이물감 및 소양감을 주소로 내원한 2세 된 남아의 양안 상, 하안검 첩모에서 세극등 검사상 사면발이의 성충과 충란을 관찰 후 확진 하였다. 치료로 충란과 성충의 직접제거 및 첩모제거술, 20% fluorescein dye 도포와 세척을 시행하였고 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경으로 충란과 성충을 관찰하였다. 1주 간격으로 1달간 추적관찰 하였고 세극등검사상 양안의 안검과 첩모에서 성충 또는 충란이 발견되지 않아 완치 판정을 내렸다. 본 증례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.203-212
• /
• 2001

During the growing season from June to August, 2000, the soil NO and $N_2$O fluxes were measured to elucidate characteristics of soil nitrogen emissions from different types of intensively managed agricultural soils at outskirts of Kunsan City, located in the western inland of Korea, Flux measurements were made using a closed chamber technique at two different agricultural fields; one was made from upland field, and the other from rice paddy field. The flux data from upland field were collected for both the green onion and soybean field. Concentrations of NO and $N_2$O inside a flux chamber ar 15 minute sampling interval were measured to determine their soil emissions. Either polyethylene syringes of teflon air bags were used for gas samples of $N_2$O and NO. The analysis of NO and $N_2$O was made using a chemiluminesence NO analyzer and GC-ECD, respectively no later than few hours after sample collection at laboratory. The gas fluxes were varied more than one standard deviation around their means. Relatively high soil gas emissions occurred in the aftermoon for both NO and $N_2$O. A sub-peak for $N_2$O emission was observed in the morning period, but not in the case of NO. NO emissions from rice paddy field were much less than those from upland site. It seems that water layer over the rice paddy field prevents gases from escaping from the soil surface covered with were during the irrigation and acts as a sink of these gases. The NO fluxes resulted from these field experiments were compared to those from grass soil and they were found to be much higher. Diurnal and daily variations of NO and $N_2$O emission were discussed and correlated with the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the increase of the level of soil nitrogen availability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.348-353
• /
• 1999

Ten Australian Stock Horses colts (five yearling and five 3-year old colts) of which 2 yearlings and 2 three year old colts served as control animals while 3 yearlings and 3 three year old colts received two GnRH immunizations within 4 weeks interval were used in this study. By the 5th to 6th week after immunization, the GnRH antibody titres in the plasma rose above 1:1000 and attained peak levels of 1:6500 by the 8th week and gradually declined to about 1:3000 by the 10th week in both the age groups. The testosterone and androstenedione concentrations of the control colts in both age groups were significantly greater (p<0.05) than that of the vaccinated groups. During the immunosuppression period, the vaccinated colts behaved like geldings. Semen could not be collected from 2 of the 3 three-year old vaccinated colts. The testicular dimensions, testicular weight, parenchymal weight, seminiferous tubule volumes, interstitial space volumes, Leydig cell volume, seminiferous tubule % of the control colts were significantly greater than those of the vaccinated colts in both the age groups. The 3-year old control colts had a significantly (p<0.05) greater % of Leydig cells than the control and vaccinated 1-year old colts. There was arrest of spermatogenesis with complete absence of sperm in the testes of the vaccinated colts while there was various stages of spermatogenesis in those of the control colts. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that the 3-year old colts had significantly (p<0.05) greater DSP/gm of testis and DSP/testis than those of the 1-year old control colts. This study elucidated that the GnRH immunization could suppress the testicular function of the 3-year old and yearling colts.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.199-208
• /
• 2018

