• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.280-282
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.1282-1288
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• 2010

In this study, Site Investigation Program of cut slope is developed using related techniques and experience got from practical application of Inventory Survey Program of cut slope in work for last 4 years. The Site Investigation Program is designed to can be loaded to the Mobile PC for convenience of carrying in filed, convenience of data input and revision, application of diverse programs, convenience of confirming data and facility of establishment of real-time database system using wireless communication like Inventory Survey Program. Also, for connection with Inventory Survey Program, it has a same work process and can establish real-time database system of almost data obtained in filed using stability analysis tool loaded in this program. Application of this developed program is expected to be an opportunity that can contribute to development of slope investigation and database system area using IT techniques.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.424-430
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• 2000

Supply chain management (SCM) is an area that has recently received a great deal of attention in the business community. While SCM is relatively new, the idea of coordinated planning is not. During the last decades, many researchers have investigated multi-stage inventory problems. However, only a few papers address the problem of cost-optimal coordination of multi-stage inventory control with respect to service measures. Even published approaches have a shortcoming in dealing with a delivery lead time consisted of a shipping time and a waiting time. Assumed that there is no waiting time, or that the delivery lead time is implicitly compounded of a shipping time and a waiting time, the problem is often simplified into a multi-stage buffer allocation and a single-stage stochastic buffer sizing problem at all installations. This paper presents a simulation-based heuristic algorithm and a comparison with others for the problem that cannot be decomposed into a multi-stage buffer allocation and a single-stage stochastic buffer sizing problem because the waiting time ties together all stages. The comparison shows that the simulation-based heuristic algorithm performs better than other approaches in saving average inventory cost for both Poisson and Normal demands.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.39-50
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• 2014

This study was conducted to establish inventory and propose conservation strategy of 'village wetlands' in Cheonan. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as palustrine wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 791 provisional village wetlands were identified in Cheonan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 104 wetlands were defined as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Cheonan Village Wetlands after being validated through their area (greater than $1,000m^2$), satellite images, Korea Land Information System, land use map, land coverage map and field survey. Finally the 49 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying, and function assessment. As the result of the wetland function assessments, 11 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 30 wetlands were 'average' (enhancement) and 8 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Cheonan and connecting with an ecological network were proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.167-177
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• 2015

This study was conducted to establish an inventory and propose conservation strategies for 'village wetlands' in Asan city, Korea, using GIS. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as 'palustrine' wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 807 provisional village wetlands(draft) were identified in Asan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 196 wetlands(final) were defined finally as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Asan Village Wetlands after being validated through office works and field survey. The office works analyzed minimum area(greater than $625m^2$), satellite images, the Korea Land Information System, land use map and land coverage map. To evaluate the function and conservation values, the 37 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying and function assessment based on the following criteria : 1) doubled code both wetland and reservoir at digital map, 2) located less than 100m from village and 3) ecologically connected to such ecological resources as seaside mudflats, mountains and green area and ecological passages for small size wildlifes. As the result of the wetland function assessments by the RAM method, 7 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 18 wetlands were 'medium' (enhancement) and 12 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Asan and connecting with the Ecological Natural Degree were proposed.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 2017

In this study, land-use changes from 1990 to 2010 in Jeju Island by different approaches were produced and compared to suggest a more efficient approach. In a sample-based method, land-use changes were analyzed with different sampling intensities of 2 km and 4 km grids, which were distributed by the fifth National Forest Inventory (NFI5), and their uncertainty was assessed. When comparing the uncertainty for different sampling intensities, the one with the grid of 2 km provided more precise information; ranged from 6.6 to 31.3% of the relative standard error for remaining land-use categories for 20 years. On the other hand, land-cover maps by a wall-to-wall approach were produced by using time-series Landsat imageries. Forest land increased from 34,194 ha to 44,154 ha for 20 years, where about 69% of total forest land were remained as forest land and 19% and 8% within forest lands were converted to grassland and cropland, respectively. In the case of grassland, only about 40% of which were remained as grassland and most of the area were converted to forest land and cropland. When comparing land-cover area by land-use categories with land-use statistics, forest areas were underestimated while areas of cropland and grassland were overestimated. In order to analyze land use change, it is necessary to establish a clear and consistent definition on the six land use classification.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.933-940
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• 2020

