• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3831-3836
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• 2013

Background: S100A14 has recently been implicated in the progress of several types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and possible mechanisms of action of S100A14 in the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: S100A14 expression in HCC was detected at mRNA and protein levels and its prognostic significance was assessed. Functional roles of S100A14 in HCC were investigated using MTT, BrdU, wound healing, transwell invasion assay and HCC metastatic mouse model. Results: S100A14 was significantly elevated in HCC tissues, correlated with multiple tumor nodes, high Edmondson-Steiner grade and vascular invasion. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the S100A14 expression level was a significant and independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) of HCC patients (hazard ratio=1.98, 95% confidence interval=1.14-3.46, P=0.013). S100A14 promoted cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: These results suggest S100A14 is a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1349-1353
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• 2012

Increasing evidence has revealed that thy-1 was a potential stem cell marker of liver cancer, but no data have been shown on how thy-1 regulates the pathophysiology of liver cancer, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration. We previously demonstrated that thy-1 was expressed in about 1% of hepg2 cells, thy-1+hepg2 cells, but not thy-1-, demonstrating high tumorigenesis on inoculation $0.5{\times}10^5$ cells per BACA/LA mouse after 2 months. In the present study, our results showed that higher expression of thy-1 occurs in 72% (36/50 cases) of neoplastic hepatic tissues as compared to 40% (20/50 cases) of control tissues, and the expression of thy-1 is higher in poorly differentiated liver tumors than in the well-differentiated ones. In addition, thy-1 expression was detected in 85% of blood samples from liver cancer patients, but none in normal subjects or patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis. There was a significant negative correlation between thy-1expression and E-cadherin expression (a marker of invasion and migraton), but not between thy-1 expression and AFP expression in all the liver cancer and blood samples. We further investigated the relationship between thy-1 and E-cadherin in liver cancer hepg2 cell line which was transfected with pReceiver-M29/thy-1 eukaryotic expression vector followed by aspirin treatment. Lower expression of E-cadherin but higher expressions of thy-1 were detected in hepg2 cells transfected with pReceiver-M29/thy-1. Taken together, our study suggested that thy-1 probably regulates liver cancer invasion and migration.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2000

계상 내의 미지형에 영향을 주며 형성된 하상퇴적지의 안정과 보전을 도모하고 계류환경을 보호하기 위하여 계성천 상류유역에서 식생정보를 이용한 하상퇴적지의 식생구조와 시간적 및 공간적 유로변동 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 퇴적지의 생성은 산림 내 상류구간은 주로 산사태 및 토석류 등의 중력침식 현상에 의하여 일어나고, 운반작용에 의해 형성된 하상퇴적지는 식생의 침입에 따라 더욱 안정화되고 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 2. 퇴적지에 생장하고 있는 식생을 통하여 퇴적지의 생성연대를 추정할 수 있어 토석류 등의 토석유출로 인한 하상변동사를 파악하는데 식물지표가 유효한 정보원이 될 수 있었다. 3. 상류 퇴적지의 식생은 근처 산림지역으로부터 종자의 비산으로 치수가 성장하여 자라고 있으므로 비교적 주변식생과 유사하여 완벽한 자연성을 보였는데 특히, 소나무, 때죽나무, 상수리나무, 갯버들, 달뿌리풀 등이 많이 출현하여 계반림 경관을 구성하는 주된 종으로서 교란이후 다른 식생보다 빨리 정착하는 선구수종으로 나타났다. 4. 1 - 5년의 퇴적지는 물이 불어나면 빠른 시간 내에 유로로 전환될 수 있는 공간이며, 11 - 20년의 퇴적지는 계상 내 단구가 비교적 높아 퇴적 및 체류된 시간이 오래 되고 안정화된 퇴적공간이었으며, 퇴적지 토사량은 하폭이 넓을 수록 많았다. 5. 식생침입에 따른 하상퇴적지는 이동규모, 이동빈도 및 체류시간 등의 정도에 따라 안정화가 유지되면서 유로의 변동에 많은 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있다. 6. 퇴적지의 횡단면 구조를 통하여 퇴적지 생성년대에 따른 토사의 재이동 및 체류시간을 파악하여 토사이동규모에 따른 적정한 공작물을 설치하므로서 상류산지의 황폐계류 및 유역환경을 보전할 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

The route of bony invasion and spread pattern of tumor in the mandible are important in management of gingival cancer. Ten patients with gingival cancer involving mandibular body region were operated by composite resection. The radiographic and histopathologic features of the mandibular invasion and spread were analysed and compared. Our results showed that histopathologic extent of tumor invasion were greater than the radiographic prediction, especially in width of the tumor. And the pattern of bony invasion in the body area was mostly found in transmedullary spread rather than perineural spread. The vertical involvement in the mandibular body with tumor was evaluated. It indicated that if a oncologic surgeon was to ensure an adequate safety margin for extirpation of tumor, in most cases, the maintenance of the mandibular continuity is difficult. If the mandibular involvement by gingival cancer was identified radiographically and clinically, segmental mandibulectomy was required for the adequate safety margin, in consideration of the spread pattern in the body area.