Quercus floribunda (Tilonj oak) is among the five species of Quercus and an evergreen tree found in Kumaun Himalayan region. Timing of germination is a crucial event determining the success of seedling establishment and survival. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of sowing date on the germination and morphological responses of Tilonj oak (Quercus floribunda), cultivated during the month of August-September, with supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted by sowing seeds at two dates with one month interval in glass house conditions at DSB Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Present study revealed that higher germination percentage (46.67 %) was recorded at sowing time $S_2$ as compared to the sowing time $S_1$ (32.86 %). Germination percentage as well as seedling growth were affected by sowing date though the differences were insignificant. At both the sowing dates, highest germination percentage was recorded for large seeds (32.86-46.67 %) followed by medium (31.43-33.33 %) and lowest germination (6.67-7.14 %) was recorded for small size seeds. In all parameters assessed, sowing time $S_2$ had the best performance in combination with large seed size. Thus, September is suitable month for best germination, growth and seedling vigour and large seed size is recommended to silviculturists and tree planters. The information on seed germination and seedling growth is vital both for conservation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 2009

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis(DNM) can occur as a complication of oropharyngeal and cervical infections that spread to the mediastinum via the cervical spaces. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate mediastinal drainage through a cervical or minor thoracic approach are the primary causes of a high mortality rate. Therefore, We emphasize that aggressive and emergent mediastinal drainage by surgical approach is most important method of DNM treatment. We studied 5cases diagnosed as DNM from 2005 through 2007. All patients underwent emergent surgical drainage of deep neck infection combined with mediastinal drainage through a thoracic approach. Primary oropharyngeal infection lead to DNM in four cases(80%) and odontogenic abscess in one case(20%). The outcomes were favorable 5patients. Overall mortality rate was 0%. The time interval from diagnosis based on manifestation of initial symptoms(oral or pharyngolaryngeal area) to surgical intervention was $7.4{\pm}4.2$days. One patient required reoperation due to remnant mediastinal abscess and pericardial effusion. Early diagnosis and emergent combined drainage with neck and chest incisions, together with broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics, should be considered standard care for this disease. And intensive postoperative care which it is continuous mediastinal irrigation and antibiotics use can significantly reduce the mortality rate.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.106-124
• /
• 1984

Monthly streanflow of watersheds is one of the most important elements for the planning, design, and management of water resources development projects, e.g., determination of storage requirement of reservoirs and control of release-water in lowflow rivers. Modeling of longterm runoff is theoretically based on water-balance analysis for a certain time interval. The effect of the casual factors of rainfall, evaporation, and soil-moisture storage on streamflow might be explained by multiple regression analysis. Using the basic concepts of water-balance and regression analysis, it was possible to develop a generalized model called the Regionalized Regression Model for Monthly Streamflow in Korean Watersheds. Based on model verification, it is felt that the model can be reliably applied to any proposed station in Korean watersheds to estimate monthly streamflow for the planning, design, and management of water resources development projects, especially those involving irrigation. Modeling processes and properties are summarized as follows; 1. From a simplified equation of water-balance on a watershed a regression model for monthly streamflow using the variables of rainfall, pan evaporation, and previous-month streamflow was formulated. 2. The hydrologic response of a watershed was represented lumpedly, qualitatively, and deductively using the regression coefficients of the water-balance regression model. 3. Regionalization was carried out to classify 33 watersheds on the basis of similarity through cluster analysis and resulted in 4 regional groups. 4. Prediction equations for the regional coefficients were derived from the stepwise regression analysis of watershed characteristics. It was also possible to explain geographic influences on streamflow through those prediction equations. 5. A model requiring the simple input of the data for rainfall, pan evaporation, and geographic factors was developed to estimate monthly streamflow at ungaged stations. The results of evaluating the performance of the model generally satisfactory.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제61권6호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2019

Continuous and tremendous data (canopy temperature and meteorological variables) are necessary to determine Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). This study investigated the optimal monitoring time and interval of canopy temperature and meteorological variables (air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed) to determine CWSIs. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) was used to quantitatively describe the accuracy of sampling method depending upon various time intervals (t=5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 minutes) and CWSIs per every minute were used as a reference. The NSE coefficient of wind speed was 0.516 at the sampling time of 60 minutes, while the ones of other meteorological variables and canopy temperature were greater than 0.8. The pattern of daily CWSIs increased from 8:00 am, reached the maximum value at 12:00 pm, then decreased after 2:00 pm. The statistical analysis showed that the data collection at 11:40 am produced the closest CWSI value to the daily average of CWSI, which indicates that just one time of measurement could be representative throughout the day. Overall, the findings of this study contributes to the economical and convenient method of quantifying CWSIs and irrigation management.