Land-use change matrix data is important for calculating the LULUCF (land use, land use change and forestry) sector of the national greenhouse gas inventory. In this study, land cover changes in 2004 and 2019 were compared using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a land cover map of Sejong City from the Ministry of Environment. Sejong City was classified into six land use classes according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines: Forest land, crop land, grassland, wetland, settlement and other land. The coordinate system of the land cover maps of 2004 and 2019 were harmonized and the land use was reclassified. The results indicate that during the 15 years from 2004 to 2019 forestlands and croplands decreased from 50.4% (234.2 ㎢) and 34.6% (161.0 ㎢) to 43.4% (201.7 ㎢) and 20.7% (96.2 ㎢), respectively, while Settlement and Other land area increased significantly from 8.9% (41.1 ㎢) and 1.4% (6.9 ㎢) to 35.6% (119.0 ㎢) and 6.5% (30.3 ㎢). 79.㎢ of cropland area (96.2 ㎢) in 2019 was maintained as cropland, and 8.8 ㎢, 1.7 ㎢, 0.5 ㎢, 5.4 ㎢, and 0.4 ㎢ were converted from forestland, grassland, wetland, and settlement, respectively. This research, however, is subject to several limitations. The uncertainty of the land use change matrix when using the wall-to-wall technique depends on the accuracy of the utilized land cover map. Also, the land cover maps have different resolutions and different classification criteria for each production period. Despite these limitations, creating a land use change matrix using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a Land cover map has great advantages of saving time and money.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.63-83
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• 2002

This study is to survey the materials purchasing and inventory management status and the characteristics and opinions of the staff in charge of purchasing and inventory of the general hospitals in Busan area in order to contribute to the rationalization of its management through the grasp of actual situation and the presentation of desirable improvement plan for the materials purchasing and inventory management. The status of medical institute had been surveyed by the purchasing/ administration managers of total 26 general hospitals, and the purchasing/ management questionnaires had been commenced with 86 staff of the 26 hospitals. Its major survey results, after the analysis of 24 medical institute statuses (return rate of 92.30%) and 60 staff questionnaires (return rate of 69.76%), are as follows. First, post-purchasing evaluation system is not used actively, orders are being placed by phone or fax, and general merchandise is being purchased through free contracts in most of the hospitals participated in the survey. Second, as per the materials supplying methods, the requisition and delivery system is currently the most popular in the hospitals surveyed, however, both the requisition and delivery system and the par level transfer system are the most desired in the hospitals of more than 500 beds, and the par level transfer system is the most desired in the hospitals under 500 beds for the materials supplying system in the future. Third, as per the inventory management system that is desired the most in the future, the SPD and JIT types are preferred in the hospitals of more than 500 beds, the stockless strategy is preferred in the hospitals under 500 beds, the senior staff above section chief grade prefer the stockless strategy, and the junior staff prefer the ABC classification and SPD types. Fourth, The necessity of purchasing staff's training for the materials management is highly recognized but the effectiveness is not so much acknowledged, which is because such a training is thought to be so superficial and formal that it is not helpful much in the actual field. When summarizing the survey results as above, the materials purchasing and management system is differed for each group of hospitals according to the size of beds, and the more scientific management system is largely required by the general hospitals in Busan city. They also hope the introduction of joint purchasing system, materials management by the bar-code system, and positive execution of the market survey and training of the relevant staff for the management of purchasing affairs. So the more systematic purchasing and inventory management is regarded to be necessary through the introduction of scientific and specialized education of materials management, market survey, and post-purchasing evaluation system also through the computerization of materials purchasing and inventory management as soon as possible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.496-503
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• 2021

Pinus densiflora is an essential tree species native to the Republic of Korea (ROK) and covers most of the total natural forest areas in the ROK. This study was conducted to understand the site characteristics and stand structure of P. densiflora forests distributed at sites where P. densiflora covered over 50% of the stand basal area during the 7th National Forest Inventory (NFI) period from 2016 to 2020. P. densiflora dominated 3,665 circular sample plots (400 m²). P. densiflora forests predominated at elevations less than 600 m above sea level (a.s.l). However, most P. densiflora forests were distributed at the slopes facing south and west over 800 m a.s.l. At altitudes below 800 m, they were distributed at all slopes but dominated at the southern and western slopes. P. densiflora grew mainly in the soils of sandy loam, loam, or silt loam with relative infertility. Dominant tree species distributed with P. densiflora were Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. serrata, Prunus serrulata var. pubescens and Castanea crenata by the descending order. P. densiflora, P. thunbergii, and P. rigida were grown in large DBH classes, Quercus species and Fraxinus rhynchophylla in middle DBH classes, while Juniperus rigida and Styrax japonicus in small DBH classes. Dominant tree species distributed mainly at the lower layer of P. densiflora stands were Rhododendron mucronulatum, Q. serrata, Lindera obtusiloba, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Toxicodendron trichocarpum and Rhododendron schlippenbachii by the descending order.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.53-63
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of automatic measuring systems for air pollution emissions in Seoul and to suggest an improvement method using GIS and GPS. In Korea, there have been very few critical researches and managements for mobile and area sources regarding moving subjects such as automobiles. In order to control or to make a plan for reducing air pollutions, air pollution emission data based on tim and location, emission inventory systems and emission models should be implemented. Using digital maps and MS Visual Basic, we developed a visualized interface for air pollution emission data from automatic emission measurement systems in Seoul.