• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.15-16
• /
• 2017

The properties of concrete damaged by fire change according to the temperature. Diffusion coefficient of chloride ion also can change which affect the life expectation under salt circumstance. Diffusion coefficient was measured by NT BUILD 492 using the concrete specimen damaged by high temperature. FEM analysis was performed to predict the life expectancy which can help to diagnose the concrete diagnose and to design maintenance strategy.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.159-160
• /
• 2020

This study examined the potentials for developing a biological coating material with high chloride resistance. The bacteria strains isolated were Halomonas alkaliphile, Halomonas venusta, and Sulfidobacter mediterraneus. Test results revealed that the developed approach is very promising in reducing the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of concrete.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.787-792
• /
• 2001

The chloride ion penetrating into concrete is classified as the fixed chloride ion being bound in reacting to cement hydrate and the free chloride ion having a direct effect on rebar corrosion because being in solution inside porosity of concrete. Therefore, in order to study the diffusion properties of chloride ion, it is needed to evaluate binding chloride ion in concrete. In this study, we tried to give a fundamental information on diffusion of chloride ion in concrete with mineral admixtures through analysis of micro-structure transformations in concrete and effects on binding of chloride ion in cement paste when mixed with fly-ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume etc. which are used to improve durability and permeability of concrete

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1994년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
• /
• pp.1609-1611
• /
• 1994

In ECR and helicon reactors for plasma processing, a high density plasma is generated in a source region which is connected to a diffusion region where the processing takes place. Large density and potential gradients can develop at the orifice of the source which drive ion currents into the diffusion region. The average ion velocity may become the order of the sound velocity. Measurements of the ion saturation current to a Langmuir probe are used as a standard method of determining the plasma density in laboratory discharges. However, the analysis becomes difficult in a steaming plasma. We have used the HAMLET plasma simulator to simulate the ion flow to a large langmuir probe in an ECR plasma. The collection surface was aligned with the Held upstream, normal to the field, and downstream. ion trajectories through the electric and magnetic fields were calculated including ion-neutral collisions. We examines the ratio of ion current density to plasma density as a function of magnetic field and pressure.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.787-790
• /
• 1999

To estimate durability of reinforced concrete structures located in or nearby seawater, many different kinds of accelerated tests for evaluation of chloride ion permeation in concrete were proposed. At present the only standardized test is the ASTM C 1202(RCP test). This test method is used to estimate the concrete's resistivity of the chloride penetration in concrete by using the total charges passed and sometimes used to calculate the chloride diffusion coefficients. However, this test may lead to an erroneous chloride diffusion coefficient. So this test method was compared with the modified Dhir's test and the traditional concentration diffusion test. Experimental results showed that the diffusion coefficients determined the RCP test and the PD Index gave wrongous values, but the diffusion coefficient acquired by considering a migration term was nearly the same to the CD Test.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.54-62
• /
• 1998

In this study, the behaviorof ion nitriding of AISI 304 stainless steel was investigated using plasma ion nitriding system. The characteristics of ion nitriding, and their micsoctrucyures, and physical properties were investigated as a function of process parmeteds. important conclusions can be summarzied as follows. Firstly, it was found that growth of nitride layer in ion nitriding are mainly affected by N2 partial pressures and nitriding temperatures for AISI 304 stainless steel. The $N_2$<\TEX> partial pressure plays on important role in ion nitriding since it determiness the incoming flux of nitrogen species onto specimen surface. Nitriding thmprrature is also important besauseit determines the diffusion rates of nitrogen through nitride layers. While both parameters affects the characteristics rateding are controlled by nitridingen diffusion nitration profiles of N and alloying elements such as Cr and Ni are observed through niride layers. Secondly, nitride layer consists of the upper white laywe having various nitride phases and the underneath diffusion layers. The thickness of white layer increases with $N_2$<\TEX> partial pressures and nitriding temperatures. The thinkness of diffusion layer is increasting nitriding temperatures. Finally, nitriding of stainless steels steel show slighly low their corrsionce prorerties. However, passivation properties, which is normally observed in stainless steels, were still observed aftre ion nitriding.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.852-856
• /
• 2011

