• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block and intra-articular injection (IAI) of steroid-bupivacaine in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: After randomization, patients received either a PENG block or IAI under ultrasound-guidance. Clinical evaluations were recorded at baseline, day 1, and weeks 1, 4, and 8 post-intervention. The numerical rating scale (NRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), Harris Hip Scale (HHS) scores, pain medication use determined by a quantitative analgesic questionnaire, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results: Sixty patients were included in this study. NRS scores improved significantly for both groups during the follow-up compared to pretreatment (P < 0.001), with better pain scores for the PENG group (P < 0.001) at day 1 with larger effect size (Cohen's d = 4.62), and IAI group at 4 (Cohen's d = 5.15) and 8 (Cohen's d = 4.33) weeks (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in pain medication consumption (P = 0.499) and patient satisfaction (P = 0.138) between groups. Patients in the IAI group experienced significant improvement in HHS (Cohen's d = 2.16, P = 0.007) and WOMAC (Cohen's d = 1.02, P = 0.036) scores at 8 weeks compared to the PENG group. Conclusions: The ultrasound-guided PENG block provides effective pain relief which improves functionality and quality of life in hip OA patients up to 2 months. The PENG block can be considered an easy, safe, and useful alternative treatment modality for hip OA.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권6호
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• pp.1459-1465
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• 2020

항암치료를 위해 흉강 내 속목정맥의 천자를 통한 피하매몰 중심정맥 케모포트(implantable central venous chemoport) 도관의 설치 중 발생할 수 있는 의인성 속목정맥 천공은 매운 드문 합병증 중의 하나로 혈흉이나 출혈성 쇼크를 일으킬 수 있으며, 부적절한 항암제 주입으로 인한 늑막삼출이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 항암제 주입 전 조기에 진단하여 응급 개흉술을 통해 천공된 속목정맥을 봉합하는 것이 치료 원칙이다. 저자들은 우측 속목정맥을 통한 피하매몰 중심정맥 케모포트의 설치 후 발생한 속목정맥 천공 환자에서 부적절한 항암제 주입으로 인해 발생한 늑막삼출과 혈흉을 개흉술을 시행하지 않고 경피적 배액술 후 코일과 N-butyl cyanoacrylate를 이용한 색전술을 통해 성공적으로 치료한 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been established as a treatment modality for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Long-term follow-up data are lacking in Western countries. The aim of this study was to analyze long-term survival in a Western center. Methods: Patients undergoing ESD for ESCC were included. The analysis was performed retrospectively using a prospectively collected database. Results: R0 resection rate was 96.7% (59/61 lesions in 58 patients). Twenty-seven patients (46.6%) fulfilled the curative resection criteria (M1/M2) (group A), 11 patients (19.0%) had M3 lesions without lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (group B), and 20 patients (34.5%) had lesions with submucosal invasion or LVI (group C). Additional treatment was recommended after non-curative resection. It was not performed in 20/31 patients (64.5%), mainly because of comorbidities (75%). Twenty-nine out of 58 (50.0%) patients died during a mean follow-up of 3.7 years. Death was related to ESCC in 17.2% (5/29) of patients. The disease-specific survival rate after curative resection was 100%. Overall survival rates after 5 years were 61.5%, 63.6% and 28.1% for groups A, B, and C, respectively. The overall survival was significantly worse after non-curative resection (p=0.038). Conclusions: Non-curative resection is frequent after ESD for ESCC in Western patients. The long-term prognosis is limited and mainly determined by comorbidity. Early diagnosis and pre-interventional assessments need to be improved.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.615-620
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• 2023

Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is a rare disease caused by the obstruction of lymphatic vessels with specific clinical morphological and radiological characteristics. People with morbid obesity are mainly affected by MLL. Lymphedema is easily confused with soft tissue sarcoma and requires differential diagnosis, both the possibility of an MLL and also carcinoma manifestations in the soft tissues. The possible causes of massive lymphedema include trauma, surgery, and hypothyroidism. This report is the first case of MLL treated surgically in the Russian Federation. Detailed computed tomography (CT) characteristics and an electron microscope picture of MLL are discussed. A 50-year-old woman (body mass index of 43 kg/m²) with MLL arising from the anterior abdominal wall was admitted to the hospital for surgical treatment. Its mass was 22.16 kg. A morphological study of the resected mass confirmed the diagnosis of MLL. We review etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of MLL. We also performed an electron-microscopic study that revealed interstitial Cajal-like cells telocytes not previously described in MLL cases. We did not find similar findings in the literature. It is possible that the conduction of an ultrastructural examination of MLL tissue samples will further contribute to the understanding of MLL pathogenesis.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.784-792
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Patients with acute cholecystitis (AC) after metallic stent (MS) placement for malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) have a high surgical risk. We performed percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder aspiration (PTGBA) as the first treatment for AC. We aimed to identify the risk factors for AC after MS placement and the poor response factors of PTGBA. Methods: We enrolled 401 patients who underwent MS placement for MBO between April 2011 and March 2020. The incidence of AC was 10.7%. Of these 43 patients, 37 underwent PTGBA as the first treatment. The patients' responses to PTGBA were divided into good and poor response groups. Results: There were 20 patients in good response group and 17 patients in poor response group. Risk factors for cholecystitis after MS placement included cystic duct obstruction (p<0.001) and covered MS (p<0.001). Cystic duct obstruction (p=0.003) and uncovered MS (p=0.011) demonstrated significantly poor responses to PTGBA. Cystic duct obstruction is a risk factor for cholecystitis and poor response factor for PTGBA, whereas covered MS is a risk factor for cholecystitis and an uncovered MS is a poor response factor of PTGBA for cholecystitis. Conclusions: The onset and poor response factors of AC after MS placement were different between covered and uncovered MS. PTGBA can be a viable option for AC after MS placement, especially in patients with covered MS.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2014

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in impairing the function of T cells. We characterized MDSCs in two chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cohorts: a cross-sectional group that included 61 treatment-naive patients with CHC, 14 rapid virologic response (RVR) cases and 22 early virologic response (EVR) cases; and a longitudinal group of 13 cases of RVR and 10 cases of EVR after pegylated-interferon-${\alpha}$/ribavirin treatment for genotype 1b HCV infection. Liver samples from 32 CHC patients and six healthy controls were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. MDSCs frequency in treatment-naive CHC was significantly higher than in RVR, EVR, or healthy subjects and was positively correlated with HCV RNA. Patients infected with HCV genotype 2a had a significantly higher frequency of MDSCs than those infected with genotype 1b. Decreased T cell receptor (TCR) ${\zeta}$ expression on $CD8^+$ T cells was significantly associated with an increased frequency of MDSCs in treatment-naive CHC patients and was restored by L-arginine treatment in vitro. Increased numbers of liver arginase-$1^+$ cells were closely associated with the histological activity index in CHC. The TCR ${\zeta}$ chain was significantly downregulated on hepatic $CD8^+$ T cells in CHC. During antiviral follow up, MDSCs frequency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was directly correlated with the HCV RNA load in the plasma and inversely correlated with TCR ${\zeta}$ chain expression in $CD8^+$ T cells in both RVR and EVR cases. Notably, the RVR group had a higher frequency of MDSCs at baseline than the EVR group. Collectively, this study provides evidence that MDSCs might be associated with HCV persistence and downregulation of CD8 ${\zeta}$ chain expression.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

호흡기 질환환자에서 비교적 흔한 증상인 객혈은 여러 치료법에도 불구하고 사망의 위험성이 높은 임상증상이다. 기관지색전술은 내외과적 치료에도 객혈이 멈추지 않을 경우, 즉각적인 지혈목적 외에도 수술이 불가능한 환자나 수술전 환자상태를 호전시키기 위한 시간을 얻기 위한 목적으로 매우 유용한 시술이다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구는 기관지동맥 색전술의 유용성에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 대상은 J병원의 2007년 03월부터 2009년 12월까지 발생한 대량 객혈로 인한 기관지동맥 색전술을 시행한 60명으로 하였다. 이들은 하루 400ml이상, 한번에 200ml이상의 대량객혈이 있었거나 객혈양이 하루 400ml이하였지만 10일 이상의 내과적 치료에 반응하지 않았던 경우였다. 평균연령은 60.5세였으며, 원인질환별로는 결핵, 기관지확장증, 폐렴, 폐암 등이었다. 색전부위는 Rt bronchial artery 19예, Lt broncial artery, both bronchial artery, Rt Intercostobronchial artery, 여러 혈관을 동시에 시행한 경우였다. 색전물질은 PVA(conteour)와 microcoil을 이용하였다. 환자 60명중 76.6%에서는 시술 후 시간이 지남에 따라 출혈이 멈추었으며, 4예(6.6)에서는 시술 후 재출혈로 인한 재색전술을 시행하였다. 기관지 동맥 색전술은 객혈 치료에 있어서, 높은 조기 성공률과 객혈을 효과적으로 조절함으로, 대량 객혈로 인한 출혈에 효과적인 응급치료법으로 사망률을 줄이는 좋은 시술 방법이 될 것이다. 또한 일차적으로 내과적 치료와 같이 병행하여 시도한다면 대량 객혈로 인한 출혈에 효과적인 치료법으로 사망률을 줄이는 좋은 중재적 방사선 시술 방법이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.677-683
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• 2009