• Hip & pelvis
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.217-227
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF) is a common complication after total hip arthroplasty, and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is a common surgical treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of ORIF in patients with different fracture patterns (Vancouver B1 and B2). Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and KoreaMed from inception to August 2022. We conducted a pair-wise meta-analysis (with a fixed-effects model) on the 10 comparative studies and a proportional meta-analysis on the data from the 39 articles to determine a consensus. The outcomes were the incidence of reoperations that included osteosynthesis, irrigation/debridement and revision arthroplasty. Results: The pair-wise meta-analysis showed similar outcomes between two groups; the risk of reoperation (odds ratio [OR]=0.82, confidence interval [CI] 0.43-1.55, P=0.542), nonunion (OR=0.49; CI 0.22-1.10, P=0.085) and deep infection (OR=1.89, CI 0.48-7.46, P=0.361). In proportion meta-analysis, pooled prevalence of reoperation was 9% (95% CI, 6-12) in B1 and 8% (95% CI, 2-15) in B2 (heterogeneity between two groups (Q), P=0.772). The pooled prevalence of nonunion was same as of 4% in B1 and B2 (Q, P=0.678), and deep infection was 2% (95% CI, 1-3) in B1 and 4% (95% CI, 2-7) in B2 (Q, P=0.130). Conclusion: ORIF is a feasible treatment for B1 and B2 periprosthetic femoral fractures, with acceptable outcomes in terms of, nonunion and infection. The results of this study would help clinicians and provide baseline data for further studies validating PFF.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.154-162
• /
• 2003

시설재배지에서의 암거 배수 효과를 보기 위하여 2W 연동하우스 강서 미사질 양토를 대상으로 3년간 실시하였다. 암거 무설치구와 암거 설치구를 두고 암거설치구는 간격 1 m, 2 m 및 3 m로 하여 3개의 구를 두고 암거설치는 유공 PVC관(${\Phi}100mm$)을 비닐 망사로 감아 깊이 50-60 cm에 묻고 관 주위 10 cm 정도를 왕겨로 충진한 후 토양으로 덮었다. 작부체계는 1 년차에는 호박-호박, 2년차에 오이-시금치-쑥갓-시금치-열무, 3년차에 풋고추-토마토-시금치였으며 시비는 관행시비, 관개는 지하수 양수에 의한 점적관개나 고랑관개를 이용했다. 암거 설치구는 무처리구에 비해 용적밀도, 토양경도가 낮았고 최종직물인 시금치의 근권이 2 cm 이상 더 컸다. 암거 설치에 의해 토양수분함량의 감소가 조사되었고 암거간격이 좁아질수록 현저하게 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 암거 직상부가 대체로 가장 낮은 토양수분함량을 나타내었다. 따라서 암거 설치는 통기성, 투수성 등의 토양 물리성 개선시켰으며 암거직상부에서 그 효과가 가장 크다고 파악된다. 암거 설치에 의해 토양표면 (0-10 cm)의 $NO_{3^-}-N$함량의 감소폭이 가장 컸고 염농도 및 유효인산, 교환성양이온함량 또한 감소했다. 특히 계절별로 집적량이 높은 봄에 염농도 및 $NO_{3^-}-N$ 함량 감소율 또한 높았고 여름, 가을은 상대적으로 낮았다. 암거 설치에 의해 토양표면의 EC(1:5)는 $1.22dS\;m^{-1}$에서 $0.82dS\;m^{-1}$로 감소했고 $NO_{3^-}-N$ 함량은 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$에서 $39mg\;kg^{-1}$로 감소했다. 암거 설치 3년간의 작물수량은 작목에 따라 다르게 나타났는데, 무처리구에 비해 2 m 간격이 18.2% 증수, 3 m 간격이 14.2% 증수 및 1 m 간격은 0.2% 감수되었다.