• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the organizational culture in hospital for infection control, moral sensitivity, and the degree of infection control among long-term care hospital nurses, and to identified the factors associated with infection control perfomance. Methods: 186 nurses who directly care for patients at seven Long-Term Care Hospitals in D Metropolitan City participated in the survey. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and analyzed using the IBM SPSS 26.0 software. Results: Moral sensitivity showed statistically significant differences in age (F=5.473, p=.065), clinical experience (F=8.890, p=.031), nursing hospital work experience (F=6.520, p=.038), religion (t=-2.01, p=.046) and position (t=-2.96, p=.003). Correlation analysis revealed that with moral sensitivity and effect of organizational culture on infection control, there was a positive correlation between infection control and patient-centered nursing (r=.201, p<.006), professionalism (r=.149, p<.042), benevolence (r=.303, p<.001), infection control organizational culture (r=.556, p<.001). Benevolence of moral sensitivity (β=.21, p=.001) and infection control organizational culture (β=.54, p<.001) were associated with infection control perfomance. Moral sensitivity (including patient-centered nursing, professionalism, and benevolence) and infection control organizational culture explained 33.8% of the variance in infection control (F=24.57, p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to improve the moral sensitivity of nurses and a positive organizational culture for better infection control. We need to develop intervention strategies and establish systematic and administrative support.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.286-295
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• 2022

Purpose: Based on the World Health Organization framework on reproductive health, this descriptive correlational study investigated the factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors of married women, with a focus on family values and reproductive health knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 170 married women between the ages of 25 and 49 years living in Daegu, Korea. The general and reproductive health characteristics, family values, and reproductive health knowledge of married women were identified, as well as factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors. A questionnaire survey was administered to investigate the impact of various factors on reproductive health-promoting behaviors. Results: Positive correlations were shown for family values (r=.78, p<.001) and reproductive health knowledge (r=.55, p<.001). Family values (β=.35, p<.001) and reproductive health knowledge (β=.24, p<.001) were identified as factors influencing reproductive health-promoting behaviors. According to the regression model, the explanatory power of factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors among married women was 51.2%. Conclusion: A history of reproductive diseases, family values, and reproductive health knowledge were identified as factors influencing reproductive health-promoting behaviors. These results will provide basic data for the development of a reproductive health-promoting program, including a positive approach to reproductive health among married women, and will serve as a basis for further research on intervention strategies.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2023

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely throughout the world, causing psychological problems such as fear, anxiety, and stress. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women have been concerned about both their own health and the health of their fetuses, and these concerns could negatively affect maternal-fetal attachment. Thus, this study aimed to explore the level of COVID-19 stress, resilience, and maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment. Methods: In total, 118 pregnant women past 20 weeks gestation were recruited from two maternity clinics in Daegu, Korea, to participate in this descriptive correlational study during COVID-19. The factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean scores for COVID-19 stress, resilience, and maternal-fetal attachment were 57.18±10.32 out of 84, 67.32±15.09 out of 100, and 77.23±9.00 out of 96, respectively. Nulliparous pregnant women reported greater maternal-fetal attachment than multiparous pregnant women (p=.003). Religious pregnant women also reported greater maternal-fetal attachment than non-religious pregnant women (p=.039). Resilience (β=.29, p=.002), COVID-19 stress (β=.20, p=.030) and parity (β=-.17, p=.047) were factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment, and these factors explained 26.4% of the variance in maternal-fetal attachment (F=10.12, p<.001). Conclusion: Converse to common sense, COVID-19 stress exerted a positive influence on maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers need to recognize the positive influence of COVID-19 stress and implement intervention strategies to strengthen resilience in pregnant women to improve maternal-fetal attachment.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.86-97
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess exposure to traumatic events, knowledge and attitudes concerning post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the level of resilience among nurses and paramedics working in emergency departments. Methods: Data were collected from May 22 to June 12, 2022, using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The participants comprised 135 nurses and 80 paramedics working in emergency departments. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, a t-test, and an analysis of variance with Scheffé's test. Results: Compared with emergency room nurses, paramedics were more positive about the government's spending on job opportunities for people with PTSD. There were no significant differences in attitude regarding government strategies and people with PTSD between nurses and paramedics. Paramedics had higher scores on the effective treatment for PTSD, while emergency room nurses showed higher scores on effective psychotherapy. General knowledge of PTSD differed according to sex (t=-2.33, p=.021) and education level (F=3.21, p=.042). Resilience scores differed significantly according to sex (t=2.02, p=.045), education level (F=4.10, p=.018), self-reported economic state (F=10.34, p<.001), and self-reported health (F=11.57, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings support that emergency department nurses and paramedics are in need of self-care programs to support their mental health and indicate that intervention programs should be developed to enhance resilience in emergency department professionals.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2023