메이-터너 증후군은 좌측 장골정맥이 우측 총장골동맥에 눌러져 발생하는 장골-대퇴정맥의 심부정맥 혈전증이다. 비록 카테터를 이용한 혈전제거 술과 혈전용해 및 스텐트 삽입술이, 기술적 수월함과 낮은 재발율로 인해 급성기 혹은 아급성기의 메이-터너 증후군 환자들에게 보편적인 치료법으로 인식되고 있지만 일부 환자에서는 치명적인 합병증을 일으킬 수 있다. 더군다나 만성 메이-터너 증후군 환자에서의 궁극적인 적절한 치료법은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. 저자들은 2예의 만성 메이-터너 증후군 환자에서 혈관 내 치료법 실패 후 수술적 혈전제거 술과 스텐트 삽관술, 동정맥루 조성술을 적용하였다. 이러한 수술적 치료법은 일부 혈관 내 치료가 적응증이 될 수 없는 환자에게 유의한 치료법으로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.570-582
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• 2022

수핵성형술은 경피적 디스크 감압술의 한 종류로 디스크 탈출증의 치료를 위해 개발된 시술법이다. 현재 몇몇 임상 현장에선 이 기술을 원래의 적응증인 디스크 탈출증을 지닌 환자들에 대해서 뿐 아니라, 디스크 내장증을 지닌 환자들에게도 사용하고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 이와 같은 임상 현장에서의 수핵성형술의 적응증의 확대가 타당한 의학적 논리 위에서 수행된 것인지 평가하는 것이다. 그것을 위해 논자는 수핵성형술을 디스크 내장증 환자들에게 적용한 논문들을 분석하였다. 분석의 요점은 첫째, 연구자들이 제시하는 치료 근거의 타당성과 둘째, 환자 선별 기준의 적절성이다. 그 결과 수핵성형술을 디스크 내장증의 치료에 적용한 기존 논문들이 제시하는 치료 근거는 불분명하거나 일반적인 의학의 논리에 부합하지 않는 측면이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 환자 선별의 과정에선 경피적 감압술이 기능을 발휘할 수 있는 조건을 지닌 디스크를 찾기 위한 절차를 엄밀히 수행하지 않거나 경피적 감압술에 부적합한 것으로 판단될 수 있는 디스크도 시술 대상에 포함시킨 것으로 평가된다. 따라서 논자는 수핵성형술을 디스크 내장증 치료에 적용한 기존 연구들은 불필요하거나 잠재적 부작용을 발생시킬 수 있는 다소 모험적인 실험의 성격을 갖고 있다고 판단한다. 이 주제에 대한 연구과정에서 환자의 권익을 지키고 연구의 완성도를 높이기 위해선 현재의 이해 수준보다 선명한 치료적 근거의 확립과 이에 기반한 정교한 환자 선별 과정이 필수적으로 갖추어져야 할 것이라 생각한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.555-565
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• 2022

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled 39 participants (14 male, 25 female; mean age, 59.5 ± 15.3 [range, 18-87] years) between September 1, 2018, and January 31, 2021. All participants had parathyroid lesions causing PHPT, proven biochemically and through imaging. The imaging features of the PHPT nodules, including the shape, margin, size, composition, and location, were evaluated before treatment. Serum intact parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus levels; parathyroid nodule volume; and PHPT-related symptoms were recorded before and after treatment. We calculated the technical success, biochemical cure, and clinical cure rates for these patients. Complications were evaluated during and after the ablation. Results: Complete ablation was achieved in 38 of the 39 nodules in the 39 enrolled participants. All the patients were treated in one session. The technical success rate was 97.4% (38/39). The mean follow-up duration was 13.2 ± 4.6 (range, 6.0-24.9) months. At 6 and 12 months post-RFA, the biochemical cure rates were 82.1% (32/39) and 84.4% (27/32), respectively, and the clinical cure rates were 100% (39/39) and 96.9% (31/32), respectively. Only 2.6% (1/39) of the patients had recurrent PHPT. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after technically successful RFA, 44.7% (17/38), 34.3% (12/35), 15.8% (6/38), and 12.5% (4/32) of participants, respectively, had elevated eucalcemic parathyroid hormone levels. Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis occurred in 5.1% (2/39) of the patients, who recovered spontaneously within 1-3 months. Conclusion: US-guided RFA was effective and safe for PHPT patients. RFA may be an alternative treatment tool for patients who cannot tolerate or refuse to undergo surgery.