• 환경생물
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2007

In 2005, an unrecorded bryozoan, Bantariella sp., invading on black corals was observed at Munseom in Jejudo Island. An intensive study was performed in the portion of 180 m width and $10{\sim}30m$ deep of Hangae-chang at Munseom during the period from Jan. to Nov. 2006. The following two black corals, Antipathes japonica and A. lata are occurring in this area. To investigate the quantitative change of invasion rates, 26 colonies with initial invasion rate of 0%, 30%, 70% and 100% respectively were individually tagged at the beginning of this study. After that, the change of reinvasion rates was monitored in a timely manner with the pictures taken by underwater camera and ensile observation. These data were analyzed as to host species, depth and initial invasion rates. According to host species, the removal effect was higher in A. lata than A. japonica. The reinvasion rate of black corals showed a maximal effect at $20{\sim}30m$ deep, and the most successful removal effect appeared in the colonies of initial invasion rates of $30{\sim}70%$. Especially, the invasion of Bantariella sp. on black corals is related to seawater temperature in seasonal manner and this appearance was limitedly observed at Munseom. This study is to document the impact by bryozoan proposing removal methods and its proper time of removal. It could contribute to the conservation of black corals and furthermore help to predict the change of marine environments.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.363-374
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• 2010

Growing evidence suggests a prominent role for leptin in human cancer progression. The intricate pattern of leptin cross-talk with other associated signaling pathways is a critical area of research that will ultimately contribute to comprehending the role of leptin in cancer progression. This review summarizes a portion of the current understanding of leptin signaling, with a critical focus on its contribution to tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Five topics are addressed in this review: (1) Leptin receptor, (2) Leptin signaling, (3) Leptin and cancer, and (4) Leptin and tumor invasion. Due to the complex cellular effects of leptin, a more precise understanding of leptin signaling pathways must still be elucidated. Leptin is clearly a major factor for stimulating tumor progression through a complex spectrum of interplay and cross-talk among various signaling molecules. An understanding of the role of leptin in invasion and metastasis will provide valuable information for establishing strategies to modulate leptin signaling, which should be a high priority for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.509-512
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• 2014

Primary intraosseous meningioma is a rare tumor, and atypical pathologic components both osteolytic lesion and dura and soft tissue invasion is extremely rare. A 65-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of a soft mass on the right frontal area. MR imaging revealed a 4 cm sized, multilobulated, strongly-enhancing lesion on the right frontal bone, and CT showed a destructive skull lesion. The mass was adhered tightly to the scalp and dura mater, and it extended to some part of the outer and inner dural layers without brain invasion. The extradural mass and soft tissue mass were totally removed simultaneously and we reconstructed the calvarial defect with artificial bone material. The pathological study revealed an atypical meningioma as World Health Organization grade II. Six months after the operation, brain MR imaging showed that not found recurrence in both cranial and spinal lesion. Here, we report a case of primary osteolytic intraosseous atypical meningioma with soft tissue and dural invasion.

• ALGAE
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2010

The marine red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii is a major source of $\kappa$-carrageenan. It has been introduced in 20 countries including India. Recently, several reports have expressed concerns about Kappaphycus invasion on Acropora corals at Kurusadai Island in the Gulf of Mannar, India, which is part of a marine bioreserve. To understand the extent of the Kappaphycus invasion, 27 randomly selected locations around Kurusadai Island and the mainland coast were surveyed during May-August 2008 and July 2009. Our rigorous sampling revealed that K. alvarezii was confined to two different patches of 105 m $\times$ 55 m and 8 m $\times$ 9 m located at the southeastern part of Kurusadai Island. The actual extent of the K. alvarezii canopy coverage was 76.7 $m^2$, accounting for less than 0.0035% of the total coral reef area. The daily growth rate of the K. alvarezii at Kurusadai was 0.7%. K. alvarezii was not observed in the coral reef area of the adjoining Pullivasal and Poomarichan Islands or the Palk Bay area cultivation sites. The lack of functional reproductive cycle, low spore viability, and the absence of microscopic phases in the life cycle of this alga coupled with the abundance presence of herbivores may restrict the further spread of this alga, so its invasive potential at Kurusadai Island is considered remote.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2007

Cancer metastasis is a major determinant of cancer patient mortality. Mounting evidence favors a strong positive role for $TGF-{\beta}$ in human cancer progression. The complex pattern on cross-talk of $TGF-{\beta}$ and the related other signaling pathways is an important area of investigation that will ultimately contribute to understanding of the bifunctional role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in cancer progression. This review summarizes some of the current understanding of $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling with a major focus in its contribution to the tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Five issues are addressed in this review: (1) $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling, (2) $TGF-{\beta}$ and EMT, (3) $TGF-{\beta}$ and MMP, (4) $TGF-{\beta}$ and Ras, and (5) Role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in invasion and metastasis. Due to the bifunctional cellular effects of $TGF-{\beta}$, as a tumor promoter and a tumor suppressor, more precisely defined $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling pathways need to be elucidated. According to the current literature, $TGF-{\beta}$ is clearly a major factor stimulating tumor progression through a complex spectrum of the interplay and cross-talk between various signaling molecules. Understanding the role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in invasion and metastasis will provide valuable information on establishing strategies to manipulate $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling which should be a high priority for the development of anti-metastatic therapeutics.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.209-216
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• 1998

The invasion of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in the Ukrainian Carpathians Mts. and the Transcarpathian Plain in Central Europe was reconstructed on the basis of floristic records. The first spontaneous occurrence was dated from the beginning of the 1940s. Within the next 55 year period, the distributional spread speed of the species was of 67.6 $km^2/y$ (by the average data). The occupied area by A. artemisiifolia in the range of the studied areas is about $3716.5km^2$ now. The features of behavior of the invader and the habitat preference were determined. The frequency of occurrence by sociologic-ecological classification was carried out. The generalized model of correlations among the gravitation, the active temperature sum and the disturbance gradients and the frequency of occurrence of the species was presented. The scheme of the invasion stages of A. artemisiifolia is reflected in the population status changes of the species during the areal dynamics.