Background: This study investigated the relationship between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation. Moreover, this study examines the moderating roles of organizational climate on the association between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation in Korean male firefighters. Methods: A total of 15,104 male firefighters who completed a questionnaire were analyzed. The data were obtained using an online self-administered questionnaire from the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety and Health Study. Poisson regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation and the moderating effect of organizational climate. Results: The results showed that 389 firefighters (2.6%) responded that they had experienced suicidal ideation. In the final model, trauma exposure was positively related to suicidal ideation (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.076; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.051-1.103), and organizational climate was negatively associated with suicidal ideation (aRR, 0.772; 95% CI: 0.739-0.806). Additionally, the interaction term (trauma exposure × organizational climate) was related to suicidal ideation (aRR, 1.016; 95% CI: 1.009-1.023). Conclusions: This study suggests that trauma exposure might play a significant role in developing suicidal ideation and that positive organizational climate moderates the negative effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation among firefighters. It is necessary to perform a follow-up study of various intervention strategies to maintain a healthy organizational climate or work environment. Such interventions should promote lasting trust within teams, provide social support and belonging, and nurture job value.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2022

Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are at high risk for adverse mental health outcomes during disease outbreaks. To support the development of evidence-informed mitigation strategies, we conducted a scoping review to identify the extent of research pertaining to EMS personnel's mental health during disease outbreaks and summarized key factors associated with mental health outcomes. We systematically searched three databases for articles containing keywords within three concepts: EMS personnel, disease outbreaks, and mental health. We screened and retained original peer-reviewed articles that discussed, in English, EMS personnel's mental health during disease outbreaks. Where inferential statistics were reported, the associations between individual and work-related factors and mental health outcomes were synthesized. Twenty-five articles were eligible for data extraction. Our findings suggest that many of the contributing factors for adverse mental health outcomes are related to inadequacies in fulfilling EMS personnel's basic safety and informational needs. In preparation for future disease outbreaks, resources should be prioritized toward ensuring adequate provisions of personal protective equipment and infection prevention and control training. This scoping review serves as a launching pad for further research and intervention development.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.49-78
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Korean Medicine Therapy (KMT) for the treatment of Chemotherapy-induced Cognitive Impairment (CICI) through systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as proceeding research to further research the efficacy of KMT for CICI patients. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). The RCTs on the efficacy of KMT for treatment of CICI were searched by structured search strategies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, CAJD, KISS, NDSL, KoreaMed, and OASIS. The searched RCTs were screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria. We evaluated the quality of the method in the included studies using the Jadad score and Cochran ROB tool. The efficacy outcomes were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Clinical total Effective Rate (CER) of CICI. They were analyzed using mean difference for continuous variable or Relative Risk (RR) for Dichotomous variable in the random-effect model. The RevMan 5.3 program was used for meta-analysis. Results: We included 19 RCTs, including 653 participants, in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There were favorable results for the KMT group after the intervention compared with the pharmacotherapy group, physiotherapy group, and combined treatment group. KMT group showed improvement using CER and VAS compared with exercises, but their heterogeneities were slightly significant. KMT was more effective compared to the Rehabilitation program in CER and the subgroup analysis results showed that KMT had a significant difference compared to other therapies in VAS, to Medication therapy in CER. Conclusions: KMT presented reasonable evidence on improving the Clinical total Effective Rate and Visual Analogue Scale in CICI patients. However, further evaluation in future research is required.