The lithium ion diffusion coefficients of bare, carbon-coated and Cr-doped $LiFePO_4$ were obtained by fitting the discharge curves of each half cell with Li metal anode. Diffusion losses at discharge curves were acquired with experiment data and fitted to equations. Theoretically fitted equations showed good agreement with experimental results. Moreover, theoretical equations are able to predict lithium diffusion coefficient and discharge curves at various discharge rates. The obtained diffusion coefficients were similar to the true diffusion coefficient of phase transformation electrodes. Lithium ion diffusion is one of main factors that determine voltage drop in a half cell with $LiFePO_4$ cathode and Li metal anode. The high diffusion coefficient of carbon-coated and Cr-doped $LiFePO_4$ resulted in better performance at the discharge process. The performance at high discharge rate was improved much as diffusion coefficient increased.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2014

사용후핵연료의 중간저장시설인 콘크리트 캐스크(cask)는 해안부근에 입지할 가능성이 크기 때문에 염해에 대한 문제가 크게 우려된다. 그리고 염해에 의한 철근의 부식 및 균열발생은 철근콘크리트구조물의 방사선 차폐기능뿐 아니라 구조성능 저하의 주요 원인이기 때문에 염해에 대한 평가는 매우 중요한 사항이다. 특히 염해환경과 함께 콘크리트 캐스크 내부에서는 사용후핵연료의 발열에 의해 $60^{\circ}C$정도의 고온 환경이 예상되기 때문에 고온에서의 염해에 대한 검토가 요구되지만, 기존 콘크리트 구조물의 염해평가에서는 온도에 대한 영향이 전혀 고려되어 있지 않아 고온에서 염해에 노출된 철근콘크리트구조물들의 내구설계 및 수명예측을 위해 참고할 만한 자료가 거의 없다. 이 연구에서는 다양한 온도환경에서의 염수(NaCl)침지시험을 통해 콘크리트의 염화물이온 확산계수를 측정하고 염화물이온 확산계수와 온도의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 실험 결과, 콘크리트의 염화물이온 확산계수는 온도의 증가에 따라 현저히 증대하여 고온환경에서의 염해 발생가능성이 매우 큰 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 크리트의 염화물이온 확산계수는 물시멘트(W/C)비가 낮아질수록 감소하였고, 이 경향은 온도가 증가(고온환경)하여도 동일하게 나타났다. 염화물이온 확산계수의 온도의존성은 아레니우스식(Arrhenius equation)으로 나타내어졌고 회귀분석 결과, 확산계수의 대수 값은 절대온도의 역수와 선형관계를 나타내었다. 또한 온도의존성을 나타내는 활성화에너지(activation energy)는 물시멘트(W/C)비가 낮을수록 높게 나타났다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.21-31
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 실리카흄을 대체하고 경량 콘크리트의 성능 향상을 위하여 메타카올린을 사용한 고성능 경량 콘크리트를 제조하여 기초물성 및 염소이온 확산 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 메타카올린을 사용한 경량 콘크리트는 압축강도와 염소이온 침투 저항성이 실리카흄을 사용한 경량 콘크리트보다 낮게 나왔지만, 실리카흄 대비 압축강도는 약 88~95%의 성능을 보였고, 염소이온 침투 저항성은 약 80~90%의 성능을 보여 만족할 만한 결과가 나왔다. 본 연구에서의 결과를 바탕으로 메타카올린의 적정 치환율은 10~15%가 적절하다고 사료된다. 메타카올린은 실리카흄과 유사한 특성을 갖고 있고, 비슷한 성능을 나타내기 때문에 대체재로의 가능성이 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.280-280
• /
• 2012

We examined ammonia diffusion on the surface of amorphous ice film through the measurement of decreasing residual quantity of $NH_3$ molecules compared to $H_2O$. The populations of $NH_3$ molecules on the surface of amorphous ice were monitored by using the techniques of temperature programmed reactive ion scattering (TPRIS) method. The ratio of intensity between ammonia and water was examined as a function of time at controlled temperature. When ammonia molecules were externally added onto an ice film at a temperature of 80 K, ammonia coverage with regard to ice was 0.12-0.16 ML. The intensity of ammonia molecules on the surface of ice decreased as time increased and the extent of decreased intensity of ammonia increased as controlled temperature increased. Moreover, energy barrier was estimated to be $51kJmol^{-1}$ on amorphous ice film. The results of the experiment indicate that ammonia molecules have a property of vertical diffusion into amorphous ice and the energy barrier of ammonia diffusion into bulk of ice is higher than that of hydrogen bonding.