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: To investigate the relationship between hearing impairment and alcohol drinking patterns in South Korean adults. Subjects and Methods: Data collection was performed by Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Data analyses were performed from February 20 to March 3, 2018. Data from 3,860 adults 20 years of age or older without a history of malignancy or chronic otitis media in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 database who participated in the health questionnaires, and who had available results from otologic examinations that included pure tone audiogram, were included. Pure-tone average hearing thresholds were calculated at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as a pure-tone average >40 dB in one or both ears. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to evaluate drinking statuses of subjects. Data were analyzed using the complex-sample χ²-test of independence and a complex-sample logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 29,954,319 individuals in the weighted cross-sectional study population, 15,106,040 (50.4%) were men and 14,848,098 (49.6%) were women. A total of 8.1% of men and 7% of women had hearing impairment. The degrees of drinking with appropriate, risky, and hazardous drinking habits were 58.2, 32.1, and 9.7% among men; and 76.4, 12.5, and 11.1% among women, respectively. Among men, the odds ratio of hearing loss increased by 2.506 times when comparing hazardous and appropriate drinking (confidence interval, 1.083 to 5.800, p=0.002). Moderate alcohol consumption (≤2 drinks per day) was not protective for hearing in either group. Conclusions: As hazardous drinking tends to coexist with hearing impairment in men, appropriate prevention and intervention strategies should be emphasized. A longitudinal study to investigate harmful drinking and the mechanism of hearing loss should be performed.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2023

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to identify the contribution of nurses' communication styles, nurse-mother partnerships, and mothers' anxiety levels to the coping of mothers of hospitalized children, with the goal of establishing effective intervention strategies based on these factors. Methods: Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from July 12 to October 29, 2018. The study's participants were 200 hospitalized children's mothers in the pediatric ward of a university hospital. Results: The coping of hospitalized children's mothers showed a significant relationship with nurses' informative communication style (r=.26, p<.001), affective communication style (r=.28, p<.001), nurse-mother partnership (r=.50, p<.001), authoritative communication style (r=-.28, p<.001), and mothers' anxiety (r=-.23, p=.001). A multiple regression analysis (adjusted R²=.32) indicated that the factors affecting the mothers' coping included nurse-mother partnership (𝛽=.47, p<.001), another caregiver (yes) (𝛽=.17, p=.006), and mothers' subjective health status (very healthy) (𝛽=.15, p=.047). Conclusion: Considering that the formation of cooperative partnerships between mothers and nurses found in this study had a positive effect on the mothers' coping skills, it appears necessary to develop and implement programs for improving nurses' communication skills and ability to form partnerships, beginning from undergraduate education.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-173
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• 2011

In a group of 353 elementary students, the present study examined the moderation effects of prosocial behaviors and social competence in the relations between overt/relational aggression and peer status (social preference and perceived popularity). The results indicate that both overt aggression and relational aggression lowered social preference regardless of gender. Prosocial behaviors and social competence did not buffer the negative influence of aggression on social preference. Among boys, overt aggression was a significant predictor of increased perceived popularity. Although inconsistent, relational aggression also predicted boys' perceived popularity. However, among girls, relational aggression, not overt aggression, was associated with perceived popularity. The moderation effects of prosocial behaviors and social competence were significant only among boys. In other words, boys' aggression, although it lowers social preference, contributes to their social influence and dominance when it is effectively combined with positive characteristics. It is necessary to develop new intervention strategies which reflect the adaptive function of aggression within peer groups.